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An Agrometeorological Reference Index for Projecting Weather-Related Crop Risk under Climate Change Scenario

농작물의 기상재해 발생위험 판정기준 설정 및 지구 온난화에 따른 기준기상위험의 변화 전망

  • Kim, Dae-jun (Agricultural Climatology Lab., College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kim, Jin-hee (Agricultural Climatology Lab., College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Yun, Jin I. (Agricultural Climatology Lab., College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University)
  • 김대준 (경희대학교 농업기상연구실) ;
  • 김진희 (경희대학교 농업기상연구실) ;
  • 윤진일 (경희대학교 농업기상연구실)
  • Received : 2016.09.06
  • Accepted : 2016.09.30
  • Published : 2016.09.30

Abstract

The agrometeorological reference index means 'the agrometeorological damage possibility' or the possibility of the normal year climate condition to damage the crop cultivation in a certain region. It is a reference used to compare the cultivation risk of a crop by region. The global climate warming is expected to increase the winter temperature. At the same time, the frequency of extreme weather events will also increase. Therefore, people pay attention to the potential of low temperature-induced damages (e.g., frost damage and injury) to fruit trees under the future climate condition. However, simple damage projection based on climate conditions does not help the climate change adaptation in the practical aspect because the climate change affects the phenology of fruit trees as well. This study predicted the phenology of the pear, peach, and apple trees by using the climate change scenarios of major regions. Furthermore, low temperature induced agrometeorological reference indices were calculated based on the effects of temperature on each plant growth stage to predict the damage possibility. It was predicted that the breaking rest would delay more in the future while the bud-burst date and flowering date will be earlier. In Daegu, Jeonju, and Mokpo, the breaking rest delayed more as time passed. The bud-burst date and flowering date of Seoul and Incheon regions were later than other regions. Seoul and Incheon showed a similar pattern, while Daegu and Jeonju revealed a similar pattern. Busan and Mokpo also showed a similar pattern. All regions were safe from the frost damage during the dormancy period. However, plants were vulnerable to frost damage between the breaking rest and the bud-burst period. Regions showed different frost damage patterns between the bud-burst period and the flowering period. During the bud-burst and flowering period, the risk level decreased in general, although the risk of some areas tended to increase.

기준기상위험이란 한 지역의 평년기후조건이 작물재배에 미칠 수 있는 '농업기상학적 피해가능성'으로서, 동일 작물 재배 시 지역에 따른 재해위험을 비교하는 기준이 된다. 지구온난화로 인하여 겨울 온도는 상승할 것으로 예상되지만, 기상이변의 빈도 또한 늘어날 것으로 전망되기 때문에 미래 기후조건에서 과수의 동해, 상해 등 저온에 의한 재해위험이 주목 받고 있다. 그러나 기후의 변화는 과수 생물계절도 변화시키므로 기상조건에 근거한 단순한 재해위험 전망은 기후변화적응의 실용측면에서 별 도움이 되지 못한다. 본 연구에서는 전국 주요 지역의 과거 및 기후변화시나리오를 이용하여 배, 복숭아, 사과의 생물계절을 예측하고 생육단계별 기온과의 상호작용에 근거하여 저온 유래 기준기상위험을 계산함으로써 미래의 재해가능성을 전망하였다. 휴면해제일은 미래로 갈수록 늦어질 것으로 전망되었으며, 발아일과 개화일의 경우 빨라질 것으로 예상되었다. 대구, 전주, 목포의 경우 휴면해제일의 지연 정도가 미래로 갈수록 커졌으며 발아일과 개화일의 경우 서울, 인천 지역이 다른 지역에 비해 늦게 나타났다. 서울과 인천, 대구와 전주, 부산과 목포가 서로 비슷한 양상을 나타내었다. 휴면기 동안에는 전 지역이 동해에 안전하였으나 휴면해제-발아기 동안에는 전 지역이 동해에 취약하였고, 발아기-개화기의 위험은 미래로 갈수록 대체로 낮아졌지만 지역에 따라 위험이 커지는 곳도 있었다.

Keywords

References

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