DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A prospective cohort study of latent tuberculosis in adult close contacts of active pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Korea

  • Park, Sun Hyo (Department of Internal Medicine, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences Cancer Center) ;
  • Lee, Seung Jun (Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Cho, Yu Ji (Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Jeong, Yi Yeong (Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Ho Cheol (Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Jong Deog (Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Hee Jin (Korean Institute of Tuberculosis) ;
  • Menzies, Dick (Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University)
  • Received : 2015.04.09
  • Accepted : 2015.06.15
  • Published : 2016.05.01

Abstract

Background/Aims: The objective of this prospective study was to evaluate the diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in adult close contacts of active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients in Korea. Methods: Adult close contacts of active pulmonary TB patients were recruited at a regional tertiary hospital in Korea. The participants were tested for LTBI using the tuberculin skin test (TST) and/or QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT-G) test. LTBI patients, who consented to treatment, were randomly assigned to receive isoniazid for 9 months (9INH) or rifampin for 4 months (4RIF). Results: We examined 189 adult close contacts (> 18 years) of 107 active pulmonary TB patients. The TST and QFT-G were positive (${\geq}10mm$) in 75/183 (39.7%) and 45/118 (38.1%) tested participants, respectively. Among 88 TST or QFT-G positive LTBI participants, 45 participants were randomly assigned to receive 4RIF (n = 21) or 9INH (n = 24), respectively. The average treatment duration for the 4RIF and 9INH groups was $3.3{\pm}1.3$ and $6.1{\pm}2.7months$, respectively. Treatment was completed in 25 participants (4RIF, n = 16; 9INH, n = 9). LTBI participants who accepted treatment were more likely to be women and have more cavitary lesions on the chest radiographs of index cases and positive TST and QFT-G results compared to those who refused treatment. Conclusions: About 40% of adult close contacts of active pulmonary TB patients had LTBI; about 50% of these LTBI participants agreed to treatment.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Canadian Institutes of Health Research

References

  1. Raviglione MC, O'Brien RJ. Tuberculosis. In: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J, eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 18th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2012:1340-1359.
  2. World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report 2013. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2013.
  3. Lee SJ, Kim HS, Ma JE, et al. Tuberculin skin test and QuantiFERON-TB Gold assay before and after treatment for latent tuberculosis infection among health care workers in local tertiary hospital. Tuberc Respir Dis 2007;62:270-275. https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2007.62.4.270
  4. Lee K, Han MK, Choi HR, et al. Annual incidence of latent tuberculosis infection among newly employed nurses at a tertiary care university hospital. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2009;30:1218-1222. https://doi.org/10.1086/648082
  5. Song S, Jeon D, Won Kim J, et al. Performance of confirmatory interferon-gamma release assays in school TB outbreaks. Chest 2012;141:983-988. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.11-1158
  6. Park JS. Prevalence and risk factors for mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Tuberc Respir Dis 2012;72:140-148. https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2012.72.2.140
  7. National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (U.S.). Division of Tuberculosis Elimination; New Jersey Medical School Global Tuberculosis Institute. Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Guide for Primary Health Care Providers. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010.
  8. Horsburgh CR Jr. Priorities for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in the United States. N Engl J Med 2004;350:2060-2067. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsa031667
  9. Lee SH. Diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2015;78:56-63. https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2015.78.2.56
  10. Sokal JE. Editorial: measurement of delayed skin-test responses. N Engl J Med 1975;293:501-502. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM197509042931013
  11. Choi JC, Shin JW, Kim JY, Park IW, Choi BW, Lee MK. The effect of previous tuberculin skin test on the follow-up examination of whole-blood interferon-gamma assay in the screening for latent tuberculosis infection. Chest 2008;133:1415-1420. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.07-2193
  12. Brock I, Weldingh K, Lillebaek T, Follmann F, Andersen P. Comparison of tuberculin skin test and new specific blood test in tuberculosis contacts. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004;170:65-69. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200402-232OC
  13. Mori T, Sakatani M, Yamagishi F, et al. Specific detection of tuberculosis infection: an interferon-gamma-based assay using new antigens. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004;170:59-64. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200402-179OC
  14. Kang YA, Lee HW, Yoon HI, et al. Discrepancy between the tuberculin skin test and the whole-blood interferon gamma assay for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in an intermediate tuberculosis-burden country. JAMA 2005;293:2756-2761. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.293.22.2756
  15. Morrison J, Pai M, Hopewell PC. Tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection in close contacts of people with pulmonary tuberculosis in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2008;8:359-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(08)70071-9
  16. Jo KW, Jeon K, Kang YA, et al. Poor correlation between tuberculin skin tests and interferon-gamma assays in close contacts of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Respirology 2012;17:1125-1130. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1843.2012.02218.x
  17. Diel R, Loddenkemper R, Meywald-Walter K, Gottschalk R, Nienhaus A. Comparative performance of tuberculin skin test, QuantiFERON-TB-Gold In Tube assay, and T-Spot.TB test in contact investigations for tuberculosis. Chest 2009;135:1010-1018. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.08-2048
  18. Shanaube K, Hargreaves J, Fielding K, et al. Risk factors associated with positive QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube and tuberculin skin tests results in Zambia and South Africa. PLoS One 2011;6:e18206. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018206
  19. Arend SM, Thijsen SF, Leyten EM, et al. Comparison of two interferon-gamma assays and tuberculin skin test for tracing tuberculosis contacts. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007;175:618-627. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200608-1099OC
  20. Adetifa IM, Lugos MD, Hammond A, et al. Comparison of two interferon gamma release assays in the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease in The Gambia. BMC Infect Dis 2007;7:122. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-7-122
  21. de Souza-Galvao ML, Latorre I, Altet-Gomez N, et al. Correlation between tuberculin skin test and IGRAs with risk factors for the spread of infection in close contacts with sputum smear positive in pulmonary tuberculosis. BMC Infect Dis 2014;14:258. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-14-258
  22. Lee SJ, Lee SH, Kim YE, et al. Risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection in close contacts of active tuberculosis patients in South Korea: a prospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis 2014;14:566. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-014-0566-4
  23. Smith BM, Menzies D. Treatment of latent TB: first do no harm. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2011;9:491-493. https://doi.org/10.1586/eri.11.35
  24. Goswami ND, Gadkowski LB, Piedrahita C, et al. Predictors of latent tuberculosis treatment initiation and completion at a U.S. public health clinic: a prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 2012;12:468 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-468

Cited by

  1. 의료기관 종사자의 잠복결핵감염 유병률과 위험요인 분석 vol.21, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.7586/jkbns.2019.21.4.300
  2. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Healthcare Workers vol.24, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.14192/kjicp.2019.24.2.52
  3. Incidence of Tuberculosis in Systemic Necrotizing Vasculitides: A Population-Based Study From an Intermediate-Burden Country vol.7, pp.None, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2020.550004