Advances in environmental research

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Application of nanofiltration membrane in the recovery of aluminum from alkaline sludge solutions

  • Cheng, Wen Po (Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University) ;
  • Chi, Fung Hwa (Department of Environmental Engineering Kun Shan University) ;
  • Yu, Ruey Fang (Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University) ;
  • Tian, Dun Ren (Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University)
  • Received : 2016.09.10
  • Accepted : 2016.10.07
  • Published : 2016.06.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Large amounts of aluminum hydroxide ($Al(OH)_3$) exist in water purification sludge (WPS) because of the added aluminum coagulant in water treatment process. Notably, $Al(OH)_3$ is an amphoteric compound, can be dissolved in its basic condition using sodium hydroxide to form aluminate ions ($Al(OH)_4{^-}$). However, in a process in which pH is increasing, the humid acid can be dissolved easily from WPS and will inhibit the recovery and reuse of the dissolved aluminate ions. This study attempts to fix this problem by a novel approach to separate $Al(OH)_4{^-}$ ions using nanofiltration (NF) technology. Sludge impurity in a alkaline solution is retained by the NF membrane, such that the process recovers $Al(OH)_4{^-}$ ions, and significantly decreases the organic matter or heavy metal impurities in the permeate solution. The $Al(OH)_4{^-}$ ion is an alkaline substance. Experimental results confirm that a recovered coagulant of $Al(OH)_4{^-}$ ion can effectively remove kaolin particles from slightly acidic synthetic raw water.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : National Science Council, Taiwan

