The Korean journal of internal medicine

The Korean Association of Internal Medicine (대한내과학회)
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Opportunistic diseases among HIV-infected patients: a multicenter-nationwide Korean HIV/AIDS cohort study, 2006 to 2013

  • Kim, Youn Jeong (Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Woo, Jun Hee (Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Min Ja (Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Park, Dae Won (Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Song, Joon-Young (Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Shin Woo (Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Choi, Jun Yong (Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, June Myung (Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Han, Sang Hoon (Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Jin-Soo (Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University School of Medicine) ;
  • Choi, Bo Youl (Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Joo Shil (Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) ;
  • Kim, Sung-Soon (Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) ;
  • Kee, Mee-Kyung (Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) ;
  • Kang, Moon Won (Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Kim, Sang Il (Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea)
  • Received : 2014.10.22
  • Accepted : 2015.04.27
  • Published : 2016.09.01
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Abstract

Background/Aims: The frequencies of opportunistic diseases (ODs) vary across countries based on genetic, environmental, and social differences. The Korean HIV/AIDS cohort study was initiated in 2006 to promote research on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Korea, and to provide a logistical network to support multicenter projects on epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory aspects of HIV infection. This study evaluated the prevalence of ODs among HIV-infected patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, and the risk factors associated with ODs. Methods: The study enrolled 1,086 HIV-infected patients from 19 hospitals. This study examined the baseline data of the HIV/AIDS Korean cohort study at the time of enrollment from December 2006 to July 2013. Results: Candidiasis was the most prevalent opportunistic infection (n = 176, 16.2%), followed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (n = 120, 10.9%), Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (n = 121, 11.0%), cytomegalovirus infection (n = 52, 4.7%), and herpes zoster (n = 44, 4.0%). The prevalence rates of Kaposi's sarcoma (n = 8, 0.7%) and toxoplasmosis (n = 4, 0.4%) were very low compared with other countries. The risk factors for ODs were a low CD4 T cell count at the time of HIV diagnosis (odds ratio [OR], 1.01; p < 0.01), current smoking (OR, 2.27; p = 0.01), current alcohol use (OR, 2.57; p = 0.04), and a history of tuberculosis (OR, 5.23; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Using recent Korean nationwide data, this study demonstrated that an important predictor of ODs was a low CD4 T cell count at the time of HIV diagnosis. Tuberculosis remains one of the most important ODs in HIV-infected patients in Korea.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

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