Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design (대한건축학회논문집:계획계)

Architectural Institute of Korea (대한건축학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

How Visibility Related Physical Elements of Street affects Burglary? - in Low-rise Residential areas -

가로의 가시성이 주거침입절도에 미치는 영향 분석 - 저층주거지역을 중심으로 -

  • Received : 2015.07.02
  • Accepted : 2016.06.30
  • Published : 2016.07.30
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the effects of street-level visibility on the occurrence of burglaries in multi-family and multi-unit housing areas and provide an evidence-based understanding that would be useful in predicting future crime at finer scales than are usually considered in previous studies. For this, streets in the multi-family and multi-unit housing areas in Seoul, were set as the basic units of analysis, and data on burglaries in the area over 12 month period in 2010 were collected. Considering building, street, spatial and behavior characteristics of street components as independent variables to explain street-level visibility, we carry out visibility graph analysis (VGA), field survey and pedestrian volume counting. The results from multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrate that it is connectivity, volume of pedestrian, rate of the front entrance and visual control that have positive effects on burglary rates, while Integration, whether the CCTV, average of the window and clustering coefficient have negative effects. We discuss further how these empirical results can shed new light on crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) principles as well as on our understanding of burglary behaviors in multi-family and multi-unit housing areas.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 한국연구재단

References

  1. Abdullah, A., Marzbali, M. H., & Tilaki, M. J. M. (2013). Predicting the influence of CPTED on perceived neighbourhood cohesion: Considering differences across age. Journal of environmental psychology, 36, 54-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2013.06.005
  2. Baran, P. K., Smith, W. R., & Toker, U. (2007). The space and crime: Evidence from a suburban community. 6th International space syntax symposium.
  3. Chang, D. (2009). Social crime or spatial crime? Exploring the effects of social, economical, and spatial factors on burglary rates. Environment and behavior.
  4. Choi, Y., & Kang, I. (1993). Spatial structure of crime in apartment sites. Journal of architectural institute of Korea, 58('93.8), 25-33.
  5. Choi, J., & Jo, H. (2010). A study on the form-element of buildings affecting in street spaces. Journal of the Korean association of geographic information studies, 13(1), 16-27.
  6. Desyllas J., Connoly, P., & Hebbert, F. (2003). Modelling natural surveillance. Environment and planning B, 30(5), 643-656. https://doi.org/10.1068/b2991
  7. Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS. Sage publications.
  8. Foster, S., Giles-Corti, B., & Knuiman, M. (2011). Creating safe walkable streetscapes: Does house design and up keep discourage incivilities in suburban neighbourhoods?. Journal of environmental psychology, 31(1), 79-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.03.005
  9. Greenberg, S. W., Rohe, W. M., & Williams, J. R. (1982). Safety in urban neighborhoods: A comparison of physical characteristics and informal territorial control in high and low crime neighborhoods. Population and environment, 5(3), 141-165. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01257054
  10. Hillier, B. (2003). The knowledge that shapes the city: the human city beneath the social city. 4th International space syntax symposium.
  11. Hillier, B. (2004). Can streets be made safe?. Urban design international, 9(1), 31-45. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.udi.9000079
  12. Hillier, B., & Hanson, J. (1984). The social logic of space. Cambridge university press.
  13. Hillier, B., Penn, A., Hanson, J., Grajewski, T., & Xu, J. (1993). Natural movement-or, configuration and attraction in urban pedestrian movement. Environment and planning B, 20(1), 29-66. https://doi.org/10.1068/b200029
  14. Hillier, B., & Shu, S. (2000). 12. Crime and urban layout: The need for evidence. Secure foundations: Key issues in crime prevention, Crime reduction and community safety, 224.
  15. Jacobs, J (1961). The death and life of great American cities, NewYork, Vintage Books.
  16. Jang, K. R. (2014). A study of the correlation between visibility-related street components and residential burglaries in multi-family & multi-unit housing areas. Sejong university.
  17. Lockwood, D. (2007). Mapping crime in Savannah social disadvantage, land use, and violent crimes reported to the police. Social science computer review, 25(2), 194-209. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439307298935
  18. Minnery, J. R., & Lim, B. (2005). Measuring crime prevention through environmental design. Journal of architectural and planning research, 22(4), 330-341.
  19. Newman, O. (1972). Defensible space. New York: Macmillan.
  20. Park, H. H., Oh, G. S., & Paek, S. Y. (2012). Measuring the crime displacement and diffusion of benefit effects of open-street CCTV in South Korea. International journal of law, Crime and justice, 40(3), 179-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlcj.2012.03.003
  21. Reis, A. T., Dutra, M., & Zago, G. (2013). Effects of some segments features on residential crime in two boroughs. 9th International space syntax symposium.
  22. Takizawa, A. (2013). Emerging pattern based street crime analysis. Journal of environmental engineering, 78(686), 957-967. https://doi.org/10.3130/aije.78.957
  23. Takizawa, A., Koo, W., & Katoh, N. (2010). Discovering distinctive spatial patterns of snatch theft in Kyoto city with CAEP, Journal of asian architecture and building engineering, 9(1), 103-110. https://doi.org/10.3130/jaabe.9.103
  24. Turner, A., Doxa, M., O'sullivan, D., & Penn, A. (2001). From isovists to visibility graphs: a methodology for the analysis of architectural space. Environment and Planning B: Planning and design, 28(1), 103-121. https://doi.org/10.1068/b2684
  25. Wu, L., Liu, X., Ye, X., Leipnik, M., Lee, J., & Zhu, X. (2015). Permeability, space syntax, and the patterning of residential burglaries in urban China. Applied geography, 60, 261-265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.12.001