References
- K. A. Mauritz and R. B. Moore, "State of Understanding of Nafion", Chem. Rev., 104, 4535 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0207123
- S. Gottesfeld and T. Zawodzinki, "Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells", Adv. Electrochem. Sci. Eng., 5, 195 (1997).
- J. Tan, Y. J. Chao, J. W. van Zee and W. K. Lee, "Degradation of elastomeric gasket materials in PEM fuel cells", Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 445, 669 (2007).
- C. W. Lin, C. H. Chien, J. Tan, Y. J. Chao and J. W. van Zee, "Chemical degradation of five elastomeric seal materials in a simulated and an accelerated PEM fuel cell environment", J. Power Sourc., 196, 1955 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.10.012
- R. Blunk, F. Zhong and J. Owens, "Automotive composite fuel cell bipolar plates: Hydrogen permeation concerns", J. Power Sourc., 159, 533 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.09.068
- G. Bandlamudi, C. Siegel, S. Multhaupt, T. Derith, I. Buder, J. burfeind, P. Beckhaus and A. Heinzel, Duisburg, Chemical and mechanical stability of HTPEM fuel cell components report, Germany.
- T. Cui, C. W. Lin, C. H. Chien, Y. J. Chao and J. W. van Zee, "Service life estimation of liquid silicone rubber seals in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell environment", J. Power Sourc., 196, 1216 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.08.075
- J. Tan, Y. J. Chao, J. W. van Zee, X. Li, X. Wang and M. Yang, "Assessment of mechanical properties of fluoroelastomer and EPDM in a simulated PEM fuel cell environment by microindentation test", Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 496, 464 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2008.05.052
- J. Tan, Y. J. Chao, H. Wang, J. Gong and J. W. van Zee, "Chemical and mechanical stability of EPDM in a PEM fuel cell environment", Polym. Degrad. Stab., 94, 2072 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.07.009
- V. Parry, G. Berthome, J. C. Joud, O. Lemaire and A. A. Franco, "XPS investigations of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell active layers aging:Characterization of the mitigating role of an anodic CO contamination on cathode degradation", J. Power Sourc., 196, 2530 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.11.027
- M. Schulze, T. Knori, A. Schneider and E. Gulzow, "Degradation of sealings for PEFC test cells during fuel cell operation", J. Power Sourc., 127, 222 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.09.017
- S. J. C. Cleghorn, D. K. Mayfield, D. A. Moore, J. C. Moore, G. Rusch, T. W. Sherman, N. T. Sisofo and U. Beuscher, "A polymer electrolyte fuel cell life test: 3 years of continuous operation", J. Power Sourc., 158, 446 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.09.062
- J. St-Pierre and N. Jia, "Successful demonstration of ballard PEMFCS for space shuttle applications", J. New Mater. Electrochem. Syst., 5, 263 (2002).
- S. Mitra, A. Ghanbari-Siahkali, P. Kingshott, K. Almdal, H. K. Rehmeier and A. G. Christensen, "Chemical degradation of fluoroelastomer in an alkaline environment", Polym. Degrad. Stab., 83, 195 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(03)00235-0
- M. A. Kader, M. Y. Lyu and C. Nah, "A study on melt processing and thermal properties of fluoroelastomer nanocomposites", Compos. Sci. Technol., 66, 1431 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.09.001
- M. Maiti, S. Mitra and A. K. Bhowmick, "Effect of nanoclays on high and low temperature degradation of fluoroelastomers", Polym. Degrad. Stab., 93, 188 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2007.10.007
- Y. Wang, L. Liu, Y. Luo and D. Jia, "Aging behavior and thermal degradation of fluoroelastomer reactive blends with poly-phenol hydroxy EPDM", Polym. Degrad. Stab., 94, 443 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2008.11.007
- T. Sugama, "Surface analyses of fluoroelastomer bearings exposed to geothermal environments", Mater. Lett., 50, 66 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-577X(00)00415-8
- S. Maria-Daniela, "Physico-Mechanical Characteristics of Some EPDM/Plasticized PVC Blends", Macromol. Symp., 263, 70 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.200850309
- S. Mitra, A. Ghanbari-Siahkali, P. Kingshott, H. K. Rehmeier, H. Abildgaard and K. Almdal, "Chemical degradation of crosslinked ethylenepropylene-diene rubber in an acidic environment. Part I. Effect on accelerated sulphur crosslinks", Polym. Degrad. Stab., 91, 69 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.04.032
- S. Mitra, A. Ghanbari-Siahkali, P. Kingshott, H. K. Rehmeier, H. Abildgaard and K. Almdal, "Chemical degradation of crosslinked ethylenepropylene-diene rubber in an acidic environment. Part II. Effect of peroxide crosslinking in the presence of a coagent", Polym. Degrad. Stab., 91, 81 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.04.031
- R. Nevshupa, L. Martinez, L. Alvarez, M. F. Lopez, Y. Huttel, J. Mendez and E. Roman, "Influence of thermal ageing on surface degradation of ethylene-propylene-diene elastomer" J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 119, 242 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.32519
- J. Tan, Y. J. Chao, X. Li and J. W. van Zee, "Degradation of silicone rubber under compression in a simulated PEM fuel cell environment", J. Power Sourc., 172, 782 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.05.026
- J. Tan, Y. J. Chao, M. Yang, W. K. Lee and J. W. van Zee, "Chemical and mechanical stability of a Silicone gasket material exposed to PEM fuel cell environment", Int. J. Hydrogen Energ., 36, 1846 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.12.048
- J. Tan, Y. J. Chao, W. K. Lee, C. S. Smith, J. W. van Zee and C. T. William, Degradation of gasket materials in a simulated fuel cell environment, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science Engineering and Technology, Irvine, CA, June (2006).
- J. Tan, Y. J. Chao, M. Yang, C. T. Williams and J. W. van Zee, "Degradation characteristics of elastomeric gasket materials in a simulated PEM fuel cell environment", J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 17, 785 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-008-9233-5
- P. F. Aparicio, B. Gallardo-Lopez, A. M. Chaparro and L. Daza, "Physico-chemical study of the degradation of membrane-electrode assemblies in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack", J. Power Sourc., 196, 4242 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.10.059
- J. Feng, Q. Zhang, Z. Tu, W. Tu, Z. Wan, M. Pan and H. Zhang, "Degradation of silicone rubbers with different hardness in various aqueous solutions", Polym. Degrad. Stab., 109, 122 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.07.011
- G. Li, J. Tan and J. Gong, "Degradation of the elastomeric gasket material in a simulated and four accelerated proton exchange membrane fuel cell environments", J. Power Sourc., 205, 244 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.06.092
- A. Husar, M. Serra and C. Kunusch, "Description of gasket failure in a 7 cell PEMFC stack" J. Power Sourc., 169, 85 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.01.078
- C. W. Lin, C. H. Chien, J. Tan, Y. J. Chao, and J. W. Van Zee, "Dynamic mechanical characteristics of five elastomeric gasket materials aged in a simulated and an accelerated PEM fuel cell environment", Int. J. Hydrogen Energ., 36, 6756 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.02.112
- U. Basuli, J. Jose, R. H. Lee, Y. H. Yoo, K. U. Jeong, J. H. Ahn and C. Nah, "Properties and Degradation of the Gasket Component of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell-A Review", J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 12, 7641 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2012.6627