Journal of Digital Convergence (디지털융복합연구)

The Society of Digital Policy and Management (한국디지털정책학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Comparison of Cardiopulmonary Function, RPE, and Blood Lactate following in Wheelchair Treadmill and Arm Ergometer GXT Test through Convergence

융복합을 활용한 휠체어 트레드밀과 암에르고미터 점증부하운동검사 시 심폐기능, 운동자각도 및 젖산농도 비교

  • 장홍영 (성결대학교 체육교육과) ;
  • 김종혁 (중원대학교 뷰티헬스학과)
  • Received : 2016.08.01
  • Accepted : 2016.09.20
  • Published : 2016.09.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare cardiopulmonary function, RPE(Rating of perceived exertion), and blood lactate when examining the GXT(Graded exercise testing) of wheelchair treadmill and arm ergometer. Participants were 11 wheelchair basketball players with non disability. While examining the GXT of wheelchair treadmill and arm ergometer, cardiorespiratory functional capacity was measured by using $Quarkb^2$ and Polar and RPE was measured through Borg Scale. The lactate analyser, YSI-2000 was used to measure blood lactate level when resting, right after exercise, two minutes, four minutes, six minutes, and ten minutes of recovery. Data was analyzed by paired t-test using SPSS 18.0 program and significance for all statistical analysis was fixed at .05 confidence level(p<0.05). The conclusion of this study is below. First, maximal oxygen uptake which is a factor of cardiopulmonary function showed the highest with arm ergometer, the rate of respiratory exchange showed the highest with wheelchair treadmill, and maximal heart rate showed the highest with wheelchair treadmill. Second, subjective exercise intensity showed the highest with arm ergometer at the end point. Third, blood lactate level showed the highest with arm ergometer right after exercise.

본 연구는 비장애인 휠체어 농구 선수 11명을 대상으로 휠체어트레드밀과 암 에르고미터의 점증부하운동검사 시 심폐기능, 운동자각도 및 젖산 농도를 비교하는데 목적이 있다. 연구방법으로는 휠체어트레드밀과 암 에르고미터의 점증부하운동검사 시 호흡가스분석기와 무선 심박수 측정기를 사용하여 심폐기능을 알아보았으며, 보그 스케일을 이용하여 운동자각도를 측정하였고, 젖산 분석기를 사용하여 안정 시, 운동직후, 회복기 2분, 4분, 6분, 10분의 혈중 젖산 농도를 측정하였다. 측정된 데이터는 SPSS 18.0 프로그램을 통하여 종속 t-검증(paired t-test)을 실시하여 분석하였고 통계적 유의수준은 .05로 설정하였다. 이 연구를 통하여 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 심폐기능 변인 중 최대산소섭취량은 암 에르고미터가 높게 나타났으며, 호흡교환율은 휠체어트레드밀이 높게 나타났으며, 최대 심박수는 휠체어트레드밀이 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 주관적 운동 강도에서는 종료 점에서 암 에르고미터에서 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 혈중 젖산 농도는 운동 직후 암 에르고미터에서 높게 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ministry of Health and Welfare, "2008 Disabilities Investigation," Seoul: Ministry of Health and Welfare, Policy reports, pp. 2009-2016, 2008.
  2. Korea Employment Agency for the Disabled Job Satisfaction of Workers with Disabilities, "A study on the work satisfaction of disabled workers," Seongnam: Korea Employment Agency for the Disabled Job Satisfaction of Workers with Disabilities Employment Development Institute, Policy Development, 2009.
  3. G. Y. Kim, "The Relationship between Socialization Factors and Participation in Mass Sports of the Physically Handicapped," Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies, Vol. 8. No. 1, pp. 317-334, 1997.
  4. Rimmer, J. H., Braddock, D., & Pitetti, K. H. "Research on physical activity and disability: An Emerging national priority," Medicine and rehabilitation, Vol. 80, pp. 506-592, 1996.
