DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

주왕산국립공원 내 훼손지의 5년간(2010~2014년) 식물상 변화

Change of Flora of Damaged Land in Juwangsan National Park for Five Years (2010~2014)

  • 유주한 (동국대학교 경주캠퍼스 조경학과) ;
  • 김미진 (국립공원관리공단 주왕산사무소)
  • You, Juhan (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Dongguk University-Gyeongju) ;
  • Kim, Mijin (Juwangsan National Park Office, Korea National Park Service)
  • 투고 : 2016.06.07
  • 심사 : 2016.08.03
  • 발행 : 2016.08.31

초록

본 연구는 주왕산국립공원 내 훼손지의 식물상을 조사 및 분석하여 국립공원의 관리를 위한 기초 자료 제공에 목적이 있다. 훼손지 발생 원인의 경우 조사구 1은 답압에 의한 식생 훼손, 조사구 2, 3, 4는 광암사 철거, 조사구 5, 6, 7은 내원마을 철거에 의해 발생된 것으로 전체 조사구는 인위적 교란과 간섭에 의한 것이다. 출현 식물상은 52과 109속 116종 2아종 17변종 등 135분류군이며, 조사구별 식물상 현황은 조사구 6이 가장 많은 52분류군, 조사구 1은 가장 적은 23분류군이다. 희귀식물은 1분류군, 특산식물은 4분류군, 식물구계학적 특정식물은 10분류군, 귀화식물은 9분류군, 생태계교란식물은 1분류군이다. 식피율 변화 분석 결과, 관목층의 경우 조사구 7이 $0%{\rightarrow}50%$, 초본층의 경우 조사구 5가 $75%{\rightarrow}95%$로 가장 많이 변하였다. 종수 변화의 경우 대부분 조사구에서 증가하는 경향을 보여 천이에 의해 다양한 종이 이입 또는 발생된 것이다. 이는 시간의 흐름에 따라 천이가 진행되어 발생된 것으로 주변 자연식생과 유사하게 회복되고 있다고 생각된다. 우점종의 경우 관목층은 쇠물푸레나무, 싸리, 붉나무, 조록싸리, 버드나무, 등, 느티나무가, 초본층은 억새, 주름조개풀, 쑥, 바랭이새, 개망초이다. 귀화율과 도시화지수 분석 결과, 귀화율은 시간의 경과에 따라 증감 현상이 있었으며, 도시화지수는 대부분 증가 추세를 보였다. 특히 도시화지수의 증가는 천이과정 상 선구식물인 귀화식물이 지속적으로 이입되었기 때문이다.

