Atmosphere (대기)

Korean Meteorological Society (한국기상학회)
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Analysis of the Relationship of Water Vapor with Precipitation for the Winter ESSAY (Experiment on Snow Storms At Yeongdong) Period

겨울철 ESSAY (Experiment on Snow Storms At Yeongdong) 기간 동안 수증기량과 강수량의 연관성 분석

  • Ko, A-Reum (Department of Atmospheric Environmental Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Kim, Byung-Gon (Department of Atmospheric Environmental Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Eun, Seung-Hee (Department of Atmospheric Environmental Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University) ;
  • Park, Young-San (Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, KMA) ;
  • Choi, Byoung-Choel (High-Impact Weather Research Center, Observational Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, KMA)
  • 고아름 (강릉원주대학교 대기환경과학과) ;
  • 김병곤 (강릉원주대학교 대기환경과학과) ;
  • 은승희 (강릉원주대학교 대기환경과학과) ;
  • 박영산 (국립기상과학원 응용기상연구과) ;
  • 최병철 (국립기상과학원 관측기반연구과 재해기상연구센터)
  • Received : 2015.09.01
  • Accepted : 2016.01.20
  • Published : 2016.03.31
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Abstract

Water vapor in the atmosphere is an important element that generates various meteorological phenomena and modifies a hydrological cycle. In general, the Yeongdong region has a lot of snow compared to the other regions in winter due to the complex topography and an adjacent East Sea. However, the phase change from water vapor to ice cloud and further snowfall has little been examined in detail. Therefore, in this study, we investigated phase change of liquid water in terms of a quantitative budget as well as time lag of water vapor conversion to snowfall in the ESSAY (Experiment on Snow Storms At Yeongdong) campaign that had been carried out from 2012 to 2015. First, we classified 3 distinctive synoptic patterns such as Low Crossing, Low Passing, and Stagnation. In general, the amount of water vapor of Low Crossing is highest, and Low Passing, Stagnation in order. The snowfall intensity of Stagnation is highest, whereas that of Low Crossing is the lowest, when a sharp increase in water vapor and accordingly a following increase in precipitation are shown with the remarkable time lag. Interestingly, the conversion rate of water vapor to snowfall seems to be higher (about 10%) in case of the Stagnation type in comparison with the other types at Bukgangneung, which appears to be attributable to significant cooling caused by cold surge in the lower atmosphere. Although the snowfall is generally preceded by an increase in water vapor, its amount converted into the snowfall is also controlled by the atmosphere condition such as temperature, super-saturation, etc. These results would be a fundamental resource for an improvement of snowfall forecast in the Yeongdong region and the successful experiment of weather modification in the near future.

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References

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  1. Observation and Numerical Simulation of Cold Clouds and Snow Particles in the Yeongdong Region vol.54, pp.3, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13143-018-0055-6
  2. Characteristics of Meteorological Elements Change Associated with Heavy Snowfall in the Youngdong Area, Gangwon Province in the Past Five Years vol.10, pp.3, 2019, https://doi.org/10.15531/KSCCR.2019.10.3.227