  5. Van der Woude, L. H., van Croonenborg, J. J., Wolff, I., Dallmeijer, A. J., and Hollander, A. P, "Physical work capacity after 7 weeks of wheelchair training effect of intensity in able-bodied subjects," Medicine and Science Sports and Exercise, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 331-341, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199902000-00018
  6. Pandolf, K. B., Billings, D. S., Drolet, L. L., Pimental, N. A., Sawka, M. N, "Differentiated ratings of perceived exertion and various physiological responses during prolonged upper and lower body exercise," European Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 53, pp. 5-11, 1984. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00964681
  7. Robertson, R., Caspersen, C., Allison, T. G., & Mets, K, "Differentiated perceptions of exertion and energy cost of young and women while carrying loads," European Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 44, pp. 69-78, 1982.
  8. G. D. Kim, G. Y. Kim, E. J. Kim, "Effects of Low and Moderate Intensity Treadmill Exercise on Functional Recovery and Histological Changes After Spinal Cord Injury in the Rats," Physical Therapy Korea, Vol 16, No. 2, pp. 41-49, 2009.
  9. S. G. Choi, "The Effects of Wheelchair Basketball Training on Hormones and Lipoproteins in Spinal Cord Injured Men," Korean journal of physical education, Vol. 33. No. 3, pp. 310-322, 1994.
  10. Glaser, R. M., Foley, D. M., Sawka, M. N., Brune, M. F. & Wilde, S. W, "Physiological responses to maximal effort on wheelchair and on armcrank ergometery," Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 48, No. 6, pp. 1060-1064, 1980. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1980.48.6.1060
  11. Glaser, R. M., Foley, D. M., Laubach, L. L., Sawka, M. N. & Suryaprasad, A. G, "An exercise test to evaluate fitness for wheelchair activity," Paraplegia, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 341-349, 1979. https://doi.org/10.1038/sc.1978.66
  12. Martel, G., Noreau, L. & Jobin, J, "Physiological responses to maximal exercise in arm cranking and wheelchair," Paraplegia, Vol. 29, No. 7, pp. 447-456, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1038/sc.1991.61
  13. Whiting, T.B., Dreisinger, T.E. & Hayden, C.R, "Wheelchair exercise testing: comparison of continuous and discontinuous exercise," Paraplegia, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 92-98, 1984. https://doi.org/10.1038/sc.1984.17
  14. Wicks. J. R., Sutton, J. R., Oldridge, N. B. & Jones, N. L, "Comparison of the electrocardiographic changes induced by maximum exercise testing with treadmill and cycle ergometer," Circulation, Vol. 57, No. 6, pp. 1066-1070, 1978. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.57.6.1066
  15. K. J. Kim, "Analysis of the Detailed Physiological Capacity with the Graded Maximal Testing in Athletes," The Korean Journal of Sports Medicine, Vol. 17. No. 1, pp. 115-123, 1999.
  16. Veeger, H.E.J., Yahned, L. H. & Rozendal, R.H, "Within-cycle characteristics of the wheelchair push in sprinting on a wheelchair ergometer," Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Vol. 23, No, 10, pp. 1201-1209, 1991.
  17. Gayle, G. W., Pohlman, R. L., Glaser, R. M. & Davis, G. M, "Cardiorespiratory and perceptual responses to arm crank and wheelchair exercise using various handrims in male paraplegics," Research Quarterly Exercise Sport, Vol. 61, No. 3, pp. 224-232, 1990. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.1990.10608683
  18. American College of Sports Medicine, "ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (8th ed.)," Philadelphia: Lippincott Willams & Wilkins, 2009.
  19. Pollock, M. L., Wilmore, J. H., Fox, S. M, "Exercise in Health and Disease: Evaluation and Prescription for prevention and Rehabilitation (2nd ed.)," Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1990.
  20. Myers, J., Buchanan, N., Walsh, D, "Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols," Journal of American College of Cardiology, Vol. 17, No. 6, pp. 42-134, 1991.
