Private Equity as an Alternative Corporate Restructuring Scheme: Does Private Equity Increase the Operating Performance of PE-Backed Firms?

  • Received : 2016.01.18
  • Published : 2016.05.31

Abstract

There has been a surge of interest in private equity as an alternative corporate restructuring scheme to complement the current institutional forms such as workouts and court receivership. By empirically examining whether private equity in Korea can improve investee companies, we find that while private equity in Korea did not sacrifice the long-term growth potential of investee firms, it did not improve their profitability (e.g. ROA, ROE, and ROS) or growth (e.g. sales growth) either. Both the negative correlation between business performance and firm age and our empirical results showing that young firms were favored by private equity for investment imply that Korean private equity may perform as growth capital, similar to venture capital rather than as buyouts for corporate restructuring.

Keywords

References

  1. Alessandro Maffioli, A. and G. Vazquez. 2010. "A Primer for Applying Propensity-Score Matching." No. IDB-TN-161.
  2. Amess, K., and Wright, M. 2007. "The Wage and Employment Effects of Leveraged Buyouts in the UK." International Journal of the Economics of Business 14: 179-195. https://doi.org/10.1080/13571510701343923
  3. Badunenko, O., C. F. Baum, and D. Schafer. 2010. "Does the tenure of Private Equity Investment Improve the Performance of European Firms?" Discussion Paper.
  4. Bank of Korea. 2015. Financial Stability Report.
  5. Boucly, Q., D. Sraer, and D. Thesmar. 2009. "Leveraged Buyouts: Evidence from French Deals." The Global Economic Impact of Private Equity Report 2009.
  6. Capizzi, V., R. Giovannini, and V. Pesic. 2014. "Risks and Perils in LBO Transactions." Eastern Piedmont State University. Mimeo.
  7. Cohn, J. B., and E. M. Towery. 2013. "The Determinants and Consequences of Private Equity of Private Firms: Evidence from U.S. Corporate Tax Returns." Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2318916
  8. Cohn, J. B., L. F. Mills, and E. M. Towery. 2014. "The Evolution of Capital Structure and Operating Performance after Leveraged Buyouts: Evidence from U.S. Corporate Tax Returns." Journal of Financial Economics 111 (2): 469-494 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2013.11.007
  9. Davis, S. J., J. C. Haltiwanger, R. S. Jarmin, J. Lerner, and J. Miranda. 2011. "Private Equity and Employment." National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 17399.
  10. Davis, S. J., J. Haltiwanger, K. Handley, R. Jarmin, J. Lerner, and J. Miranda. 2014. "Private Equity, Jobs, and Productivity." American Economic Review 104 (12): 3956-3990. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.12.3956
  11. Financial Services Commission. 2015. "FSC Strengthens the Role of Policy Banks." Press Release (in Korean).
  12. Financial Supervisory Service. 2015. "An Assessment of the Growth of Korea's Private Equity Funds Industry from 2004 to 2014." Press Release (in Korean).
  13. Gompers, P., S. N. Kaplan, and V. Mukharlyamov. 2015. "What Do Private Equity Firms Say They Do?" Harvard Business School Working Paper 15-081.
  14. Guo, S., E. Hotchkiss, and W. Song. 2011. "Do Buyouts (still) Create Value?" Journal of Finance 66 (2): 479-517. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2010.01640.x
  15. Harris, R., T. Jenkinson, and S. Kaplan. 2014. "Private Equity Performance: What Do We Know?" Journal of Finance 69 (5): 1851-1882. https://doi.org/10.1111/jofi.12154
  16. Jahyun Koo. 2015. Private Equity Fund's Role in Ex-ante Korea's Corporate Restructuring. Policy Study. Korea Development Institute (forthcoming) (in Korean).
  17. Jensen, M. C. 1986. "Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow, Corporate Finance and Takeovers." American Economic Review 76: 323-329.
  18. Jensen, M. C. 1989. "The Eclipse of the Public Corporation." Harvard Business Review 5: 61-74.
  19. Jeong, D. H. 2014. "Negative Ripple Effects of the Delay of Restructuring Underperforming Corporations." Current Issue. Korea Development Institute (in Korean).
  20. Jeong, D. H. and C. W. Nam. 2015. "The Influence of National Banks in the Restructuring of Underperforming Large Corporations." Current Issue. Korea Development Institute (in Korean).
  21. Kaplan, S. N. 1989. "The effects of management buyouts on operating performance and value." Journal of Financial Economics 24 (2): 217-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(89)90047-0
  22. Kaplan, S. N. and P. Stromberg. 2009. "Leveraged Buyouts and Private Equity." Journal of Economic Perspectives 23 (1): 121-146. https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.23.1.121
  23. Kim, H. T. and K. B. Bin. 2012. "Evaluation on Korea's Capital Markets-based Corporate Restructuring Institutions and Policies." Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies 41 (1): 153-188 (in Korean).
  24. Kim, S. T. and Y. S. Cho. 2009. "An Economical Return Analysis on the Investment Assets by Private Equity Fund." The Korean Journal of Financial Engineering 8 (2): 127-146 (in Korean).
  25. Muscarella, C. J. and M. R. Vetsuypens. 1990. "Efficiency and Organizational Structure: a Study of Reverse LBOs." The Journal of Finance 45 (5): 1389-1413. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1990.tb03720.x
  26. Park, K. W., R. S. Park, K. S. Jeong, and K. M. Kim. 2006. "Bank Ownership by Private Equity Funds and Client Firm Value." Korean Securities Association Discussion Paper (in Korean).
  27. Private Equity Council. 2015. Driving Growth: How private Investments Strengthen American Companies.
  28. Smart, S. B. and J. Waldfogel. 1994. "Measuring the Effect of Restructuring on Corporate Performance: The Case of Management Buyouts." The Review of Economics and Statistics 76 (3): 503-511. https://doi.org/10.2307/2109975
  29. Smith, A. J. 1990. "Corporate Ownership Structure and Performance: The Case of Management Buyouts." Journal of Financial Economics 27 (1): 143-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(90)90024-T
  30. Song, Hong Sun. 2015. "The Role of Private Equity in the Evolving Financial System." Research Reports 15 (7). Korea Capital Market Institute (in Korean).