Wind and Structures

  • 제22권4호
  • /
  • Pages.455-476
  • /
  • 2016
  • /
  • 1226-6116(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-6225(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Wind direction field under the influence of topography, part I: A descriptive model

  • Weerasuriya, A.U. (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Hu, Z.Z. (Department of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University and Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University) ;
  • Li, S.W. (Division of Ocean Science and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University) ;
  • Tse, K.T. (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)
  • 투고 : 2015.07.17
  • 심사 : 2016.02.08
  • 발행 : 2016.04.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

In both structural and environmental wind engineering, the vertical variation of wind direction is important as it impacts both the torsional response of the high-rise building and the pedestrian level wind environment. In order to systematically investigate the vertical variation of wind directions (i.e., the so-called 'twist effect') induced by hills with idealized geometries, a series of wind-tunnel tests was conducted. The length-to-width aspect ratios of the hill models were 1/3, 1/2, 1, 2 and 3, and the measurements of both wind speeds and directions were taken on a three-dimensional grid system. From the wind-tunnel tests, it has been found that the direction changes and most prominent at the half height of the hill. On the other hand, the characteristic length of the direction change, has been found to increase when moving from the windward zone into the wake. Based on the wind-tunnel measurements, a descriptive model is proposed to calculate both the horizontal and vertical variations of wind directions. Preliminarily validated against the wind-tunnel measurements, the proposed model has been found to be acceptable to describe the direction changes induced by an idealized hill with an aspect ratio close to 1. For the hills with aspect ratios less than 1, while the description of the vertical variation is still valid, the horizontal description proposed by the model has been found unfit.

키워드

과제정보

연구 과제 주관 기관 : Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Economy, trade and Information Commission of Shenzhen Municipality

참고문헌

  1. Australian/New Zealand Standard, Structural design actions Part 2: Wind actions, AS/NZS 1170.2:2002.
  2. Derickson, R. and Peterka, J.A. (2004), "Development of a powerful hybrid tool for evaluating wind power inComplex Terrain: Atmospheric numerical models and wind-tunnels", Proceedings of the 23rd ASME Wind Energy Symposium, Reno, Nevada,
  3. Engineering Science Data Unit (1993), Mean wind speeds over hills and other topography, Section No. 91043, London: IHS ESDU.
  4. Flay, R.G. (1996), "A twisted flow wind-tunnel for testing yacht sails", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 63(1), 171-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(96)00080-3
  5. Gong, W. and Ibbetson, A. (1989), "A wind-tunnel study of turbulent flow over model hills", Bound.-Lay. Metrol., 49(1-2), 113-148. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00116408
  6. Hedges, K.L., Richards, P.J. and Mallinson, G.D. (1996), "Computer modelling of downwind sails", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 63(1), 95-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(96)00071-2
  7. Hong Kong Planning Department (2008a), Urban Climatic Map and Standards for Wind Environment-Feasibility Study, Working Paper 2B: Wind Tunnel Benchmarking Studies, Batch I, Hong Kong: the government of Hong Kong special administrative region.
  8. Hong Kong Planning Department (2008b), Urban Climatic Map and Standards for Wind Environment-Feasibility Study, Working Paper 2C: Wind Tunnel Benchmarking Studies, Batch II, Hong Kong: the government of Hong Kong special administrative region.
  9. Jackson, P.S. and Hunt, J.C.R. (1975), "Turbulent wind flow over a low hill", Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 101(430), 929-955. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49710143015
  10. Jazcilevich, A.D., Garcia, A.R. and Caetano, E. (2005), "Locally induced surface air confluence by complex terrain and its effects on air pollution in the valley of Mexico", Atmos. Environ., 39(30), 5481-5489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.05.046
  11. Li, S.W., Hu, Z.Z., Tse, K.T. and Weerasuriya, A.U. (2016), "Wind direction field under the influence of topography. II. CFD investigations", Wind Struct., submitted.
  12. Lindley, D., Neal, D., Pearse, J. and Stevenson, D. (1981), "The effect of terrain and construction method on the flow over complex terrain models in a simulated atmospheric boundary layer", Proceeding of the 3rd British Wind Energy Association Wind Energy Conference, Cranfield, UK.
  13. Lubitz, W.D. and White, B.R. (2007), "Wind-tunnel and field investigation of the effect of local wind direction on speed-up over hills", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 95(8), 639-661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2006.09.001
  14. Mason, P.J. and Sykes, R.I. (1979), "Flow over an isolated hill of moderate slope", Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 105(444), 383-395. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49710544405
  15. McAuliffe, B.R. and Larose, G.L. (2012), "Reynolds-number and surface-modeling sensitivities for experimental simulation of flow over complex topography", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 104, 603-613.
  16. Ngo, T. and Letchford, C. (2009), "Experimental study of topographic effects on gust wind speed", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 97, 426-438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2009.06.013
  17. Palma, J.M.L.M., Castro, F.A., Ribeiro, L.F., Rodrigues, A.H. and Pinto, A.P. (2008), "Linear and nonlinear models in wind resource assessment and wind turbine micro-siting in complex terrain", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 96(12), 2308-2326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2008.03.012
  18. Simiu, E. and Scanlan, R.H. (1996), Wind effects on structures, John Wiley & Sons.
  19. Snyder, W. (1973), "Similarity criteria for the application of fluid models to the study of air pollution meteorology", Bound.-Lay. Meteorol., 3, 113-134.
  20. Taylor, P.A. and Lee, R.J. (1984), "Simple guidelines for estimating wind speed variations due to small scale topographic features", Climatol. Bull., 18(2), 3-32.
  21. Taylor, P.A., Walmsley, J.L. and Salmon, J.R. (1983), "A simple model of neutrally stratified boundary-layer flow over real terrain incorporating wavenumber-dependent scaling", Bound.-Lay. Meteorol., 26(2), 169-189. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00121541

피인용 문헌

  1. A wind tunnel study of effects of twisted wind flows on the pedestrian-level wind field in an urban environment vol.128, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.11.041
  2. New inflow boundary conditions for modeling twisted wind profiles in CFD simulation for evaluating the pedestrian-level wind field near an isolated building 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.01.047
  3. Simulation of twisted wind flows in a boundary layer wind tunnel for pedestrian-level wind tunnel tests vol.159, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2016.10.010
  4. Pedestrian-level wind environment around isolated buildings under the influence of twisted wind flows vol.162, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2017.01.002
  5. Numerical simulations of mountain winds in an alpine valley vol.24, pp.6, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2017.24.6.565
  6. Spatial correlation-based WRF observation-nudging approach in simulating regional wind field vol.28, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2019.28.2.129