Wind and Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Evaluation of wind loads and wind induced responses of a super-tall building by large eddy simulation

  • Lu, C.L. (College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University) ;
  • Li, Q.S. (Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong) ;
  • Huang, S.H. (School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China) ;
  • Tuan, Alex Y. (Department of Civil Engineering, Tamkang University) ;
  • Zhi, L.H. (College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University) ;
  • Su, Sheng-chung (Central Weather Bureau)
  • Received : 2015.01.05
  • Accepted : 2016.07.19
  • Published : 2016.10.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Taipei 101 Tower, which has 101 stories with height of 508 m, is located in Taipei where typhoons and earthquakes commonly occur. It is currently the second tallest building in the world. Therefore, the dynamic performance of the super-tall building under strong wind actions requires particular attentions. In this study, Large Eddy Simulation (LES) integrated with a new inflow turbulence generator and a new sub-grid scale (SGS) model was conducted to simulate the wind loads on the super-tall building. Three-dimensional finite element model of Taipei 101 Tower was established and used to evaluate the wind-induced responses of the high-rise structure based on the simulated wind forces. The numerical results were found to be consistent with those measured from a vibration monitoring system installed in the building. Furthermore, the equivalent static wind loads on the building, which were computed by the time-domain and frequency-domain analysis, respectively, were in satisfactory agreement with available wind tunnel testing results. It has been demonstrated through the validation studies that the numerical framework presented in this paper, including the recommended SGS model, the inflow turbulence generation technique and associated numerical treatments, is a useful tool for evaluation of the wind loads and wind-induced responses of tall buildings.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : National Natural Science Foundation of China

References

  1. Baker, CJ. (2007), "Wind engineering-past, present and future", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 95(9-11), 843-870. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2007.01.011
  2. Cheung, J.C.K. and Holmes, J.D., Melbourne, W.H., Lakshmanan, N. and Bowditch, P. (1997), "Pressures on a 1/10 scale model of the Texas Tech Building", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 69-71, 529-538. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(97)00183-9
  3. Cochran, L.S. and Cermak, J.E. (1992), "Full- and model-scale cladding pressures on the Texas Tech University experimental buildings", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 43(1-3), 1589-1600. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(92)90374-J
  4. Huang, S.H. and Li, Q.S. (2010), "A new dynamic one-equation subgrid-scale model for large eddy simulations", Int. J. Numer. Meth. Eng., 81(7), 835-865. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.2715
  5. Huang, S.H., Li, Q.S. and Xu, S. (2007), "Numerical evaluation of wind effects on a tall steel building by CFD", J. Constr. Steel Res., 63(5), 612-627. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2006.06.033
  6. Huang, S.H., Li. Q.S. and Wu, J.R. (2010), "A general inflow turbulence generator for large eddy simulation", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 98(10-11), 600-617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2010.06.002
  7. International Standards Organization Wind Load Committee (1987), Proposal for wind loading standard, ISO TC 98/SC3/WG2, 1987.
  8. Jeary, AP. (1986), "Damping in tall buildings, a mechanism and a predictor", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 14(5), 773-750.
  9. Kajishima, T. and Nomachi, T. (2006), "One-equation subgrid scale model using dynamic procedure for the energy production", J. Appl. Mech. T. - ASME, 73(3), 368-373. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2164509
  10. Kim, W.W. and Menon, S. (1997), Application of the localized dynamic subgrid-scale model to turbulent with wall-bounded flows, Technical report AIAA-97-0210. Reno(NV): American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 35th Aerospance Sciences Meeting.
  11. Li Q.S., Zhi, L.H. and Hu, F. (2010), "Boundary layer wind structure from observation on a 325 m tower", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 98(12), 818-832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2010.08.001
  12. Li, Q.S., Xiao, Y.Q. and Wong, C.K. (2005), "Full-scale monitoring of typhoon effects on super tall buildings", J. Fluid. Struct., 20(5), 697-717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2005.04.003
  13. Li, Q.S., Xiao, Y.Q., Wu, J.R., Fu, J.Y. and Li, Z.N. (2008), "Typhoon effects on super-tall buildings", J. Sound Vib., 313(3-5), 581-602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2007.11.059
  14. Li, Q.S., Zhi, L.H. and Hu, F. (2009), "Field monitoring of boundary layer wind characteristics in urban area", Wind Struct., 12(6), 553-574. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2009.12.6.553
  15. Li,Q.S and Melbourne, W.H. (1996), "Pressure fluctuations on The Texas Tech Building model in various turbulent flows", Proceedings of Bluff Body Aerodynamics and Application, Blacksburg, AIX9-AIX12.
  16. Littler, J.D. and Ellis, B.R. (1992), "Full scale measurements to determine the response of Hume Point to wind loading", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 42(1-3), 1085-1096. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(92)90115-Q
  17. Murakami, S. (1998), "Overview of turbulence models applied in CWE-1997", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 74-76, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(98)00004-X
  18. Nicoud, F. and Ducros, F. (1999), "Subgrid-scale stress modeling based on the square of the velocity gradient tensor flow", Turbul. Combustion, 62(3), 183-200. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009995426001
  19. Nozawa, K. and Tamura, T. (2002), "Large eddy simulation of the flow around a low-rise building immersed in a rough-wall turbulent boundary layer", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 90(10), 1151-1162. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(02)00228-3
  20. Nozawa, K. and Tamura, T. (2005), "Large eddy simulation of wind flows over large roughness elements", In:Proceedings of EACWE4 2005.
  21. Ohkuma, T., Marukawa, H., Niihori, Y. and Kato, N. (1991), "Full-scale measurement of wind pressures and response accelerations of a high-rise building", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 38(2-3), 185-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(91)90040-4
  22. Okada, H. and Ha, Y.C. (1992), "Comparison of wind tunnel and full-scale pressure measurement tests on the Texas Tech building", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 43(1-3), 1601-1612. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(92)90375-K
  23. Research Institute of Building & Construction (1999), Report on the structural design scheme of Taipei 101. Evengreen Consulting Engineering, Inc, Taipei.
  24. Rowan Williams Davies and Irwin Inc. (1999), "Wind-induced structural responses cladding wind loads study".
  25. Shiau, B.S. (2000), "Velocity spectra and turbulence statistics at the northeastern coast of Taiwan under high-wind conditions", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 88(2-3), 139-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(00)00045-3
  26. Stathopoulos, T. (19997), "Computational wind engineering: past achievements and future challenges", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 67-68, 509-532. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(97)00097-4
  27. Tracy, K.C. and Pirnia, J.D. (2007), "Dynamic behavior of tall buildings under wind: insights from full-scale monitoring", Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build., 16, 471-486. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.415
  28. Tracy, K.C., Pirnia, J.D., Bashor, P.R., Kareem, A., Kilpatrick, J., Young, B., Galsworthy, J., Isyumov, N., Morrish, D. and Bake, W. (2007), "Full-scale performance evaluation of tall buildings under winds", Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Wind Engineering, Cairns.

Cited by

  1. Wind-Induced Response of an L-Shaped Cable Support Glass Curtain Wall vol.2017, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4163045
  2. Non-Gaussian approach for equivalent static wind loads from wind tunnel measurements vol.25, pp.6, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2017.25.6.589
  3. Analytical and experimental fatigue analysis of wind turbine tower connection bolts vol.31, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2020.31.1.1