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Korean Meteorological Society (한국기상학회)
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Characteristics of Aerosol Mass Concentration and Chemical Composition of the Yellow and South Sea around the Korean Peninsula Using a Gisang 1 Research Vessel

기상1호에서 관측된 한반도 서해 및 남해상의 에어로졸 질량농도와 화학조성 특성

  • Cha, Joo Wan (Environmental Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Ko, Hee-Jung (Environmental Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Shin, Beomchel (Environmental Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Lee, Hae-Jung (Environmental Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Kim, Jeong Eun (Environmental Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Ahn, Boyoung (High Impact Weather Research Center, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences) ;
  • Ryoo, Sang-Boom (Environmental Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences)
  • 차주완 (국립기상과학원 환경기상연구과) ;
  • 고희정 (국립기상과학원 환경기상연구과) ;
  • 신범철 (국립기상과학원 환경기상연구과) ;
  • 이혜정 (국립기상과학원 환경기상연구과) ;
  • 김정은 (국립기상과학원 환경기상연구과) ;
  • 안보영 (국립기상과학원 재해기상연구센터) ;
  • 류상범 (국립기상과학원 환경기상연구과)
  • Received : 2016.03.24
  • Accepted : 2016.07.27
  • Published : 2016.09.30
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Abstract

Northeast Asian regions have recently become the main source of anthropogenic and natural aerosols. Measurement of aerosols on the sea in these regions have been rarely conducted since the experimental campaigns such as ACE-ASIA (Asian Pacific Regional Aerosol Characterization Experiment) in 2001. Research vessel observations of aerosol mass and chemical composition were performed on the Yellow and south sea around the Korean peninsula. The ship measurements showed six representative cases such as aerosol event and non-event cases during the study periods. On non-event cases, the anthropogenic chemical and natural soil composition on the Yellow sea were greater than those on the south sea. On aerosol event cases such as haze, haze with dust, and dust, the measured mass concentrations of anthropogenic chemical and element compositions were clearly changed by the events. In particular, methanesulfonate ($MSA^-$, $CH_3SO_3^-$), a main component of natural oceanic aerosol important for sulfur circulation on Earth, was first observed by the vessel in Korea, and its concentration on the Yellow sea was three times that on the south sea during the study period. Sea salt concentration important to chemical composition on the sea is related to wind speed. Coefficients of determination ($R^2$) between wind speed and sea salt concentration were 0.68 in $PM_{10}$ and 0.82 in $PM_{2.5}$. Maximum wave height was not found to be correlated to the sea salt concentration. When sea-salt comes into contact with pollutants, the total sea-salt mass is reduced, i.e., a loss of $Cl^-$ concentration from NaCl, the main chemical composing sea salt, is estimated by reaction with $HNO_3$(gas) and $H_2SO_4$(gas). The $Cl^-$ concentration loss by $SO_4^{2-}$ and $NO_3^-$ more easily increased for $PM_{10}$ compared to $PM_{2.5}$. The results of this study will be applied to verifying a dust-haze forecasting model. In addition, continued vessel measurements of aerosol data will become important to research for climate change studies in the future.

Keywords

References

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