The purpose of this study is to offer the basic data for management of National Park by surveying and analysing the change of flora of damaged lands in Juwangsan National Park, Korea. In cause of occurring the damaged lands, site-1 was the vegetation damage by stamping, the removing Gwangamsa of site-2, 3, 4 and the removing Naewon village of site-5, 6, 7. Whole sites are caused by the artificial disturbance and interference. The numbers of flora were summarized as 135 taxa including 52 families, 109 genera, 116 species, 2 subspecies and 17 varieties in whole sites. The status of flora by sites, site-6 is the largest number of 52 taxa, site-1 is the lowest of 23 taxa. The rare plant is 1 taxa, 4 taxa of endemic plants, 10 taxa of specific plants by floristic region, 9 taxa of naturalized plants and 1 taxa of invasive alien plant. In the results of analysis about the change of coverage ratio, for this shrub layer, site-7 was changed to the most $0%{\rightarrow}50%$, and the herb layer, site-5 was changed to the most $75%{\rightarrow}95%$. In case of the change of species numbers, most sites tended to increase in the sites introduced different species or generated by the growth. It is contemplated that is similar to the restoration with the surrounding natural vegetation that is in progress is a transition occurs with the passage of time. In the dominant species, the shrub layer is Fraxinus sieboldiana, Lespedeza bicolor, Rhus javanica, Lespedezamaximowiczii, Salix koreensis and Zelkova serrata, and Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens, Oplismenus undulatifolius, Artemisia princeps, Bothriochloa ischaemum and Erigeron annuus of herb layer. In the results of analysing Naturalized Index(NI) and Urbanized Index(UI), NI was increased or decreased this phenomenon with the lapse of time, UI was the most increase. In particular, the increase in UI is due to the transition process, the pioneering plant, naturalized plant was imported to continue.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Braun-Blanquet J. 1964. Pflanzensozilolgie. 3rd Ed. Springer.
  2. Cha SH, Kim WH, Kim JH. 2002. Effects of some environmental factors on the germination of seeds in Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior. Korean J. Ecol. 25(3): 163-170. [Korean Literature]
  3. Cheon KI, Chun JH, Yang HM, Lim JH, Shin JH. 2014. Changes of understory vegetation structure for 10 years in long-term ecological research site at Mt. Gyebang. J. Korean For. Soc. 103(1): 1-11. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.14578/jkfs.2014.103.1.1
  4. Cho HJ. 2005. Forest vegetation structures and successional trends in Young-il soil erosion control distirct. Jour. Korean For. Soc. 94(6): 453-461. [Korean Literature]
  5. Cho KJ. 2006. The National Park concept, impairment by users, and conservation: the application of an alternative interpretive model for conservation. The Journal of Korean Institute of Forest Recreation. 10(4): 51-66. [Korean Literature]
  6. Chung SH, Hwang KM, Kim JH. 2014. Ecological interpretation and estimation of successional trend by characteristics of species diversity and topography for forest cover types in the natural forest of Western Jirisan. J. Korean For. Soc. 103(4): 537-546. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.14578/jkfs.2014.103.4.537
  7. Huh J, Kim DS, Joo SH, Kim CS, Ahn MJ. 2007. The visual preference for damaged mountainous landscape. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture. 35(4): 71-80. [Korean Literature]
  8. Jang GS, Jeon SW, Kim SS. 2008. Analyzing characteristics of forest damage within the Geum-buk Mountain range. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture. 36(5): 55-63. [Korean Literature]
  9. Joe SH, Kim KD. 2008. Comparisons between a forest road with a coniferous plantation and distributed vegetation on the edge of a forest, and reclaimed soil seed bank. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 22(4): 409-419. [Korean Literature]
  10. Kang BH, Shim SI, Ma KH. 2003. Floristic composition of plant community in setaside fields with regard to seral stages. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture. 22(1): 53-59. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2003.22.1.053
  11. Kang HK, Bang KJ. 2001. Vegetation structure and restoration model for naturalness of Robinia pseudo-acacia forest in the case of Korean national capital region. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 15(2): 159-172. [Korean Literature]
  12. Kim DH, Lee DH, Kim HS, Kim SI. 2015. Effects of special protection area designation on soil properties and vegetation coverage of degraded trails. J. Korean For. Soc. 104(3): 352-359. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.14578/jkfs.2015.104.3.352
  13. Kim GT, Kim JS, Choo GC, Um TW. 1995. Studies on the structure of forest community at nature conservation area in Chuwangsan National Park. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 8(2): 135-141. [Korean Literature]
  14. Korea National Arboretum, The Plant Taxonomic Society of Korea. 2007. A Synonymics List of Vascular Plants in Korea. Korea National Arboretum. pp. 534. [Korean Literature]
  15. Korea National Arboretum. 2005. Endemic Vascular Plants in the Korean Peninsula. Korea National Arboretum. pp. 206. [Korean Literature]
  16. Korea National Arboretum. 2008. Rare Plants Data Book in Korea. Korea National Arboretum. pp. 332. [Korean Literature]
  17. Korea National Park Research Institute. 2008. Investigation on the Natural Resource of the Juwangsan National Park. Korea National Park Research Institute. pp. 73-98. [Korean Literature]
  18. Korea National Park Service. 2013. 2013 Manual of Monitoring in Special Field. Korea National Park Service. pp. 22-29. [Korean Literature]
