Journal of Environmental Science International (한국환경과학회지)

The Korean Environmental Sciences Society (한국환경과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Rainwater Harvesting Potential in a New Residential Area in North Bujumbura, Burundi

  • Kheria, Mfuranzima (Department of Ecological Engineering, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Kang, Daeseok (Department of Ecological Engineering, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Sung, Kijune (Department of Ecological Engineering, Pukyong National University)
  • Received : 2015.10.16
  • Accepted : 2016.02.15
  • Published : 2016.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Access to clean and affordable water is one of the fundamental human rights because water is essential to life and a foundation for socioeconomic development of any country in the world. Despite the efforts to secure water supply in Burundi, the amount of water supplied by public utilities does not meet the demand of the population because population keeps increasing with fluctuation of weather conditions. This study selected north Bujumbura that is a sprawling new residential area in the western part of Burundi as a case to investigate the potential of rainwater harvesting in meeting water demand of the country. Based on a long-term average monthly precipitation in the region, the rainwater harvesting potential was assessed as a function of roof sizes, number of households, and runoff coefficients of roof materials. For the entire region of north Bujumbura, the current water supply capacity of the local water company combined with the rainwater harvesting potential resulted in the water surplus of $468,604.1m^3/yr$. Although three communes among them still showed water deficit in dry season, they still got help from rainwater to relieve their water shortage. This suggests that at the regional scale, proper storages and water quality control for harvestable rainwater could contribute to relieving the regional water shortage and allow the population growth.

Keywords

References

  1. FAO (food and agriculture organization), 2007, AQUASTAT, Country profile Burundi, Rome, Italy.
  2. FAO, 2008, Climate change, water and food security, Rome, Italy.
  3. FAO, 2015, AQUASTAT, Country Fact Sheet: Burundi. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Accessed on 10/13/2015.
  4. Handia, L., Tembo, M., Mwiindwa, C., 2003, Potential of rainwater harvesting in urban Zambia, Phys. Chem. Earth., 28, 893-896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2003.08.016
  5. Helmeich, B., Horn, H., 2009, Opportunities in rainwater harvesting, Desalination 248, 118-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2008.05.046
  6. IGEBU (institute of geography of burundi), 2009, Burundi's rainfall and precipitation, Bujumbura, Burundi.
  7. IGEBU, 2015, Burundi's rainfall and precipitation, Bujumbura, Burundi.
  8. Ishaku, H., Rafee, M., Majid, F., 2011, Rainwater Harvesting: An alternative to safe water Supply in Nigerian rural communities, Water Resour. Manage., 26, 295-305.
  9. Koppen, B., 2003, Water reform in sub-saharan africa: what is the difference? Phys. Chem. Earth., 28, 1047-1053. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2003.08.022
  10. Malley, Z., Mzimbiri, M., Mwakasendo, J., 2009, Integrating local knowledge with science and technology in management of soil, water and nutrients: implications for management of natural capital for sustainable rural livelihoods, Int. Sustain. Develop. & World Ecol., 16(3), 151-163. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504500902918054
  11. MIB (minister of interior of burundi), 2008, General census of population and household in Burundi characteristics of household and habitat, 3, 32-33.
  12. MPHF (minister of public health and fight against HIV), 2013, Document of plan extension of the territory of national population of du Burundi, 20-25.
  13. Mwenge, K., Akpfure, E., Boroto, J., 2007, Domestic rainwater harvesting to improve water supply in rural South Africa, Phys. Chem. Earth., 32, 1050-1057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2007.07.007
  14. NEPAD (new partnership for africa's development), 2009, Water resources and river basin management joint training course.
  15. Ohlsoon, L., 2000, Water conflicts and social resource scarcity, Phys. Chem. Earth., 25, 213-220. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1464-1909(00)00006-X
  16. REGDW (regie of distribution of water), 2006, Burundi's water status in urban areas, Bujumbura, Burundi.
  17. REGDW (regie of distribution of water), 2010, Burundi's water supply and sanitation (WSS), Bujumbura, Burundi.
  18. REGDW (regie of distribution of water), 2015, Burundi's water status in urban areas, Bujumbura, Burundi.
  19. Thomas, T. T., Martin, D. B., 2007, Roof water harvesting, International Water and Sanitation Centre, Delft, The Netherlands.
  20. UN (united nations) water, 2010, Water for life: the human rights to water and sanitation, USA.
  21. UNDP (united nations development programme), 2012, Millennium development goals: Climate change, USA.
  22. WHO (world health organization), 2000, Water and sanitation in the world.