Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology

The Korean Society of Wood Science & Technology (한국목재공학회)
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Quality Improvement of Oil Palm Trunk Properties by Close System Compression Method

  • Hartono, Rudi (Forestry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatera Utara) ;
  • Wahyudi, Imam (Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University) ;
  • Febrianto, Fauzi (Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University) ;
  • Dwianto, Wahyu (Research Center for Biomaterials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences) ;
  • Hidayat, Wahyu (Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, Lampung University) ;
  • Jang, Jae-Hyuk (Department of Forest Biomaterials Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Seung-Hwan (Department of Forest Biomaterials Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Park, Se-Hwi (Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University) ;
  • Kim, Nam-Hun (Department of Forest Biomaterials Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University)
  • Received : 2015.12.28
  • Accepted : 2016.01.20
  • Published : 2016.03.25
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Abstract

Densification of the inner part of oil palm trunk (OPT) by the close system compression (CSC) method was performed in this study. The effects of the compression temperature and time on the anatomical, physical and mechanical properties of OPT were evaluated. The inner part of OPT with an initial average density of $0.3g/cm^3$ was used as samples. Oven-dried samples were immersed in water and vacuumed until fully saturated and then compressed by CSC at 120, 140, 160 or $180^{\circ}C$ for 10, 20, 30 or 40 min. The anatomical characteristics of transverse and radial sections before and after compression were compared by optical microscopy. The physical and mechanical properties, including the density, recovery of set (RS), modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and compression parallel to grain were examined. It was observed that the anatomical characteristic of the inner part of OPT (i.e., vascular bundles, vessels, and parenchyma tissue) became flattened, fractured, and collapsed after compression by CSC. The RS decreased with increasing compression temperature and time. The lower RS indicated high dimensional stability. The physical and mechanical properties (i.e., density, MOR, MOE, and compressive strength) of the inner part of OPT increased with increasing compression temperature and time. Compression by the CSC method at $160^{\circ}C$ for 40 min was the optimum treatment.

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References

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