Journal of Wetlands Research (한국습지학회지)

Korean Wetlands Society (한국습지학회)
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Characteristics of stormwter runoff from highways with unit traffic volume

고속도로 자동차 통행량에 따른 강우유출수 유출 특성 분석

  • Choi, Jiyeon (National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Hong, Jungsun (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kongju National University) ;
  • Kang, Heeman (Korea Expressway Corporation Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Lee-Hyung (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kongju National University)
  • 최지연 (국립환경과학원 물환경연구부 유역총량연구과) ;
  • 홍정선 (공주대학교 건설환경공학과) ;
  • 강희만 (한국도로공사 도로교통연구원 환경연구실) ;
  • 김이형 (공주대학교 건설환경공학과)
  • Received : 2016.06.23
  • Accepted : 2016.08.04
  • Published : 2016.08.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to analyze the runoff characteristics of the highway depending on the number of vehicles and to provide the installation proposal of an NPS pollution reduction facility. There were a total of 5 monitoring sites used for the study namely, Gyeongbu, Seohaean, Honam and Tongyeoung Dageon highway. Monitoring events started from 2006 until 2015 having a total of 44 storm events. According to monitoring statistics, the average antecedent dry days (ADD) and rainfall was 6.2 days and 19.2 mm, respectively. The Gyeongbu Highway (H-4) was recorded having the highest Average Daily Traffic and Catchment Area (ADT/CA) with $49.4car/day{\cdot}m^2$ while other site were less than $10car/day{\cdot}m^2$. The average concentration of the NPS pollutants generated from monitoring sites were 63.5 mg/L(TSS), 24.9 mg/L(BOD), 3.35 mg/L(TN), 0.63 mg/L(TP) and 298 ug/L(Total Zn). This exhibited lower values in comparison to the remarks of highway related runoff EMC values published in Korea. Moreover, through the results of the correlation analysis between the contaminant concentration and ADT/CA, $R^2$ value of SS showed the highest correlation with 585. Through the correlation equation between ADT/CA and EMC of TSS, when there is 73.7 mg/L of TSS EMC found from a domestic highway, ADT/CA ratio is normally $13car/day{\cdot}m^2$. Therefore, in a case of more than 13 cars passing through a certain area, the area can be considered and present as the point of generation of nonpoint source pollutants. Also, in this study, since it considered a unit area ADT indicated in previous studies, it was determined that it has a high applicability and utilization in generalized units than conventional study which were conventionally done.

본 연구는 수질 및 수생태계 보전에 관한 법 53조2항에 해당하는 고속도로에서의 효과적인 비점오염관리를 위해 자동차 운행대수에 따른 고속도로의 강우유출 특성을 분석하여 비점오염 저감시설 설치 방안을 제공하고자 수행하였다. 연구대상지점은 총 5지점으로 경부, 서해안, 호남 및 통영대전 고속도로로 지점에 따라 2006~2008년과 2015년에 총 44회의 강우사상을 대상으로 모니터링을 수행하였다. 모니터링 결과, 평균 선행건기일수(ADD)는 6.2일, 평균 강우량은 19.2 mm로 조사되었다. 단위면적당 일평균 차량 통행량(ADT/CA)의 경우 경부고속도로 지점인 H-4에서 49.4대/$day{\cdot}m^2$으로 가장 높았으며 다른 지점의 경우 10대/$day{\cdot}m^2$미만으로 조사되었다. 조사대상 지점에서 발생되는 비점오염물질의 농도는 평균적으로 TSS는 63.5 mg/L, BOD는 24.9 mg/L, TN은 3.35 mg/L, TP는 0.63 mg/L, Total Zn은 298 ug/L로 국내에서 발표된 고속도로 관련 강우유출수 EMC 값보다 비교적 낮게 조사되었다. 한편, 조사대상지점의 오염물질 농도와 ADT/CA간의 상관관계 분석결과, SS에서 $R^2$값이 0.585로 가장 높은 상관성을 나타냈다. ADT/CA와 TSS EMC 와의 상관관계식을 통하여 국내 고속도로 평균 TSS EMC가 73.7 mg/L일 때 ADT/CA는 13 대/일${\cdot}m^2$으로 이를 기준으로 단위면적당 차량의 통행량이 13대보다 높을 경우 입자상 물질의 발생량이 높은 지역으로 고려, 비점오염관리가 필요한 지역으로 제시할 수 있으며 본 연구에서는 선행연구에서 제시된 ADT에 단위면적을 고려하였기에 기존에 수행되었던 연구보다 일반화된 단위로 활용도 및 적용성이 높을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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