Wind and Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Behaviour of transmission line conductors under tornado wind

  • Hamada, Ahmed (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Western Ontario) ;
  • El Damatty, Ashraf A. (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Western Ontario)
  • Received : 2015.01.28
  • Accepted : 2016.02.02
  • Published : 2016.03.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Electricity is transmitted by transmission lines from the source of production to the distribution system and then to the end users. Failure of a transmission line can lead to devastating economic losses and to negative social consequences resulting from the interruption of electricity. A comprehensive in-house numerical model that combines the data of computational fluid dynamic simulations of tornado wind fields with three dimensional nonlinear structural analysis modelling of the transmission lines (conductors and ground-wire) is used in the current study. Many codes of practice recommend neglecting the tornado forces acting on the conductors and ground-wires because of the complexity in predicting the conductors' response to such loads. As such, real transmission line systems are numerically simulated and then analyzed with and without the inclusion of the lines to assess the effect of tornado loads acting on conductors on the overall response of transmission towers. In addition, the behaviour of the conductors under the most critical tornado configuration is described. The sensitivity of the lines' behaviour to the magnitude of tornado loading, the level of initial sag, the insulator's length, and lines self-weight is investigated. Based on the current study results, a recommendation is made to consider conductors and ground-wires in the analysis and design of transmission towers under the effect of tornado wind loads.

Keywords

References

  1. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) (2010), Guidelines for electrical transmission line structural loading, third edition, ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice, 74. Reston, VA, USA.
  2. CIGRE (Conseil International des Grands Reseaux Electriques/ International Council on Large Electrical Systems) (2009), "Overhead line design guidelines for mitigation of severe wind storm damage", Scientific Committee B2 on Overhead Lines, B2. 06.09.
  3. Darwish, M.M., Damatty, A.A.E. and Hangan, H. (2010), "Dynamic characteristics of transmission line conductors and behaviour under turbulent downburst loading", Wind Struct., 13(4), 327-346. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2010.13.4.327
  4. Dempsey, D. and White, H.B. (1996), "Winds wreak havoc on lines", Transmission & Distribution World, 48(6), 32-42.
  5. El Damatty, A.A. and Hamada, A. (2013), "Behaviour of guyed transmission line structures under tornado wind loads -Case studies", Electrical Transmission and Substation Structures 2012: Solutions to Building the Grid of Tomorrow, November 4, 2012 -November 8, American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), Columbus, OH, United states, 193-204.
  6. Hamada, A. (2009), Analysis and behaviour of guyed transmission line structure under tornado wind loading. School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
  7. Hamada, A., Damatty, A.A.E., Hangan, H. and Shehata, A.Y. (2010), "Finite element modelling of transmission line structures under tornado wind loading", Wind Struct., 13(5), 451-469. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2010.13.5.451
  8. Hamada, A. and El Damatty, A.A. (2011), "Behaviour of guyed transmission line structures under tornado wind loading",Comput. Struct., 89(11-12), 986-1003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2011.01.015
  9. Hamada, A. and El Damatty, A.A. (2014), "Nonlinear formulation of four-noded cable element and application to transmission lines under tornadoes", Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Advances in Wind and Structures (AWAS14) - ACEM14, Busan, Korea, Montreal, Canada, 24-28 August, 2014.
  10. Hamada, A. and El Damatty, A.A. (2015), "Failure analysis of guyed transmission lines during F2 tornado event", Eng. Struct., 85, 11-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.11.045
  11. Hangan, H. and Kim, J.D. (2008), "Swirl ratio effects on tornado vortices in relation to the Fujita scale", Wind Struct., 11(4), 291-302. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2008.11.4.291
  12. Holmes, J.D., Hangan, H., Schroder J.L. and Letchford, C.W. (2008), "A forensic study of the Lubbock-Reese downdraft of 2002", Wind Struct., 11(2), 137-152. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2008.11.2.137
  13. Holmes, J.D. (2008), "Recent development in specifications of wind loads on transmission lines", Wind Eng., 5(1), 8-18.
  14. Koziey, B.L. (1993), Formulation and applications of consistent shell and beam elements, Ph.D. McMaster University (Canada), Canada.
  15. Lee, W.C. and Wurman, J. (2005). "Diagnosed three-dimensional axisymmetric structure of the Mulhall tornado on 3 May 1999", J. Atmos. Sci., 62(7), 2373-2393. https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS3489.1
  16. Loredo-Souza, A. and Davenport, A.G. (1998), "The effects of high winds on transmission lines", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 76, 987-994.
  17. Sarkar, P., Haan, F., Gallus, Jr., W., Le, K. and Wurman, J. (2005), "Velocity measurements in a laboratory tornado simulator and their comparison with numerical and full-scale data", Proceedings of the 37th Joint Meeting Panel on Wind and Seismic Effects.
  18. Savory, E., Parke, G.A.R., Zeinoddini, M., Toy, N. and Disney, P. (2001), "Modelling of tornado and microburst-induced wind loading and failure of a lattice transmission tower", Eng. Struct., 23(4), 365-375. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(00)00045-6
  19. Shehata, A.Y., El Damatty, A.A. and Savory, E. (2005), "Finite element modeling of transmission line under downburst wind loading", Finite Elem. Anal. Des., 42(1), 71-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finel.2005.05.005
  20. Wen, Y. (1975), "Dynamic tornadic wind loads on tall buildings", ASCE Struct. Division, 101(1), 169-185.

Cited by

  1. The response of a guyed transmission line system to boundary layer wind vol.139, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.01.047
  2. Statistical Analysis of Wind-Induced Dynamic Response of Power Towers and Four-Circuit Transmission Tower-Line System vol.2018, pp.1875-9203, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5064930
  3. Empirical numerical model of tornadic flow fields and load effects vol.32, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2021.32.4.371