DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Treatment of Hydrogen Fluoride Generated from the F-gases Decomposition Processes

  • Park, Jun-Hyeong (Research Division for Industry & Environment, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Choi, Chang Yong (Sam Won Electric Power Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Hun (Research Division for Industry & Environment, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Shin, InHwan (Research Division for Industry & Environment, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Son, Youn-Suk (Research Division for Industry & Environment, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute)
  • Received : 2016.07.29
  • Accepted : 2016.12.01
  • Published : 2016.12.31

Abstract

The objective of this study is to obtain the optimal conditions to remove hydrogen fluoride (HF) generated from a variety of F-gas treatment processes. First, we selected $Ca(OH)_2$ and $CaCO_3$ as a reactant among the various alkali salts which have a high removal efficiency and a competitive price by forming a calcium fluoride precipitate. Additionally, various factors were investigated to improve the removal efficiency of HF. The conditions such as the settling time, agitating time and intensity, reaction temperature, and pH were considered as main factors. As a result, in the treatment process to remove HF through Ca-based alkali salts, the optimal conditions were a 120 min settling time, 30 min of agitation at 100 rpm, a pH of 4-8, and a reaction temperature of $40^{\circ}C$.

Keywords

References

  1. An, M.K., Kim, K.Y., Ryu, H.D., Lee, S.I. (2010) Treatment of Fluoride in Semiconductor Wastewater by using Fluidized Bed Reactor. Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 32(5), 437-442.
  2. An, M.K., Woo, G.N., Kim, J.H., Kang, M.K., Ryu, H.D., Lee, S.I. (2009) Optimum Condition for Fluoride Removal Prior to the Application of Struvite Crystallization in Treating Semiconductor Wastewater. Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment 25(6), 916-921.
  3. Bonarowska, M., Burda, B., Juszczyk, W., Pielaszek, J., Kowalczyk, Z., Karpinski, Z. (2001) Hydrodechlorination of $CCl_2F_2$ (CFC-12) over Pd-Au/C catalysts. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 35(1), 13-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-3373(01)00227-2
  4. Buzunov, V., Belousov, S., Mann, V., Zherdev, A., Johnson, J., Anikin, V., Bogdanov, Y. (2016) Technology for Removal of Sulphur Compounds from Gases Generated During Aluminum Production. Light Metals 2016, 457-460.
  5. Committee Technique European du Fluor (CTEF). (2007) HF neutralization table. 1st, 4-5.
  6. Cook, R.G. (2003) The recycle and reuse of caustic waste streams using a novel crystallization treatment process in the refining and chemical industries. Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2003(2), 16-37.
  7. Fang, L., Ghimire, K.N., Kuriyama, M., Inoue, K., Makino, K. (2003) Removal of fluoride using some lanthanum (III)-loaded adsorbents with different functional groups and polymer matrices. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 78(10), 1038-1047. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.902
  8. Glocker, B., Nentwig, G., Messerschmid, E. (2000) 10-40 kW steam respectively multi gas thermal plasma torch system. Vacuum 59(1), 35-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0042-207X(00)00252-9
  9. Haron, M.J., Yunus, W.W., Wasay, S.A., Uchiumi, A., Tokunaga, S. (1995) Sorption of fluoride ions from aqueous solutions by a yttrium-loaded poly (hydroxamic acid) resin. International Journal of Environmental Studies 48(3-4), 245-255. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207239508710994
  10. Huang, S.D., Ho, H., Li, Y.M., Lin, C.S. (1995) Adsorbing colloid flotation of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions at large ionic strength. Environmental Science and Technology 29(7), 1802-1807. https://doi.org/10.1021/es00007a017
  11. James, D.K., Gerbino, A.J. (2000) Using Process Simulation to Predict Wastewater Treatment Outcomes.
  12. Kang, G.U. (1999) Air pollution prevention technology. DongHwa Technology Publshing Co., Korea, 412.
  13. Kang, M.K., Shin, G.W., Lee, S.I. (2013) Fluoride Removal Using Ready-Mixed Concrete Sludge. Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 35(11), 803-808. https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2013.35.11.803
  14. Kim, J.B., Ruy, J.Y., Choi, C.Y., Jang, S.H., Yoon, Y.H., Kim, B.G. (2013) A study on destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) and by-products of sulfur hexafluoride ($SF_6$) using high ionization energy with conditioning agents ($O_2,\;H_2O,\;and\;H_2$). Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management 30, 592-599. https://doi.org/10.9786/kswm.2013.30.6.592
  15. Kim, S.H. (2011) Treatment efficiency of fluoride from LCD wastewater for different calcium sources. Master's Thesis, Chung-Buk National University.
  16. Kim, S.H., Kim, K.Y., Ryu, H.D., Lee, S.I. (2011) Effect of Calcium Sources for the Treatment of Wastewater Containing High Fluoride. Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 33(5), 307-313. https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2011.33.5.307
  17. Kim, Y.I. (2003) Study on the precipitation of fluoride and phosphate in wastewater. Master's Thesis. Ewha Womans University.
  18. Kim, Y.I., Baek, M.H., Kim, D.S. (2007) Treatment Features of Fluorine-containing Wastewater Using Calcium as a Precipitant for Its Reuse. Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling 16(4), 27-32.
