Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Korean Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (대한자기공명의과학회)
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Alternating Acquisition Technique for Quantification of in vitro Hyperpolarized [1-13C] Pyruvate Metabolism

  • Yang, Seungwook (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Lee, Joonsung (Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Joe, Eunhae (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Lee, Hansol (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Song, Ho-Taek (Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Hyun (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University)
  • Received : 2016.02.03
  • Accepted : 2016.03.22
  • Published : 2016.03.30
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Abstract

Purpose: To develop a technique for quantifying the $^{13}C$-metabolites by performing frequency-selective hyperpolarized $^{13}C$ magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in vitro which combines simple spectrally-selective excitation with spectrally interleaved acquisition. Methods: Numerical simulations were performed with varying noise level and $K_p$ values to compare the quantification accuracies of the proposed and the conventional methods. For in vitro experiments, a spectrally-selective excitation scheme was enabled by narrow-band radiofrequency (RF) excitation pulse implemented into a free-induction decay chemical shift imaging (FIDCSI) sequence. Experiments with LDH / NADH enzyme mixture were performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed acquisition method. Also, a modified two-site exchange model was formulated for metabolism kinetics quantification with the proposed method. Results: From the simulation results, significant increase of the lactate peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) was observed. Also, the quantified $K_p$ value from the dynamic curves were more accurate in the case of the proposed acquisition method compared to the conventional non-selective excitation scheme. In vitro experiment results were in good agreement with the simulation results, also displaying increased PSNR for lactate. Fitting results using the modified two-site exchange model also showed expected results in agreement with the simulations. Conclusion: A method for accurate quantification of hyperpolarized pyruvate and the downstream product focused on in vitro experiment was described. By using a narrow-band RF excitation pulse with alternating acquisition, different resonances were selectively excited with a different flip angle for increased PSNR while the hyperpolarized magnetization of the substrate can be minimally perturbed with a low flip angle. Baseline signals from neighboring resonances can be effectively suppressed to accurately quantify the metabolism kinetics.

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References

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