Computers and Concrete

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Indoor and outdoor pullout tests for retrofit anchors in low strength concrete

  • Cavunt, Derya (Department of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University) ;
  • Cavunt, Yavuz S. (Department of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University) ;
  • Ilki, Alper (Department of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University)
  • Received : 2015.11.30
  • Accepted : 2016.07.01
  • Published : 2016.11.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, pullout capacities of post-installed deformed bars anchored in low strength concrete using different bonding materials are investigated experimentally. The experimental study was conducted under outdoor and indoor conditions; on the beams of an actual reinforced concrete building and on concrete bases constructed at Istanbul Technical University (ITU). Ready-mixed cement based anchorage mortar with modified polymers (M1), ordinary cement with modified polymer admixture (M2), and epoxy based anchorage mortar with two components (E) were used as bonding material. Furthermore, test results are compared with the predictions of current analytical models. Findings of the study showed that properly designed cement based mortars can be efficiently used for anchoring deformed bars in low quality concrete. It is important to note that the cost of cement based mortar is much lower with respect to conventional epoxy based anchorage materials.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)

References

  1. ACI Committee 318 (2011), "Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary (ACI 318M-11)", American Concrete Institute, USA.
  2. ACI Committee 355 (2011), "Qualification of Post-Installed Adhesive Anchors in Concrete (ACI 355.4M- 11)", American Concrete Institute, USA.
  3. ASTM E488M-10 (2010), "Standard Test Methods for Strength of Anchors in Concrete Elements", ASTM International, West Conshohocken.
  4. Bajer, M. and Barnat, J. (2012), "The glue-concrete interface of bonded anchors", Constr. Build. Mater., 34, February, 267-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.02.030
  5. Cook, R.A. (1993), "Behavior of chemically bonded anchors", J. Struct. Eng., 119(9), 2744-2762. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1993)119:9(2744)
  6. Cook, R.A., Doerr, G.T. and Klingner, R.E. (1993), "Bond stress model for design of adhesive anchors", ACI Struct. J., 90(5), 514-524.
  7. Cook, R.A. and Konz, R.C. (2001), "Factors influencing bond strength of adhesive anchors", ACI Struct. J., 98(1), 76-86.
  8. Cook, R.A., Kunz, J., Fuchs, W. and Konz, R.C. (1998), "Behavior and design of single adhesive anchors under tensile load in uncracked concrete", ACI Struct. J., 95(1), 9-26.
  9. Eligehausen, R. and Cook, R.A. (2006), "Behavior and design of adhesive bonded anchors", ACI Struct. J., 103(6), 822-831.
  10. EN 12504-1:2009 (2009), "Testing concrete in structures-Part 1: Cored specimens-Taking, examining and testing in compression", European Standard.
  11. EN 12504-2:2012 (2012), "Testing concrete in structures-Part 2: Non-destructive testing - Determination of rebound number", European Standard.
  12. EOTA TR 029 (2010), "Technical Report - Design of Bonded Anchors", European Organization for Technical Approvals.
  13. Fib-Bulletin 58 (2011), "Design of Anchorages in Concrete", International Federation for Structural Concrete.
  14. Fuchs, W., Eligehausen, R. and Breen, J. (1995), "Concrete capacity design (CCD) approach for fastening to concrete", ACI Struct. J., 92(1), 73-94.
  15. Fukuyama, H. and Sugano, S. (2000), "Japanese seismic rehabilitation of concrete buildings after the Hyugoken-Nanbu Earthquake", Cement Concrete Compos., 22(1), 59-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(99)00042-6
  16. Gesoglu, M., Ozturan, T., Ozel, M. and Guneyisi, E. (2005), "Tensile behavior of post-installed anchors in plain and steel fiber reinforced normal and high-strength concretes", ACI Struct. J., 102(2), 224-231.
  17. Guillet, T. (2011), "Behavior of metal anchors under combined tension and shear cycling loads", ACI Struct. J., 108(3), 315-323.
  18. Gurbuz, T. and Ilki, A. (2011), "Pullout performance of fully and partially bonded retrofit anchors in low strength concrete", ACI Struct. J., 108(1), 61-70.
  19. Higgins, C. and Klingner, R. (1998), "Effects of environmental exposure on the performance of cast-in-place and retrofit anchors in concrete", ACI Struct. J., 95(5), 506-517.
  20. Ilki, A. and Celep, Z. (2012), "Earthquakes, existing buildings, and seismic design codes in Turkey", Arab. J. Sci. Eng., 37(2), 65-380. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-011-0165-2
  21. Ilki, A., Seyhan, E. and Kumbasar, N. (2007) "Pull-out behavior of chemically bonded deformed bars typically used during structural retrofitting", Proceedings of the Ninth Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Paper No.1113, Ontario, Canada, June 26-29.
  22. Mahrenholtz, C., Akguzel, U., Eligehausen, R. and Pampanin, S. (2014), "New design methodology for seismic column-to-foundation anchorage connections", ACI Struct. J., 111(5), 1179-1189.
  23. Maziliguney, L. (2007), "Tensile behavior of chemically bonded post-installed anchors in low strength reinforced concretes", Middle East Technical University, MSc. Thesis, 98p.
  24. McVay, M., Cook, R.A. and Krishnamurthy, K. (1996), "Pullout simulation of postinstalled chemically bonded anchors", J. Struct. Eng., 122(9), 1016-1024. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1996)122:9(1016)
  25. Randl, N. and Gusella, O. (2010), "Behavior of anchors in high performance concretes", Third Fib International Congress, Vienna, Austria.
  26. Shirvani, M., Klingner, R.E. and Graves III, H. L. (2004), "Breakout capacity of anchors in concrete- Part 1: Tension", ACI Struct. J., 101(6), 812-820.
  27. Subramanian, N. and Cook, R.A. (2004), "Behaviour of grouted anchors", Indian Concrete J., April.
  28. TS EN 196-1 (2002), "Methods of testing cement-part 1: Determination of strength", Turk Standardlari Enstitusu, Ankara, Turkey, 14.
  29. TS EN ISO 6892-1 (2010), "Metallic materials-tensile testing-part1: Method of test at room temperature", Turk Standardlari Enstitusu, Ankara, Turkey.
  30. Yahia, A., Khayat, K.H. and Benmokrane, B. (1998), "Evaluation of cement grouts for embedding anchors under water", Mater. Struct., 31(4), 267-274. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02480425
  31. Yerlici, V. and O zturan, T. (2000), "Factors affecting anchorage bond strength in high-performance concrete", ACI Struct. J., 97(3), 499-507.
  32. Yilmaz, S., O zen, M.A. and Yardim, Y. (2013), "Tensile behavior of post-installed chemical anchors embedded to low strength concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 47, 861-866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.05.032
  33. Zamora, N.A., Cook, R.A., Konz, R.C. and Consolazio, G.R. (2003), "Behavior and design of single, headed and unheaded, grouted anchors under tensile load", ACI Struct. J., 100(2), 222-230.

Cited by

  1. Prediction of Tensile Strength of a Large Single Anchor Considering the Size Effect vol.5, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.18770/kepco.2019.05.03.201