The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea (암석학회지)

The Petrological Society of Korea (한국암석학회)
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Neotectonic Crustal Deformation and Current Stress Field in the Korean Peninsula and Their Tectonic Implications: A Review

한반도 신기 지각변형과 현생 응력장 그리고 지구조적 의미: 논평

  • Kim, Min-Cheol (Department of Geological Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Jung, Soohwan (Engineering and Resource Department, Nexgeo Inc.) ;
  • Yoon, Sangwon (National Disaster Management Research Institute) ;
  • Jeong, Rae-Yoon (Department of Geological Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Song, Cheol Woo (Department of Geological Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Son, Moon (Department of Geological Sciences, Pusan National University)
  • 김민철 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과) ;
  • 정수환 ((주)넥스지오 엔지니어링자원사업본부) ;
  • 윤상원 (국립재난안전연구원) ;
  • 정래윤 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과) ;
  • 송철우 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과) ;
  • 손문 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과)
  • Received : 2016.09.19
  • Accepted : 2016.09.28
  • Published : 2016.09.30
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Abstract

In order to characterize the Neotectonic crustal deformation and current stress field in and around the Korean Peninsula and to interpret their tectonic implications, this paper synthetically analyzes the previous Quaternary fault and focal mechanism solution data and recent geotechnical in-situ stress data and examines the characteristics of crustal deformations and tectonic settings in and around East Asia after the Miocene. Most of the Quaternary fault outcrops in SE Korea occur along major inherited fault zones and show a NS-striking top-to-the-west thrust geometry, indicating that the faults were produced by local reactivation of appropriately oriented preexisting weaknesses under EW-trending pure compressional stress field. The focal mechanism solutions in and around the Korean Peninsula disclose that strike-slip faulting containing some reverse-slip component and reverse-slip faulting are significantly dominant on land and in sea area, respectively. The P-axes are horizontally clustered in ENE-WSW direction, whereas the T-axes are girdle-distributed in NNW direction. The geotechnical in-situ stress data in South Korea also indicate the ENE-trending maximum horizontal stress. The current crustal deformation in the Korean Peninsula is thus characterized by crustal contraction under regional ENE-WSW or E-W compression stress field. Based on the regional stress trajectories in and around East Asia, the current stress regime is interpreted to have resulted from the cooperation of westward shallow subduction of the Pacific Plate and collision of Indian and Eurasian continents, whereas the Philippine Sea plate have not a decisive effect on the stress-regime in the Korean Peninsula due to its high-angle subduction that resulted in dominant crust extension of the back-arc region. It is also interpreted that the Neotectonic crustal deformation and present-day tectonic setting of East Asia commenced with the change of the Pacific Plate motion during 5~3.2 Ma.

한반도 일원의 신기 지각변형과 현생 응력장의 특징을 규명하고 지구조적 형성 배경을 이해하기 위해, 제4기 단층과 발진기구해에 관한 기존 자료와 더불어 최근의 지각천부 시추공 응력자료를 종합하여 재분석하였으며, 마이오세 이후 동아시아 일원의 지구조 환경 변화와 지각변형 특징을 정리하였다. 한반도 남동부의 제4기 단층은 대부분 기존 단층대를 따라 발견된다. 또한 대부분 남-북으로 배열된 상반 서향의 충상단층의 기하와 운동특성을 보이며, 동-서 방향의 순수 압축응력 하에서 적절히 배향된 기존 약대가 재활된 특징을 보인다. 한반도와 인근 해역의 발진기구해 분석 결과, 내륙에서는 주향이동단층 또는 역이동성 운동감각을 포함하는 주향이동단층이 우세한 반면, 동해와 서해 연안의 경우에는 역단층이 우세한 특징을 보인다. 압축 축은 동북동과 서남서를 향해 수평 내지 아수평한 자세로 군집되며, 인장 축은 북북서-남남동 주향을 가지는수직의 대원 상에 배열된다. 시추공 내 응력측정 자료를 취합한 결과, 한반도 지각천부의 평균 최대수평응력은 동북동-서남서 방향으로 나타났다. 따라서 한반도 일원은 현재 광역적인 동북동-서남서 내지 동-서 방향의 압축력에 의한 압축구조가 발달중인 것으로 판단된다. 동아시아 일원의 광역적인 현생 응력장 분포와 비교한 결과, 이러한 동북동-서남서 내지 동-서 방향의 압축응력환경은 태평양판의 서향 저각 섭입과 인도-유라시아 충돌로부터 전파된 응력장이 중첩된 결과로 판단되며, 대부분 고각 섭입의 양상을 보이는 필리핀해판은 배호지역 내에서 인장 환경의 특징을 보여주고 있어 한반도에서의 영향은 미미한 것으로 판단된다. 이상과 같은 동아시아 일원의 신기 지구조환경과 지각변형은 약 5~3.2 Ma 경 태평양판의 이동방향과 섭입각도의 변화와 함께 시작된 것으로 해석된다.

Keywords

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