Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Distribution, Life History and Growth Characteristics of the Utricularia japonica Makino in the East Coastal Lagoon, Korea

동해안의 석호에서 통발의 분포, 생활사 그리고 생장 특성

  • Jeong, Yeon-In (Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Hong, Bo-Ram (Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Kim, Young-Chul (Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Lee, Kyu-Song (Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
  • 정연인 (강릉원주대학교 자연과학대학 생물학과) ;
  • 홍보람 (강릉원주대학교 자연과학대학 생물학과) ;
  • 김영철 (강릉원주대학교 자연과학대학 생물학과) ;
  • 이규송 (강릉원주대학교 자연과학대학 생물학과)
  • Received : 2016.02.18
  • Accepted : 2016.05.30
  • Published : 2016.06.30
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Abstract

In order to obtain scientific information for the conservation of Utricularia japonica Makino, rare plant species, we investigated life history, phenology, growth and distribution in the east coastal region of Korea. Seven habitats of U. japonica were confirmed in this study. Turion of U. japonica rests overwinter at the bottom and ripens at the water surface and then usually germinate and sprout when the water warms in spring. A single shoot grown from turion divided into several shoots. Shoot decomposition started in October and formed a new turion at the end of the decomposed shoot. Flowering period was from early July to late October. Percentage of flowering ramets was significantly low as 6.3%. U. japonica showed the fastest growth rate from April to July, the maximum growth in August and the highest biomass in October. U. japonica tended to be concentrated in larger ramets in the water depth of 50 cm~150 cm in Cheonjin lake. The main factors affecting the growth of U. japonica were water temperature and turbidity. The establishment and growth of U. japonica in Cheonjin lake were determined by responses to water temperature with seasonal change and to light conditions caused by the different plants. These conditions affect the temporal and spatial distribution of U. japonica and population change. The findings of this study would be helpful to provide the basic information needed for the conservation and restoration of U. japonica.

천진호에서 희귀식물인 통발의 입지요인, 생활사, 식물 계절 현상, 생장 및 공간분포 특성을 조사하였다. 본 연구에서 통발의 서식지 7곳을 확인하였다. 통발은 결빙기에 월동아로 바닥에 가라앉아 있다가 이듬해 해빙기에 수면 위로 떠올라 발아하였다. 발아한 월동아는 하나의 줄기로 자라다가 분지하였고, 10월부터 줄기가 분해되면서 새로운 월동아를 형성하였다. 개화기는 7월 말부터 10월 초까지 지속되었다. 개화율은 6.3%로 상당히 낮았다. 통발은 4월부터 6월까지 빠른 생장률을 보였고, 8월에는 최대 생육기를 보였으며, 10월에는 최대로 생장하였다. 통발은 개방된 수역의 수심 50 cm~150 cm에서 큰 개체들이 밀생하였다. 천진호의 통발은 수온, 빛 및 양분에 영향을 미치는 다른 식물에 의해 부착과 생장에 영향을 받는다. 따라서 수환경과 다른 생물요인들이 통발 개체군의 시공간적 분포를 결정한다고 할 수 있다. 인간의 간섭이 큰 천진호에서 통발 개체군을 보전하고 관리하기 위해서는 천진호의 환경을 통발이 요구하는 최적 조건으로 유지하기 위한 체계적이고 종합적인 관리대책이 필요하다. 이러한 결과들은 천진호의 통발 개체군을 보전하고 관리하는 데 그리고 희귀식물인 통발 개체군의 복원에 유용한 자료로 활용될 것이다.

Keywords

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