Journal of Integrative Natural Science (통합자연과학논문집)

The Basic Science Institute Chosun University (조선대학교 기초과학연구원)
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Phytochemical Screening and Biological Studies of Boerhavia Diffusa Linn

  • Gautam, Prakriti (Department of Pharmacy, National Model College for Advance Learning, Tribhuvan University) ;
  • Panthi, Sandesh (Department of Pharmacy, Chosun University) ;
  • Bhandari, Prashubha (Department of Microbiology, National College, Tribhuvan University) ;
  • Shin, Jihoon (Department of Complementary & Alternative Medicine, Chosun University) ;
  • Yoo, Jin Cheol (Department of Pharmacy, Chosun University)
  • Received : 2016.01.06
  • Accepted : 2016.03.25
  • Published : 2016.03.30
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Abstract

Hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of whole plant of Boerhavia diffusa were screened for phytochemical and biological activities. Qualitative phytochemical screening via colorimetric method and the quantitative estimation of phenolic and flavonoid content were performed. Antioxidant assay using DPPH scavenging method was studied. Antimicrobial screening of plant extracts was done by cup diffusion technique. Cytotoxic activity of B. diffusa was studied by brine shrimp bioassay and anthelminthic activity was evaluated in vitro in Pheretima posthuma. This study revealed B. diffusa as a source of various phyto-constituents such as alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids and terpenoids. Quantitative estimation of total phenol was found to be maximum in BEE i.e. $29.73{\pm}0.88$, BME $19.8{\pm}2.02$ and in BHE $9.15{\pm}0.304mgGAE/g$. Similarly, the total flavonoid content was found to be $17.44{\pm}0.75$ in BEE, $14.43{\pm}0.23$ in BHE and 3.678 mg QE/g in BME. Ethyl acetate extract showed its antibacterial activity against all tested pathogens except Escherichia coli whereas Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhi were resistant to methanol and hexane extract. The zone of inhibition (ZOI) of ethyl acetate extract against S. Typhi and B. cereus was found to be 18 mm and 14 mm respectively. The MIC value of BEE in S. Typhi was $3.125{\mu}g/ml$ and in B. cereus was $12.5{\mu}g/ml$. The preliminary screening of anticancer property of B. diffusa i.e. BSLT in methanol was found to be $165.19{\mu}g/ml$. B. diffusa was also found to contain anthelmintic property. The study helped in further exploration of medicinal properties of B. diffusa by phytochemical screening and biological activities paving the path for study and investigation in this plant.

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References

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