Korean Medical Education Review (의학교육논단)

Yonsei university college of medicine (연세대학교 의과대학)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Bedside Education Will Be More Important than Now in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

인공지능 시대에 더 중요해질 침상 옆 교육

  • Yeh, Byung-Il (Department of Medical Education, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine)
  • 예병일 (연세대학교 원주의과대학 의학교육학과)
  • Received : 2016.06.07
  • Accepted : 2016.06.20
  • Published : 2016.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The birth of the scientific revolution, brought forth by Vesalius and Copernicus in 1543, marked the beginning of a new age. However, the changes such as treatment effectiveness, survival rate, prevalence of specific diseases, etc. had not yet become clear during the 16th century. In the early 17th century, Boerhaave emphasized bedside teaching and practice. His attitude influenced numerous students and educators, so many medical students visited hospital wards where he worked. From the late 18th to 19th centuries, Jenner's smallpox vaccination, Pasteur's anthrax and rabies vaccinations, and Koch's four postulates used to detect pathogens were developed using the scientific research method, which initiated big changes for medicine. Flexner, credited for reporting the new medical education system, adopted scientific medicine. He believed medical students must study basic medical science since it could be the foundation of clinical medicine and lead to a revolution in the field. He proposed a new medical curriculum composed of two-years of basic medicine and two-years of clinical medicine, which has been used more than 100 years. During the late 20th century, bedside teaching rounds decreased gradually as scientific medicine has become popular. Many medical educators in many articles have proposed bedside education as an effective method for medical learning. Despite the advent of the age of artificial intelligence and the changing of medical environments in the near future, bedside education will be more useful and important for medical students, educators, and patients as it is a traditional method and essential for patients who desire a more personal approach.

Keywords

References

  1. Ackerknecht, E. H. (1979). Geschichte der Medizin (J. Hur, Trans.). Seoul: Minyoungsa.
  2. Carlos, W. G., Kritek, P. A., Clay, A. S., Luks, A. M., & Thomson, C. C. (2016). Teaching at the bedside: Maximal impact in minimal time. Ann Am Thorac Soc, 13(4), 545-548.
  3. Chapman, R., Wynter, L., Burgess, A., & Mellis, C. (2014). Can we improve the delivery of bedside teaching? Clin Teach, 11(6), 467-471. https://doi.org/10.1111/tct.12192
  4. Dewji, R., Dewji, A., & Gnanappiragasam, D. (2014). Back to basics: Tackling the challenges to bedside teaching. Adv Med Educ Pract, 6, 17-18.
  5. Digby, A. (1997). The patient's view. In I. Loudon (Eds.), Western medicine: An illustrated history (pp. 297). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  6. Domagk, G. (2016, May 31). Nobel foundation homepage. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1939/index.html
  7. Flexner, A. (2015). Medical education in the United States and Canada: A report to the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. New York, NY: Sagwan Press.
  8. Golub, E. S. (1994). The limits of medicine: How science shapes our hope for the cure (B. I. Yeh, Trans.). Seoul: Momgwamaeum.
  9. Jouanna, J. (1992). Hippocrates: Medicine and culture (M. B. DeBevoise, Trans.). Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  10. Jung. S. S., & Kim, S. Y. (2011). Experience of bedside teaching during clerkship in pulmonary medicine for improving clinical performance. Korean J Med Educ, 23(1), 41-47. https://doi.org/10.3946/kjme.2011.23.1.41
  11. K Ahmed, M. B. (2002). What is happening to bedside clinical teaching? Med Educ, 36(12), 1185-1188. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01372.x
  12. Khan, I. A. (2014). Bedside teaching-making it an effective instructional tool. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 26(3), 286-289.
  13. Kim, Y. J. & Lim, C. I. (2014). Characteristics and limitations of bedside teaching instructional models. Korean Med Educ Rev, 16(1), 25-31. https://doi.org/10.17496/kmer.2014.16.1.025
  14. Koehler, U., Hildebrandt, O., Koehler, J., & Nell, C. (2014). The pioneer of bedside teaching: Herman Boerhaave (1668-1738). Dtsch Med Wochenschr, 139(51-52), 2655-2659. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1387399
  15. Kuhn, T. (2012). The structure of scientific revolutions: 50th anniversary edition (4th ed.). Chicago, IL: University Of Chicago Press.
  16. Lichstein, P. R. (2015). Returning to the bedside: Notes from a clinical educator. N C Med J, 76(3), 174-179.
  17. Lloyd, G. E. R. (1974). Early Greek science: Thales to Aristotle (ancient culture and society) (new ed.). New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company.
  18. Longrigg, J. (1997). Medicine in the classical world. In I. Loudon (Eds.), Western medicine: An illustrated history (pp. 27-34). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  19. Moore, J. (2008). What Sir Luke Fildes’ 1887 painting The Doctor can teach us about the practice of medicine today. Br J Gen Pract, 58(548), 210-213. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp08X279571
  20. Peters, M., & Ten Cate, O. (2014). Bedside teaching in medical education: A literature review. Perspect Med Educ, 3(2), 76-88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40037-013-0083-y
  21. Ramirez, J., Singh, J., & Williams, A. A. (2016). Patient satisfaction with bedside teaching rounds compared with nonbedside rounds. South Med J, 109(2), 112-115. https://doi.org/10.14423/SMJ.0000000000000419
  22. Siegrist, H. R. (1970). The great doctor, a biographical history of medicine (J. E. Kim, Trans.). Seoul: Hyunin.
  23. Stolberg, M. (2014). Bedside teaching and the acquisition of practical skills in mid-sixteenth-century Padua. J Hist Med Allied Sci, 69(4), 633-661. https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrt015
  24. Stanford Medicine. (2016, May 31). Stanford Medicine 25: Promoting the culture of bedside medicine. Retrieved from http://stanfordmedicine25.stanford.edu
  25. Stone, M. J. (1995). The wisdom of Sir William Osler. Am J Cardiol, 75(4), 269-276. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(95)80034-P
  26. Thibault, G. E. (1997). Bedside rounds revisited. N Engl J Med, 336(16), 1174-1175. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199704173361610
  27. Verghese, A. (2016, May 31). Abraham Verghese: Doctor's touch: TED Global 2011. Retrieved from https://www.ted.com/talks/abraham_verghese_a_doctor_s_touch?language=ko
  28. Waksman, S. A. (2016, May 31). Nobel foundation homepage. Retrieved from http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1952/index.html
  29. Williams, K. N., Ramani, S., Frase, B., & Orlander, J. D. (2008). Improving bedside teaching: Findings from a focus group study of learners. Acad Med, 83(3), 257-264. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181637f3e
  30. Wilson, D. (1976). In search of penicillin. New York, NY: Knopf.
  31. Wilson, S. (1997). Tate Gallery: An illustrated companion. London: Tate Gallery Publishing.
  32. Wright, T. (2012). William Harvey: A life in circulation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  33. Yang, E., Suh, D. J., Lee, Y., Lee, S., Kim, S., Lee, E., ... Ahn, D. (2007). Status of clerkship education and its evaluation in Korean medical schools. Korean J Med Educ, 19(2), 111-121. https://doi.org/10.3946/kjme.2007.19.2.111
  34. Yeh, B. I. (2015). Medical humanities for healing. Seoul: Hankukmunhaksa.