Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

In vitro grown thickened taproots, a new type of soil transplanting source in Panax ginseng

  • Kim, Jong Youn (Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Dong Hwi (Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Young Chang (Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Kee Hong (Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Han, Jung Yeon (Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Choi, Yong Eui (Department of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University)
  • Received : 2015.12.08
  • Accepted : 2016.05.26
  • Published : 2016.10.15
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: The low survival rate of in vitro regenerated Panax ginseng plantlets after transfer to soil is the main obstacle for their successful micropropagation and molecular breeding. In most cases, young plantlets converted from somatic embryos are transferred to soil. Methods: In vitro thickened taproots, which were produced after prolonged culture of ginseng plantlets, were transferred to soil. Results: Taproot thickening of plantlets occurred near hypocotyl and primary roots. Elevated concentration of sucrose in the medium stimulated the root thickening of plantlets. Senescence of shoots occurred following the prolonged culture of plantlets. Once the leaves of plantlets senesced, the buds on taproots developed a dormant tendency. Gibberellic acid treatment was required for dormancy breaking of the buds. Analysis of endogenous abscisic acid revealed that the content of abscisic acid in taproots with senescent shoots was comparatively higher than that of taproots with green shoots. Thickened taproots were transferred to soil, followed by exposure to gibberellic acid or a cold temperature of $2^{\circ}C$ for 4 mo. Cold treatment of roots at $2^{\circ}C$ for 4 mo resulted in bud sprouting in 84% of roots. Spraying of 100 mg/L gibberellic acid also induced the bud sprouting in 81% roots. Conclusion: Soil transfer of dormant taproots of P. ginseng has advantages since they do not require an acclimatization procedure, humidity control of plants, and photoautotrophic growth, and a high soil survival rate was attained.

Keywords

References

  1. Chang WC, Hsing YI. Plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis in root-derived callus of ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer). Theor Appl Genet 1980;57:133-5.
  2. Ahn IO, Le BV, Gendy C, Tran Thanh Van K. Direct somatic embryogenesis through thin cell layer culture of Panax ginseng. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 1996;45:237-43. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00043636
  3. Choi YE, Yang DC, Park JC, Soh WY, Choi KT. Regenerative ability of somatic single and multiple embryos from cotyledons of Korean ginseng on hormone-free medium. Plant Cell Rep 1998;17:544-51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002990050439
  4. Tang W. High-frequency plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis and in vitro flowering of regenerated plantlets in Panax ginseng. Plant Cell Rep 2000;19:727-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002999900170
  5. Teng WL, Sin T, Teng MC. Explant preparation affects culture initiation and regeneration of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 2002;68:233-9. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013957423655
  6. Kim YJ, Lee OR, Kim KT, Yang DC. High frequency of plant regeneration through cyclic secondary somatic embryogenesis in Panax ginseng. J Ginseng Res 2012;36:442-8. https://doi.org/10.5142/jgr.2012.36.4.442
  7. Choi YE, Jeong JH, In JK, Yang DC. Production of herbicide-resistant transgenic Panax ginseng through the introduction of phosphinotricin acetyl transferase gene and successful soil transfer. Plant Cell Rep 2003;21:563-8.
  8. Schenk RU, Hildebrandt AC. Medium and techniques for induction and growth of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plant cell cultures. Can J Bot 1972;50:199-204. https://doi.org/10.1139/b72-026
  9. Kawakami K. Physiology of yield of underground storage organs. In: Gupta US, editor. Crop physiology. New Delhi: Oxford and IBH Publishing Co.; 1978. p. 269-309.
  10. Yamagishi M. Effects of mannose on enlargement of in vitro bulblets of Lilium japonicum Thunb. Bull RIAR Agr Coll 1995;4:86-9.
  11. Alizadeh S, Mantell SH, Viana AM. In vitro shoot culture and microtuber induction in the steroid yam Dioscorea composita Hemsl. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 1998;53:107-12. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006036324474
  12. Lim PO, Woo HR, Nam HG. Molecular genetics of leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. Trends Plant Sci 2003;8:272-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1360-1385(03)00103-1
  13. Hussey G, Falavigna A. Origin and production of in vitro adventitious shoots in the onion, Allium cepa L. J Exp Bot 1980;31:1675-86. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/31.6.1675
  14. Zeevaart JAD, Creelman RA. Metabolism and physiology of abscisic acid. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 1988;39:439-73. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.39.060188.002255
  15. Delvallee I, Paffen A, De Klerk GJ. The development of dormancy in bulblets of Lilium speciosum generated in vitro. II. The effect of temperature. Physiol Plant 1990;80:431-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1990.tb00063.x
  16. Chandra S, Bandopadhyay R, Kumar V, Chandra R. Acclimatization of tissue cultured plantlets: from laboratory to land. Biotechnol Lett 2010;32:1199-205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-010-0290-0
  17. Wen J, Zimmer EA. Phylogeny and biogeography of Panax L. (the ginseng genus, Araliaceae): inferences from ITS sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Mol Phylogenet Evol 1996;6:167-77. https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.1996.0069

Cited by

  1. Major Achievement and Prospect of Ginseng Breeding in Korea vol.52, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.9787/kjbs.2020.52.s.170