Korean Circulation Journal

The Korean Society of Cardiology (대한심장학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Prehypertension and Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Middle-Aged Koreans

  • Jang, Shin Yi (Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Sujin (Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Chang Kwan (Department of Nursing, KC University) ;
  • Cho, Eun Jeong (Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Clinic, National Cancer Center) ;
  • Cho, Soo Jin (Health Promotion Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Chol (Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine)
  • Received : 2015.07.15
  • Accepted : 2015.11.26
  • Published : 2016.07.30
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction is known to be a marker of myocardial damage, in particular myocardial fibrosis resulting from hypertension (HT). However, few studies have shown an association between the grade of diastolic dysfunction and blood pressure classification. We investigated the association between diastolic dysfunction and prehypertension (preHT) in apparently healthy adults who underwent routine health examinations. Subjects and Methods: The study sample included 4261 Koreans, 45 to 64 years of age with no previous history of HT, diabetes mellitus, malignancy, proven coronary artery disease, or valvular heart disease based on echocardiography, who underwent routine health examinations including echocardiography. The subjects were classified into three groups based on resting blood pressure: prehypertensive, hypertensive, and normotensive. Results: The prevalence of preHT in our study was 42.1%. After adjusting for age, gender, smoking status, alcohol consumption, fasting blood sugar, serum lipid profile, and body mass index, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction grades 1 and 2 were significantly more frequent in subjects with preHT (odds ratio [OR] 1.66 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.40-1.96] and 1.37 [95% CI 0.95-1.97], respectively). When analyzed according to gender, the increased OR was especially notable in males. Conclusion: Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction appears to be significantly associated with preHT in Korean middle-aged males.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Samsung Medical Center

References

  1. Lawes CM, Vander Hoorn S, Rodgers A; International Society of Hypertension. Global burden of blood-pressure-related disease, 2001. Lancet 2008;371:1513-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60655-8
  2. Julius S, Nesbitt SD, Egan BM, et al. Feasibility of treating prehypertension with an angiotensin-receptor blocker. N Engl J Med 2006;354:1685-97. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa060838
  3. Mainous AG 3rd, Everett CJ, Liszka H, King DE, Egan BM. Prehypertension and mortality in a nationally representative cohort. Am J Cardiol 2004;94:1496-500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.08.026
  4. Schulz R, Guther B, Mutert S, Kuhn J. Obesity in Bavarian adolescents: prevalence in trend, sociodemographic structural features and subjective health. Gesundheitswesen 2010;72:88-98. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1214402
  5. Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB, et al. Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Chamber Quantification Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2005;18:1440-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2005.10.005
  6. Nagueh SF, Appleton CP, Gillebert TC, et al. Recommendations for the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function by echocardiography. Eur J Echocardiogr 2009;10:165-93.
  7. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al. The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA 2003;289:2560-72. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.289.19.2560
  8. Jang SY, Ju EY, Choi S, et al. Prehypertension and obesity in middle-aged Korean men and women: the third Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (KNHANES III) study. J Public Health (Oxf) 2012;34:562-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fds033
  9. Weisell RC. Body mass index as an indicator of obesity. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2002;11 Suppl 8:S681-4. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-6047.11.s8.5.x
  10. Ahn HS, Kim SJ, Kim MK, et al. The difference of left ventricular hypertrophy and the diastolic function between prehypertensive and normotensive. Korean Circ J 2006;36:437-42. https://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2006.36.6.437
  11. Erdogan D, Caliskan M, Yildirim I, et al. Effects of normal blood pressure, prehypertension and hypertension on left ventricular diastolic function and aortic elastic properties. Blood Press 2007;16:114-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/08037050701395910
  12. Almuntaser I, Mahmud A, Brown A, et al. Blood pressure control determines improvement in diastolic dysfunction in early hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2009;22:1227-31. https://doi.org/10.1038/ajh.2009.173
  13. Celentano A, Crivaro M, Perticone F, et al. Anti-hypertensive effect of manidipine: 24 hours monitoring evaluation and Doppler-echocardiographic remarks. Blood Press Suppl 1996;5:29-35.
  14. Brilla CG, Funck RC, Rupp H. Lisinopril-mediated regression of myocardial fibrosis in patients with hypertensive heart disease. Circulation 2000;102:1388-93. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.102.12.1388
  15. Erdogan D, Caliskan M, Gullu H, et al. Aortic elastic properties and left ventricular diastolic function in white-coat hypertensive individuals. Blood Press Monit 2006;11:191-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mbp.0000209079.17246.7d
  16. Bhatia RS, Tu JV, Lee DS, et al. Outcome of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in a population-based study. N Engl J Med 2006;355:260-9. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa051530
  17. Almuntaser I, Brown A, Murphy R, et al. Comparison of echocardiographic measures of left ventricular diastolic function in early hypertension. Am J Cardiol 2007;100:1771-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.07.029
  18. Li X, Cao RX, Lv RR, Cao WH. Study on the trend of obesity prevalence among primary and middle school students in Beijing, from 1985 to 2005. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2008;29:469-72.
  19. Regenauer A. Does the obesity "epidemic" stop the life expectancy trend? Versicherungsmedizin 2008;60:32-3.
  20. Eisenmann JC. Insight into the causes of the recent secular trend in pediatric obesity: common sense does not always prevail for complex, multi-factorial phenotypes. Prev Med 2006;42:329-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.02.002
  21. Zabalgoitia M, Ur Rahman SN, Haley WE, et al. Role of left ventricular hypertrophy in diastolic dysfunction in aged hypertensive patients. J Hypertens 1997;15:1175-9. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004872-199715100-00016
  22. Miller TR, Grossman SJ, Schectman KB, Biello DR, Ludbrook PA, Ehsani AA. Left ventricular diastolic filling and its association with age. Am J Cardiol 1986;58:531-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(86)90028-7
  23. Russo C, Jin Z, Palmieri V, et al. Arterial stiffness and wave reflection: sex differences and relationship with left ventricular diastolic function. Hypertension 2012;60:362-8. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.191148
  24. Jang SY, Ju EY, Huh EH, Kim JH, Kim DK. Determinants of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in healthy Koreans. J Korean Med Sci 2014;29:798-804. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2014.29.6.798
  25. Fenk S, Fischer M, Strack C, et al. Successful weight reduction improves left ventricular diastolic function and physical performance in severe obesity. Int Heart J 2015;56:196-202. https://doi.org/10.1536/ihj.14-261
  26. Russo C, Jin Z, Homma S, et al. Effect of obesity and overweight on left ventricular diastolic function: a community-based study in an elderly cohort. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;57:1368-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2010.10.042
  27. Vasan RS, Larson MG, Leip EP, Kannel WB, Levy D. Assessment of frequency of progression to hypertension in non-hypertensive participants in the Framingham Heart Study: a cohort study. Lancet 2001;358:1682-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(01)06710-1

Cited by

  1. Smoking aggravates ventricular arrhythmic events in non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy associated with a late gadolinium enhancement in cardiac MRI vol.8, pp.None, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34145-9
  2. Pre-hypertension and subclinical carotid damage: a meta-analysis vol.33, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41371-018-0114-6