DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Alternaria tenuissima on Black Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) in Korea

  • Wee, Jung-In (Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Park, Jong-Han (Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Back, Chang-Gi (Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • You, Young-Hyun (Marine Microorganism Team, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea) ;
  • Chang, Taehyun (School of Ecology & Environmental System, College of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2016.04.07
  • Accepted : 2016.07.05
  • Published : 2016.09.30

Abstract

In July 2015, diseased leaves of black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) were observed in Danyang and Gochang, Korea. The symptoms appeared as circular or irregular brown leaf spots, from which Alternaria tenuissima was isolated. The isolates were cultured on potato dextrose agar, and their morphological characteristics were observed under a light microscope. The colonies were whitish to ash colored. The pathogenicity test on healthy black chokeberry leaves produced circular brown spots, in line with the original symptoms. Molecular analyses of the ITS, GPD, RPB2, and TEF genes were conducted to confirm the identity of the pathogen. The phylogeny of the multi-gene sequences indicated that the causal agent was A. tenuissima. This study is the first report of A. tenuissima leaf spot on black chokeberry (A. melanocarpa).

Keywords

References

  1. Kulling SE, Rawel HM. Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa): a review on the characteristic components and potential health effects. Planta Med 2008;74:1625-34. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1088306
  2. Scott RW, Skirvin RM. Black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa Michx.): a semi-edible fruit with no pests. J Am Pomol Soc 2007;61:135-7.
  3. Farr DF, Rossman AY. Fungal Databases. Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA [Internet]. Washington, DC: Agricultural Research Service; 2016 [cited 2016 Mar 10]. Available from: http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/.
  4. Kwon JH, Kang DW, Lee SY, Choi O, Kim J. First report of brown leaf spot caused by Alternaria alternata on Aronia melanocarpa in Korea. Plant Dis 2016;100:1011.
  5. Aktaruzzaman M, Kim JY, Afroz T, Kim BS. First report of leaf spot of Datura metel caused by Alternaria tenuissima in Korea. Res Plant Dis 2015;21:330-3. https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2015.21.4.330
  6. Hahm SS, Kwon MK, Kim BR, Han KS, Nam YG. Alternaria leaf spot caused by Alternaria mali on black chokeberry in Korea. Res Plant Dis 2016;22:50-4 https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2016.22.1.50
  7. Woudenberg JH, Groenewald JZ, Binder M, Crous PW. Alternaria redefined. Stud Mycol 2013;75:171-212. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim0015
  8. Berbee ML, Pirseyedi M, Hubbard S. Cochliobolus phylogenetics and the origin of known, highly virulent pathogens, inferred from ITS and glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene sequences. Mycologia 1999;91:964-77. https://doi.org/10.2307/3761627
  9. Gardes M, Bruns TD. ITS primers with enhanced specificity for basidiomycetes: application to the identification of mycorrhizae and rusts. Mol Ecol 1993;2:113-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.1993.tb00005.x
  10. White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S, Taylor J. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ, White TJ, editors. PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. San Diego: Academic Press; 1990. p. 315-22.
  11. Sung GH, Sung JM, Hywel-Jones NL, Spatafora JW. A multi-gene phylogeny of Clavicipitaceae (Ascomycota, Fungi): identification of localized incongruence using a combinational bootstrap approach. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2007;44:1204-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2007.03.011
  12. Liu YJ, Whelen S, Hall BD. Phylogenetic relationships among ascomycetes: evidence from an RNA polymerse II subunit. Mol Biol Evol 1999;16:1799-808. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026092
  13. Carbone I, Kohn LM. A method for designing primer sets for speciation studies in filamentous ascomycetes. Mycologia 1999;91:553-6. https://doi.org/10.2307/3761358
  14. Woudenberg JH, Seidl MF, Groenewald JZ, de Vries M, Stielow JB, Thomma BP, Crous PW. Alternaria section Alternaria: species, formae speciales or pathotypes? Stud Mycol 2015;82:1-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2015.07.001
  15. Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipski A, Kumar S. MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Mol Biol Evol 2013;30:2725-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst197
  16. Luan YS, Feng L, Xia XY, An LJ. First report of Alternaria tenuissima causing disease on blueberry in China. Plant Dis 2007;91:464.
  17. Nasehi A, Kadir JB, Abidin MA, Wong MY, Mahmodi F. First report of Alternaria tenuissima causing leaf spot on eggplant in Malaysia. Plant Dis 2012;96:1226.
  18. Li Y, Zhang D, Xu W, Wu Z, Guo M, Cao A. Alternaria tenuissima causing leaf spot and fruit rot on pepper (Capsicum annuum): first report in China. New Dis Rep 2011;24:3. https://doi.org/10.5197/j.2044-0588.2011.024.003