  19. Kim, Y.I., Kim, D.S. (2007) Studies on the Calcium precipitation Treatment of Fluoride. Journal of Korean Society on Water Quality 33(3), 371-376.
  20. Kossyi, I.A., Silakov, V.P., Tarasova, N.M. (2001) Combustion of methane-oxygen and methane-oxygen-CFC mixtures initiated by a high-current slipping surface discharge. Plasma Physics Reports 27(8), 715-725. https://doi.org/10.1134/1.1390543
  21. Kowalski, Z., Paszek, A. (1999) Production of synthetic fluorspar from waste calcium fluoride slurry. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 8, 125-128.
  22. Kust, R.N., Mishra, S.K., Pfeiffer, J.B. (1995) U.S. Patent No. 5,403,495. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
  23. Lee, C., Lee, S., Kim, W., Choi, K. (2006) Operation Parameters for the Effective Treatment of Steel Wastewater by Rare Earth Oxide and Calcium Hydroxide. Journal of Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 17(5), 483.
  24. Lee, M.J., Park, S.J., Kim, C.G., Yoon, T.I. (2002) Defluoridation of Wastewater using by Calcium Chloride and Alum. Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 24(12), 2151-2162.
  25. Lee, Y.T. (2001) Development of treatment system for the reuse of industrial wastewater containing fluoride, Master's Thesis, Kum-oh National University of Technology.
  26. Mi, T., Han, J., He, X., Qin, L. (2015) Investigation of HFC-134a decomposition by combustion and its kinetic characteristics in a laboratory scale reactor. Environment Protection Engineering 41(4), 143-150.
  27. Ministry of Environment (2007). Low on water and aquatic ecosystems conservation.
  28. Murphy, A.B., McAllister, T. (1998) Destruction of ozone-depleting substances in a thermal plasma reactor. Applied Physics Letters 73(4), 459-461. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.121899
  29. Na, J.S. (1999) Fluoride removal by lime precipitation and rare earth adsorbents. Journal of the Institute of New Technology 29(7), 181-187.
  30. Park, H.W., Choi, S., Park, D.W. (2013) Effect of Reaction Gases on PFCs Treatment Using Arc Plasma Process. Clean Technology 19(2), 113-120. https://doi.org/10.7464/ksct.2013.19.2.113
  31. Povorov, A.A., Pavlova, V.F., Nacheva, I.I., Erokhina, L.V., Kolomiytseva, O.N. (2002) Hydrofluoric acid recovery integrated membrane technology from glass production concentrated washing waters. Desalination 149(1), 115-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0011-9164(02)00741-5
  32. Raichur, A.M., Basu, M.J. (2001) Adsorption of fluoride onto mixed rare earth oxides. Separation and Purification Technology 24(1), 121-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5866(00)00219-7
  33. Rao, N.M., Bhaskaran, C.S. (1988) Studies on defluoridation of water. Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 41(1), 17-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1139(00)83012-2
  34. Ryu, J.Y., Choi, C.Y., Kim, J.B., Lee, S.J., Kim, S.G., Kwak, H.S., Yun, Y.M. (2012) Destruction of $NF_3$ Emitted from Semiconductor Process by Electron Beam Technology. Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 34(6), 391-396. https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2012.34.6.391
  35. Ryu, J.Y., Son, Y.I., Jang, S.H. (2015) A Study on Decomposition and By-products of PFCs using Electron-beam. Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management 32(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.9786/kswm.2015.32.1.1
  36. Son, Y.S., Lee, S.J., Choi, C.Y., Park, J.H., Kim, T.H., Jung, I.H. (2016) Decomposition of high concentration $SF_6$ using an electron beam. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 124, 220-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2015.11.016
  37. Tsai, W.T. (2008) Environmental and health risk analysis of nitrogen trifluoride ($NF_3$), a toxic and potent greenhouse gas. Journal of Hazardous Materials 159(2), 257-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.02.023
  38. Wang, H.P., Liao, S.H., Lin, K.S., Huang, Y.J., Wang, H.C. (1998) Pyrolysis of PU/CFCs wastes. Journal of Hazardous Materials 58(1), 221-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3894(97)00133-7
  39. Wang, Y.C., Zhang, J.L., Wang, J., Zhang, F., Luo, G.P. (2013) Gaseous fluorides formation mechanism in the roasting process of the fluorite-bearing iron concentrate. In Advanced Materials Research (Vol. 690, pp. 3498-3505). Trans Tech Publications.
  40. Wang, Y.F., Wang, L.C., Shih, M., Tsai, C.H. (2004) Effects of experimental parameters on $NF_3$ decomposition fraction in an oxygen-based RF plasma environment. Chemosphere 57(9), 1157-1163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.08.026
  41. Watanabe, T., Tsuru, T. (2008) Water plasma generation under atmospheric pressure for HFC destruction. Thin Solid Films 516(13), 4391-4396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2007.10.062
  42. Wu, L., Forsling, W. (1995) Surface complexation of calcium minerals in aqueous solution: III. Ion exchange and acid-base properties of hydrous fluorite surfaces. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 174(1), 178-184. https://doi.org/10.1006/jcis.1995.1380
  43. Yang, M., Hashimoto, T., Hoshi, N., Myoga, H. (1999) Fluoride removal in a fixed bed packed with granular calcite. Water Research 33(16), 3395-3402. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00052-4
  44. Yasui, S., Shojo, T., Inoue, G., Koike, K., Takeuchi, A., Iwasa, Y. (2012) Gas-Solid Reaction Properties of Fluorine Compounds and Solid Adsorbents for Off-Gas Treatment from Semiconductor Facility. International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2012, 329419, 1-9.