  19. Korea National Park Service. 2014. 2014 Basic Statistics of National Park. Korea National Park Service. pp. 201-202. [Korean Literature]
  20. Lee CS, Park HS, You YH, Hong SK. 1998. A study on vegetation succession in abandoned paddy fields. J. Nat. Sci. Inst., Seoul Women's Univ. 10: 29-43. [Korean Literature]
  21. Lee DK, Song WK, Jeon SW, Sung HC, Son DY. 2007. Deforestation patterns analysis of the Baekdudaegan Mountain Range. J. Korean Env. Res. & Reveg. Tech. 10(4): 41-53. [Korean Literature]
  22. Lee HC, Hwang IC, Lim DO, Chung CW. 2011. The specific plant species and conservation of Juwangsan National Park, Korea. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 25(4): 498-515. [Korean Literature]
  23. Lee HH, Lee JH, Park KY, Jang JW. 2014. Two years monitoring of vegetation changes in torrential stream restoration site. J. Korean For. Soc. 103(2): 240-247. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.14578/jkfs.2014.103.2.240
  24. Lee KS, Kim JH. 1998. Test of intermediate disturbance hypothesis by experimental disturbance gradient in old-field plant community. Korean J. Ecol. 21(3): 233-241. [Korean Literature]
  25. Lee KS. 2006. Changes of species diversity and development of vegetation structure during abandoned field succession after shifting cultivation in Korea. J. Ecol. Field Biol. 29(3): 227-235. https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2006.29.3.227
  26. Lee NY, Na KT, Noh JM, Shim SY. 2015. Estimation of carbon storage in a forest ecosystem at Mudeungsan Mt. National Park, Korea. Journal of National Park Research. 6(1): 1-6. [Korean Literature]
  27. Lee TB. 2003a. Coloured Flora of Korea. Vol. I. Hyangmusa. pp. 914. [Korean Literature]
  28. Lee TB. 2003b. Coloured Flora of Korea. Vol. II. Hyangmusa. pp. 910. [Korean Literature]
  29. Ministry of Environment. 2012. A Guide to the 4th National Natural Environment Research. Ministry of Environment. pp. 185-215. [Korean Literature]
  30. National Institute of Environmental Research. 2012. Ecosystem Disturbance Species. National Institute of Environmental Research. pp. 168. [Korean Literature]
  31. Oh HK, Sagong JH, You JH. 2011. Analysis on environmental indices and naturalized plants distributed in Gyeryong-si, Korea. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 25(4): 479-489. [Korean Literature]
  32. Park KH, Yang JY, Kim IT. 2012. A study on endangered plants of Korea National Park. Journal of National Park Research. 3(4): 95-103. [Korean Literature]
  33. Park SH. 2009a. A study on vegetation restoration changes at damaged area in alpine zone of five National Park in Korea. Ph.D. dissertation. Sunchon National University, Sunchon. [Korean Literature]
  34. Park SH. 2009b. New Illustrations and Photographs of Naturalized Plants of Korea. Ilchokak. pp. 575. [Korean Literature]
  35. Ryu HJ, Park SH, Chang KS, Choi HS, Ha SG, Lee HJ, Lee YM. 2013. Distribution of vascular plants in Is. Yeonpyeongdo regions. Korean J. Environ. Ecol. 27(2): 147-169. [Korean Literature]
  36. Song JS, Song SD. 1996. A phytosociological study on the riverside vegetation around Hanchon, an upper stream of Nak-tong River. Korean J. Ecol. 19(5): 431-451. [Korean Literature]
  37. Song JS. 1997. A phytosociological study on the weed communities in the cultivated and abandoned fields of Korea. Korean J. Ecol. 20(3): 191-200. [Korean Literature]
  38. Song JS. 2001. A phytosiciological study of the shrubby and herbaceous vegetation of the riverside in the upper stream of Nak-dong River, Korea. Kor. J. Env. Eco. 15(2): 104-117. [Korean Literature]
  39. Sung HC, Kim SR, Kang DI, Seo JY, Lee SM. 2016. Analysis on the type of damaged land in DeMilitarized Zone(DMZ) area and restoration direction. J. Korean Env. Res. Tech. 19(1): 185-193. [Korean Literature]
  40. Yeom SJ. 2015. Basic study on damaged area types and improvement idea of the National Park. Journal of Environmental Science International. 24(11): 1405-1415. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2015.24.11.1405
  41. Yim YJ, Jeon ES. 1980. Distribution of Naturalized Plants in the Korean Peninsula. Korean J. Botany. 23(3-4): 69-83. [Korean Literature]
  42. You JH, Kwon SY. 2015. Flora distributed in Mt. Gumi District, Gyeongju National Park. Korean J. Plant Res. 28(4): 511-525. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2015.28.4.511
  43. You JH, Mun SJ, Lee WS. 2011. Management plan and vascular plants of the Hwarang district in Gyeongju National Park. J. Korean Env. Res. Tech. 14(5): 17-35. [Korean Literature]
  44. You JH, Park KH, Yoon YC. 2010. Distributional characteristics and management device of naturalized plants in Naedong Stream, Changwon-si. Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture 38(4): 96-105. [Korean Literature]
  45. You JH, Seo JK, Jung SG. 2013. Analysis on characteristics of distribution of specific plants in Juwangsan National Park, Korea. Journal of Environmental Science International. 22(7): 873-884. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2013.22.7.873

피인용 문헌

  1. Vascular Plants Distributed in Baekdudaegan Mountains (Gitdaebaegibong~Mt. Cheonghwasan) vol.32, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2018.32.1.1
  2. 낙동정맥에 분포하는 관속식물상 - 백병산, 칠보산, 백암산, 운주산, 고헌산, 구덕산을 중심으로 - vol.20, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.13087/kosert.2017.20.5.15
  3. 백두대간 강원도 4개 권역의 관속식물상 - 오대산, 대관령~석병산, 청옥산~덕항산, 금대봉~태백산 권역을 중심으로- vol.21, pp.4, 2018, https://doi.org/10.13087/kosert.2018.21.4.43
  4. 훼손된 도시생태계 생태복원 평가지표 제시 및 복원성과 분석 vol.22, pp.6, 2016, https://doi.org/10.13087/kosert.2019.22.6.97
  5. Comparative Study on Flora Characteristics and Species Diversity on Dam Slopes for Sustainable Ecological Management: Cases of Eight Dams in Korea vol.10, pp.12, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3390/land10121403