References

  1. Akbari, A., Desclaux, S., Remigy, J.C. and Aptel, P. (2002), "Treatment of textile dye effluents using a new photo grafted nanofiltration membrane", Desalination, 149(1), 101-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0011-9164(02)00739-7
  2. Babatunde, A.O. and Zhao, Y.Q. (2007), "Constructive approaches toward water treatment works sludge management: an international review of beneficial reuses", Crit. Rev. Env. Sci. Technol., 37(2), 129-164. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643380600776239
  3. Baghvand, A., Zand, A.D., Mehrdadi, N. and Karbassi, A. (2010), "Optimizing coagulation process for low to high turbidity waters using aluminum and iron salts", Am. J. Environ. Sci., 6(5), 442-448. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajessp.2010.442.448
  4. Cath, T.Y., Childeress, A.E. and Elimelech, M. (2006), "Forward osmosis: principles, applications, and recent developments", J. Membr. Sci., 281(1), 70-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2006.05.048
  5. Cheng, W.P., Chen, P.H. and Yu, R.Y. (2016), "Treating ammonium rich wastewater with water purification sludge to produce ammonium alum", Sustain. Environ. Res., 26, 63-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.serj.2015.11.002
  6. Cheng, W.P., Fu, C.H. and Yu, R.F. (2012), "Dynamics of aluminum leaching from water purification sludge", J. Hazard. Mater., 217-218, 149-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.03.007
  7. Cornwell, D.A. and Lemunyon, R.M. (1980), "Feasibility studies on liquid ion exchange for alum recovery from water treatment plant sludges", J. AWWA, 72, 64-68. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1980.tb04465.x
  8. Cornwell, D.A. and Susan, J.A. (1979), "Characteristics of acid-treated alum sludges", J. AWWA, 71(10), 604-608. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1979.tb04425.x
  9. Dassanayake, K.B., Jayasinghe, G.Y., Surapaneni, A. and Hetherington, C. (2015), "A review on alum sludge reuse with special reference to agricultural applications and future challenges", Waste Manage, 38, 321-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2014.11.025
  10. David, A., Cornwell, D.A. and Cline, G.C. (1980), "Metals removal from wastewater sludges with liquid ion exchange", National Conference on Environmental Engineering ASCE, New York, United States, July 8-10.
  11. Dhage, S.S., Paramasivam, R., Ravinder, R. and Andey, S.P. (1985), "Recovery of alum from water treatment sludge by liquid ion exchange (LIE) technique", J. Indian Wat. Works Assoc., 17(2), 193-199.
  12. Evuti, A.M. and Lawal M. (2011), "Recovery of coagulants from water works sludge: A review", Adv. Appl. Sci. Res., 2, 410-417
  13. Hegazy, B.D.E., Fouad, H.A. and Hassanain, A.M. (2012), "Incorporation of water sludge, silica fume and rice husk ash in brick making", Adv. Environ. Res., 1(1), 83-96. https://doi.org/10.12989/aer.2012.1.1.083
  14. Huang, M.H., Chen, L.D. and Zhou, S. (2011), "Characteristics and aluminum reuse of textile sludge incineration residues after acidification", J. Environ. Sci., 23(12), 1999-2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(10)60662-6
  15. Huang, S.H., Chen, J.L., Chiang, K.Y. and Wu, C.C. (2010), "Effects of acidification on dewaterability and aluminum concentration of alum sludge", Sep. Sci. Technol., 45(8), 1165-1169. https://doi.org/10.1080/01496391003734631
  16. Jiménez, B., Martínez, M. and Vaca, M, (2007), "Alum recovery and wastewater sludge stabilization with sulfuric acid", Water Sci. Technol., 56(8),133-141. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.711
  17. Keeley, J., Jarvis, P. and Judd, S.J. (2014), "Coagulant recovery from water treatment residuals: a review of applicable technologies", Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol., 44(24), 2675-2719. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2013.829766
  18. Li, C.W., Lin, J.L., Kang, S.F. and Liang, C.L. (2005), "Acidification and alkalization of textile chemical sludge: volume/solid reduction, dewaterability, and Al(III) recovery", Sep. Purif. Technol., 42(1), 31-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2004.06.001
  19. Li, P. and Sengupta, A.K. (1995), "Selective recovery of alum from clarifier sludge using composite ion exchange membranes", 27th mid Atlantic Ind. Waste Conf., Bethlehem, PA, United States, July 9-12.
  20. Masschelein, W.J., Devleminck, R. and Genot, J. (1985), "The feasibility of coagulant recycling by alkaline reaction of aluminum hydroxide sludges", Water Res., 19(11), 1363-1368. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(85)90302-1
  21. Panswad, T. and Chamnan, P. (1992), "Aluminum recovery from industrial aluminum sludge", Water Sci. Technol. Water Supply, 10(4), 159-166.
  22. Petruzzell, I.D., Volpe, A., Limon, N. and Passimo, R. (2000), "Coagulants removal and recovery from water clarifier sludge", Water Res., 34(7), 2177-2182. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00357-7
  23. Prakash, P., Hoskins, D. and Sengupta, A.K. (2004), "Application of homogeneous and heterogeneous cation-exchange membranes in coagulant recovery from water treatment plant residuals using Donnan membrane process", J. Membr. Sci., 237(1), 131-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2004.03.016
  24. Prakash, P. and Sengupta, A.K. (2003), "Selective coagulant recovery from water treatment plant residuals using Donnan membrane process", Environ. Sci. Technol., 37(19), 4468-4472. https://doi.org/10.1021/es030371q
  25. Sahu, O.P. and Chaudhari, P. K. (2013), "Review on chemical treatment of industrial waste water", J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage, 17(2), 241-257.
  26. Sengupta, A.K. and Prakash, P. (2004), "Alum recovery from water treatment works sludges", Water 21, 6, 15-16.
  27. Yang, L., Han, Y.X. and Wang, D.T. (2013), "High efficiency aluminum coagulant recovery from drinking water treatment plant sludge by using ultrasound assisted acidification", Adv. Mater. Res., 777, 60-64. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.777.60
  28. Yang, L., Wei, J., Zhang, Y., Wang, J. and Wang, D. (2014), "Reuse of acid coagulant-recovered drinking water works sludge residual to remove phosphorus from wastewater", Appl. Surf. Sci., 305, 337-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.03.081
  29. Yeom, C.K., Lee, S.H. and Lee, J.M. (2000), "Effect of the ionic characteristics of charged membranes on the permeation of anionic solutes in reverse osmosis", J. Membr. Sci., 169(2), 237-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(99)00341-5
  30. Yu, T., Shen, T.S., Yang, C., Shao, C., Song, P.S., Ho, L.N., Pan, W.S. and Bi, S.P. (2009), "A progression study of n aluminum recovered from alum salt sludge", Environ. Monit. Assess. Technol. Manage, 21, 45-52.
  31. Yuan, W. and Zydney, A.L. (2000), "Humid acid fouling during ultrafiltration", Environ. Sci. Technol., 34(23), 5043-5050. https://doi.org/10.1021/es0012366
  32. Xu, G.R., Tan, X.C., Wang, Y.C. and Wang, N. (2009), "Recycle of Alum recovered from water treatment sludge in chemically enhanced primary treatment", J. Hazard. Mater., 161(2), 663-669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.04.008
  33. Wu, X.H., Ye, C.Q., Wang, D.S., Ge, X.P. and Tang, H.X. (2009), "Effect of speciation transformation on the coagulation behavior of Al13 and Al13 aggregates", Water Sci. Technol., 59(4), 815-822. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.064

Cited by

  1. The Application of Nanofiltration for Separating Aluminium and Lithium from Lepidolite Leaching Solution vol.5, pp.16, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.202000274