  21. Hambrecht, B. P., Schuler, G. C., Muth, T, "Greater diagnostic sensitivity of treadmill versus cycle exercise testing of asymptomatic men with coronary artery disease," Journal of American College of Cardiology, Vol. 70, pp. 141-146, 1992. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(92)91265-6
  22. Franklin, B. A, "Exercise testing, training and arm ergometry," Sports Medicine, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 100-119, 1985. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-198502020-00003
  23. Jonathan, K. E., Paul, M. G., Paul, S. V., Steven, J. K, "Clinical exercise physiology (2nd ed.). Champaign," Illinois: Human Kinetics Books, 2009.
  24. MacDougall, J. D., Wenger, H. A., Green, H. J, "Physiological testing of the Elite athlete," Canadian Journal of Applied sports Science, Vol. 9, pp. 209-213, 1992.
  25. Shephard, R. J, "Fitness in special populations," Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics Books, 1990.
  26. Dallmeijer, A. J., Zentgraaff, I. D., Zijp, N. I., van der Woude, L. H, "Submaximal physical strain and peak performance in handcycling versus handrim wheelchair propulsion," Spinal Cord, Vol. 42, No. 2, pp. 91-98, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.sc.3101566
  27. Glaser, R. M, "Arm exercise training for wheelchair users," Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 149-155, 1989.
  28. Hartung, G. H., Lally, D. A., Blancq, R. J, "Comparison of treadmill exercise testing protocols for wheelchair users," European Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 66, No. 4, pp. 362-365, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00237783
  29. Martel, G., Noreau, L. & Jobin, J, "Physiological responses to maximal exercise in arm cranking and wheelchair," Paraplegia, Vol. 29, No. 7, pp. 447-456, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1038/sc.1991.61
  30. Keun-Ok An, "Respiratory Exchange Ratio, Concentration of Blood Lactate and Ratings of Perceived Exertion as Criterion for Verification of Maximal Exercise," master's thesis, Graduate School of Dankook University, 2002.
  31. Gass, E. M., Harvey, L. A., Gass, G. C, "Maximal physiological responses during arm cranking and treadmill wheelchair propulsion in t4-t6 paraplegic men. Paraplegia, Vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 267-270, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1038/sc.1995.60
  32. Sang-Woo Hwang, "A Study on the Difference of Treadmill and Cycle Ergometer in Cardiorespiratory Capacity," master's thesis, Graduate School of Konkuk University, 2008.
  33. M. Y. Kim, "Ratings of Perceived Exertion during Exercise Stress Test," The Korean Journal of Sports Medicine, Vol. 16. No. 1, pp. 107-112, 1998.
  34. Fitch, S., and McComas, A, "Influence of human muscle length on fatigue," Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 362, pp. 205-213, 1985. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1985.sp015671
  35. Sawka, M. N., Foley, M. E., Pimental, N. A., Toner, M. M., Pandolf, K. B, "Determination of maximal aerobic power during upper-body exercise," Journal of Applied Physiology: Environmental Exercise Physiology, Vol. 54, No. 1, pp. 113-117, 1983.
  36. Y. S. Chung, C. H. Shin, "Responses to Cardiorespiratory Function and Upper Body Muscle fatigue during Maximal Arm Ergometer Exercise in Wheelchair Basketball Players," Korean journal of physical education, Vol. 40. No. 1, pp. 409-419, 2001.
  37. S. G. Back, "Effects of Using Prop for Convergence Pilates Met Exercise on the Immunoglobulin in Middle-aged Women", Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, Vol. 6, No. 5, pp. 329-336, 2015. https://doi.org/10.15207/JKCS.2015.6.5.329
  38. H. K. Lee, E. H Shin, Y. K. Kim, "Converged Influencing Factors on the Stages of Change of Exercise in Middle Aged Women", Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, Vol. 6, No. 5, pp. 187-197, 2015. https://doi.org/10.15207/JKCS.2015.6.5.187