International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences

The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences (한국항공우주학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Human-in-the-Loop Simulation Analysis of Integrated RPAS Operations in Trajectory Based Operations Environment

  • Oh, Hyeju (Department of Aerospace Engineering, Inha University) ;
  • Kang, Jisoo (Department of Aerospace Engineering, Inha University) ;
  • Kang, Seon-Young (Department of Aerospace Engineering, Inha University) ;
  • Choi, Keeyoung (Department of Aerospace Engineering, Inha University) ;
  • Lee, Hak-Tae (Department of Aerospace Engineering, Inha University) ;
  • Jung, Hyuntae (School of Air Transport, Transportation, and Logistics, Korea Aerospace University) ;
  • Moon, Woo-Choon (School of Air Transport, Transportation, and Logistics, Korea Aerospace University)
  • Received : 2016.10.05
  • Accepted : 2016.12.19
  • Published : 2016.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this paper, Human-in-the-Loop (HiTL) simulations of Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) operations in two different Air Traffic Management (ATM) concepts, conventional radar vectoring and Trajectory Based Operations (TBO), were performed to assess the impacts of RPAS integration in the future ATM environment. TBO concept maximizes the throughput by planning and sharing 4-D trajectories between pilots and controllers, and it is considered one of the key concepts to enable RPASs to operate with manned aircraft in congested airspaces. RPASs are characterized by having communication delay or temporary loss of communication. TBO capability was added to the integrated air traffic simulation system for this study, which was developed in the Inha University. HiTL simulations were performed by a trainee air traffic controller with three scenarios, and the data were analyzed using safety, efficiency, and controller workload metrics. The results suggest that TBO were effective in reducing delays and controller workload while maintaining the level of safety.

Keywords

References

  1. FAA, Integration of Civil Unmaned Aircraft System(UAS) in the National Airspace System(NAS) Roadmap, 2013.
  2. ICAO, Aviation System Block Upgrades(ASBU), 2013.
  3. Joint Planning and Development Office, Integrated Work Plan for the Next Generation Air Transportation System, 2012.
  4. Mutuel, L. H., Neri, P. and Paricaud, E., "Initial 4d Trajectory Management Concept Evaluation", 10th USA/Europe Air Traffic Management Research and Development Seminar, 2013.
  5. Oh, H., Jeong, S., Choi, K., Lee, H., Jung, H. and Moon, W., "Human-in-the-Loop Simulation Analysis of Conflict Resolution Maneuvers Using an Air Traffic Control Simulation", AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference, San Diego, California, 2016.
  6. International Civil Aviation Organization, Doc.10019, Manual on Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS), first edition, Montreal, 2015.
  7. Federal Aviation Administration, Integration of Civil Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) in the National Airspace System (NAS) Roadmap, first edition, Washington D.C., 2013.
  8. Paredes, M. and Ruiz, P., "Challenges in Designing Communication Systems for Unmanned Aerial Systems Integration into Non-segregated Airspace", Military Communications Conference (MILCOM), 2014 IEEE, 2014.
  9. Shively, R. J. and Lyall, B., "Human Performance Considerations for Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS)", Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems Panel (RPASP) Second Meetings (RPASP/2), Montreal, June, 2015.
  10. Enea, G. and Porretta, M., "A Comparison of 4D-Trajectory Operations Envisioned for NextGen and SESAR, Some Preliminary Findings", 28th International Congress of Aeronautical Sciences, 2012.
  11. SESAR Joint Undertaking, European ATM Master Plan, 3rd edition, Brussels, 2015.
  12. Bilimoria, K. D. and Lee, H. Q., "Properties of Air Traffic Conflicts for Free and Structured Routing", AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) Conference, August, 2001.
  13. Johnson, M., Mueller, E. R. and Santiago, C., "Characteristics of a Well Clear Definition and Alerting Criteria for Encounters between UAS and Manned Aircraft in Class E Airspace", Eleventh USA/Europe Air Traffic Management Research and Development Seminar, Lisbon, Portugal, 2015.
  14. Hart, S. G., "Nasa-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX); 20 Years Later", Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society annual Meeting, Vo. 50, No. 9, 2006, pp. 904-908.
  15. Kirwan, B., Evans, A., Donohoe, L., Kilner, A., Lamoureux, T., Atkinson, T. and MacKendrick, H., "Human Factors in the ATM System Design Life Cycle", FAA/Eurocontrol ATM R\&D Seminar, Paris, France, 1997.
  16. Bowen, D., "The SESAR Concept and i4D", Educational Workshop in ATM global, 2014.
  17. RTCA, DRAFT Detect and Avoid(DAA) Minimum Operational Performance Standarsd(MOPS) for Verification and Validation, 2016.
  18. Kang, J. S., Oh, H. J., Choi, K. Y. and Lee, H. T., "Development and Validation of an Improved 5-DOF Aircraft Dynamic Model for Air Traffic Simulation", Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology, Vol. 20, No. 5, 2016, pp. 387-393. https://doi.org/10.12673/jant.2016.20.5.387