DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Verification of Utility of Simple Mensuration of Cl- from Urine to Estimate the Amount of Sodium Intake

나트륨 섭취량 추정을 위한 소변 중 Cl-의 간이적 측정방법의 유용성 검증

  • 이성호 (JW중외메디칼 제품플랜트) ;
  • 이채준 (JW중외메디칼 제품플랜트) ;
  • 주성미 (JW중외메디칼 제품플랜트) ;
  • 이현주 (JW중외메디칼 제품플랜트) ;
  • 라왕연 (JW중외메디칼 제품플랜트) ;
  • 김순옥 (서울복지병원)
  • Received : 2015.06.08
  • Accepted : 2016.02.05
  • Published : 2016.02.29

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to measure concentrations of $K^+$, $Na^+$, $Cl^-$ by ionometer with check salt strip, simple salimeter and Ion-selective electrode (ISE) and compare the results of each mensuration; furthermore, the possibility of inferring the $Na^+$ concentration from $Cl^-$ concentration of urine and the impact of $K^+$ on the concentration of each ion was examined. The results showed that ISE determined $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ concentrations in the urine are highly interrelated (R=0.9039); in addition, concentrations of $Cl^-$, measured with strip and ISE from urine are highly interrelated (R=0.9338). The concentration of $Na^+$ in urine, inferred by measuring $Cl^-$ concentration with strip, has a high relationship (R=0.8580) with the concentration of $Na^+$ in urine, measured by ISE. The results of our study will increase awareness of $Na^+$ intake and the utility of check salt strip, as well as the possibility of inferred $Na^+$ concentration from measures of $Cl^-$ concentration as a screening test for reducing sodium intake.

Keywords

References

  1. Elliott P, Brown I. 2006. Sodium intakes around the world. World Health Organization Press
  2. Friedrich CL, Naomi SF, Rebecca SS. 1982. Overnight urine collections to estimate sodium intake. Hypertension 4:494-498 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.HYP.4.4.494
  3. Gyungpook National University Health Care Service Support Center. 2007. A study on a scheme to reduce sodium intake.
  4. Jeong YS, Lim HJ, Kim SB, Kim HJ, Son SM. 2014. Blood pressure and dietary related risk factors associated with high sodium intake assessed with 24-hour urine analysis for Korean adults. Korean J Community Nutr 19:537-549 https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.6.537
  5. Kim CH, Han JS. 2006. Hypertension and sodium intake. J Korean Acad Fam Med 27:517-522
  6. Kim CI, Koh EM, Lee YN, Yon MY, Kim DH, Lee JY, Nam EJ, Shin HH, Lee CH, Kim DI, Hong JL. 2012. Cost-benefit analysis of sodium intake reduction policy and international collaboration with WHO for establishing sodium intake guidelines. The R&D Annual Report of MFDS 16:141-142
  7. Kim HH, Lee YK. 2013. Analysis of presumed sodium intake of office workers using 24-hour urine analysis and correlation matrix between variables. Korean J Nutr 46:26-33 https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2013.46.1.26
  8. Kim HJ. 2014. Sodium intake status in Korea and plan for improvement of sodium intake estimation in the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey. Public Health Weekly Report, KCDC 7:425-430
  9. Kirkendall AM, Connor WE, Abboud F, Rastogi SP, Anderson TA, Fry M. 1976. The effect of dietary sodium chloride on blood pressure, body fluids, electrolytes, renal function, and serum lipids of normotensive man. J Lab Clin Med 87:411-434
  10. Lee YM. 2009. A principle and research trend of electrochemical sensor. Hwahak Yeonhap 2:34-37
  11. Lim JH. 2012. Salt intake and diabetes. J Korean Diabetes 13:211-214 https://doi.org/10.4093/jkd.2012.13.4.211
  12. Liu K, Dyer AR, Cooper RS, Stamler R, Stamler J. 1979. Can overnight urine replace 24-hour urine collection to asses salt intake? Hypertension 1:529-536 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.HYP.1.5.529
  13. Park SJ, Park HY, Lee SY. 2007. The influence of mixed NaCl-KCl salt on sodium intake and urinary excretion of sodium and pattasium. Korean J Nutr 40:500-508
  14. Shin EK, Lee HJ, Lee JJ, Ann MY, Son SM, Lee YK. 2010. Estimation of sodium intake of adult female by 24-hour urine analysis, dietary records and dish frequency. Korean J Nutr 43:79-85 https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2010.43.1.79
  15. Tanaka T, Okamura T, Miura K, Kadowaki T, Ueshima H, Nakagawa H, Hashimoto T. 2002. A simple method to estimate populational 24 hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion using a casual urine specimen. J Hum Hypertens 16:97-103 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jhh.1001307
  16. Tochikubo O, Sasaki O, Umehara S, Kaneko Y. 1986. Management of hypertension in high school student by using new salt titrator tape. Hypertension 8:1164-1171 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.HYP.8.12.1164
  17. Yon M, Lee Y, Kim D, Lee J, Koh E, Nam E, Shin H, Kang BW, Kim JW, Heo S, Cho HY, Kim CI. 2011. Major sources of sodium intake of the Korean population at prepared dish level: based on the KNHANES 2008 & 2009. Korean J Community Nutr 16:473-487 https://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2011.16.4.473
  18. Youn DH. 2008. A theory and application of conductivity sensor. C&I 2008.06:41-45