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Influence of Application Rates of Dolomitic Lime in the Acid Substrate on the Reduction of Bicarbonate Injury during Vegetative Growth of the 'Seolhyang' Strawberry

산성 혼합상토의 고토석회 시비수준이 영양생장 중인 '설향' 딸기의 중탄산 피해 경감에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Hee Su (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science) ;
  • Choi, Jong Myung (Department of Horticultural Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Dae Young (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science) ;
  • Kim, Seung Yu (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science)
  • 이희수 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 최종명 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과) ;
  • 김대영 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 김승유 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과)
  • Received : 2015.07.14
  • Accepted : 2015.09.24
  • Published : 2016.04.30

Abstract

The objective of this research was to investigate the influence of application rates of dolomitic lime in the acid substrate on the mitigation of high bicarbonate damage in 'Seolhyang' strawberry. For this purpose, an acid substrate was formulated by mixing of sphagnum peat moss and pine bark with the ratio of 5:5 (v/v). The pH, EC and CEC of the substrate analyzed before application of dolomite were 4.07, $0.46dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, and $91.3cmol+/kg^{-1}$, respectively. To adjust the pH of substrate, various amounts of dolomitic lime [$CaMg(CO_3)_2$] such as 0 (control), 1, 2, 3, and $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ were added during substrate formulation. Then, seedlings with 3 leaf stage were transplanted as mother plants and those were fed with Hoagland solution containing $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of the $HCO_3{^-}$. The growth parameters of mother plants 140 days after transplanting, such as plant height, chlorophyll content, and fresh weight were the highest in the treatments of 2 and $3g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of dolomitic lime. The physiological disorders in mother plants were not observed in the 1, 2 and $3g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatments, but the symptoms of Ca, K and B deficiencies were observed in the 0 and $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatments. During the propagation period, the number of daughter plants derived from each mother plant were 21.0, 29.5, 35.8, 27.3 and 16.0 in the treatments of 0, 1, 2, 3 and $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$, respectively. The substrate pH during cultivation of mother plants were maintained at appropriate levels for the 1 and $2g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatments, whereas it was the highest in $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatment. The contents of macro- and micro-elements in the above ground tissue were the highest in $2g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and the lowest in $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ lime treatments. Above results suggest that the bicarbonate injury originated from ground water can be mitigated by adjusting the amount of dolomitic lime incorporated into the acid substrate.

산성 혼합상토에 대한 고토석회 시비수준 변화가 영양생장 중인 '설향' 딸기의 고농도 중탄산 피해 경감에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 피트모스와 수피를 5:5(v/v)로 혼합한 산성 상토를 조제하고 화학적 특성을 분석한 결과 pH 4.07, EC $0.46dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, CEC $91.3cmol+/kg^{-1}$였다. 산성 상토의 pH를 조정하기 위해 혼합된 고토석회[$CaMg(CO_3)_2$]의 양을 0(무처리), 1, 2, 3, 및 $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$으로 조절하고 모주를 정식하였으며, 재배기간 중 관개수의 중탄산 농도가 $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$으로 조절된 Hoagland 양액을 EC $0.6-0.7dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$로 조절하여 1일 또는 2일에 1회 공급하였다. 정식 140일 후 '설향' 딸기의 생육을 조사한 결과 고토석회를 2 및 $3g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 시비한 처리의 초장, 엽록소 함량 및 생체중 등 지상부 생육이 우수하였다. 고토석회 1, 2 및 $3g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구에서는 '설향' 딸기 모주에 특별한 생리장해 현상이 나타나지 않았고 정상적인 생육을 하였으나, 0 (무처리) 및 $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구에서는 Ca 및 K 결핍 증상이 발생하였다. '설향' 딸기의 모주당 발생한 자묘수는 고토석회 0, 1, 2, 3 및 $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구에서 각각 21.0, 29.5, 35.8, 27.3 및 16.0개체였으며, $2g{\cdot}L^{-1}$으로 시비한 처리구에서 자묘 발생이 가장 많았다. 모주 재배 중 근권부 pH는 1 및 $2g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구에서 5.6-6.2의 적정 범위였으며, $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구에서는 과도하게 상승하였다. '설향' 딸기 모주의 다량 및 미량원소 함량은 고토석회 $2g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구에서 가장 많았고, $4g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구에서 가장 적었다. 이상의 결과는 중탄산 농도가 높은 관개수로 '설향' 딸기를 수경재배할 때 산성을 띠는 상토의 선택과 고토석회 시비량 조절을 통해 피해를 경감시킬 수 있음을 나타낸다.

Keywords

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