International Journal of Oral Biology

The Korean Academy of Oral Biology (대한구강생물학회)
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Activation of acetylcholine receptor elicits intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, transient cytotoxicity, and induction of RANKL expression

  • Heo, Seong-Jong (Department of Oral Physiology, and Institute of Biomaterial-Implant, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Kim, Min Seuk (Department of Oral Physiology, and Institute of Biomaterial-Implant, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University)
  • Received : 2016.06.27
  • Accepted : 2016.07.13
  • Published : 2016.09.30
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Abstract

Acetylcholine receptors (AChR) including muscarinic and nicotinic AChR are widely expressed and mediate a variety of physiological cellular responses in neuronal and non-neuronal cells. Notably, a functional cholinergic system exists in oral epithelial cells, and nicotinic AChR (nAChR) mediates cholinergic anti-inflammatory responses. However, the pathophysiological roles of AChR in periodontitis are unclear. Here, we show that activation of AChR elicits increased cytosolic $Ca^{2+}([Ca^{2+}]_i)$, transient cytotoxicity, and induction of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) expression. Intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ mobilization in human gingival fibroblast-1 (hGF-1) cells was measured using the fluorescent $Ca^{2+}$ indicator, fura-2/AM. Cytotoxicity and induction of gene expression were evaluated by measuring the release of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and RT-PCR. Activation of AChR in hGF-1 cells by carbachol (Cch) induced $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ increase in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with a high concentration of Cch on hGF-1 cells caused transient cytotoxicity. Notably, treatment of hGF-1 cells with Cch resulted in upregulated RANKL expression. The findings may indicate potential roles of AChR in gingival fibroblast cells in bone remodeling.

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References

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