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Physicochemical Properties of Various Blends of Peatmoss and Perlite and the Selection of Rooting Media for Different Growing Seasons

다양한 종류의 피트모스와 펄라이트 혼합에 따른 물리·화학성 변화와 계절별 육묘를 위한 상토 선발

  • Shim, Chang Yong (Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Chang Hyeon (Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Park, In Sook (Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Choi, Jong Myung (Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University)
  • 심창용 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과) ;
  • 김창현 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과) ;
  • 박인숙 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과) ;
  • 최종명 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과)
  • Received : 2016.01.18
  • Accepted : 2016.12.03
  • Published : 2016.12.30

Abstract

The physical properties of rooting media for the establishment of plugs in a greenhouse are modified according to variations in the greenhouse environment throughout the season. In this study, we established a standard for rooting media for the production of plug seedlings for each growing season (summer, winter and spring fall). Eight types of peatmoss (PM) and 4 types of perlite (PL) commonly used in Korea were collected and blended with the ratio of 7 parts PM to 3 parts PL (v/v) to make 32 different rooting media blends. We determined the total porosity (TP), container capacity (CC), air-filled porosity (AFP), pH, and electrical conductivity (EC) of the 32 media blends, and 6 media blends were selected for seasonal use. We also conducted additional analyses for plant easily available water (EAW), buffering water (BW), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and nutrient contents in the 6 media blends. The TP, CC, and AFP of the 32 media blends ranged from 64.7 to 96.0%, 42.9 to 90.1%, and 1.3 to 27.8%, respectively, indicating that the physical properties were strongly influenced by the type of PM and PL. The pH and EC of the PMs ranged from 2.96 to 3.81 and 0.08 to $0.47dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, respectively. However, after blending the PM with the PL the pH was raised and the EC was lowered The media blends selected for the summer growing season were Blonde Golden peatmoss (BG) + No. 1 perlite size < 1 mm (PE1) and Latagro 0-10 mm (L1) + No. 2 perlite size 1-2 mm (PE2). These two media blends had 89.8-90.9% of TP, 80.8-81.3% of CC, and 9.0-9.7% of AFP. The media blends selected for the winter growing season were Sfagnumi Turvas (ST) + PE2 and Latagro 20-40 mm (L3) + PE2. These media blends had 79.9-86.7% of TP, 60.4-74.9% of CC, and 11.8-19.6% of AFP. The TP, CC, and AFP of two media blends, BG + No.3 perlite 2-5 mm (PE3) and Orange peatmoss (O) + PE3, selected for the spring and fall growing seasons, respectively, were 85.2-87.3%, 77.9%, and 7.4-9.4%, respectively. The percentage of EAW of the media blends selected for the spring, summer, and winter growing seasons ranged from 24.2-24.9%, 22.0-28.6%, and 18.0-21.8%, respectively, but the percentages of BW were not significantly different among the selected root media blends. The pH, EC, and CEC of the 6 selected media blends ranged from 3.11-3.97, $0.06-0.26dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, and $97-119meq{\cdot}100g^{-1}$, respectively.

공정육묘장들이 계절별 기상환경에 적합하도록 혼합상토의 조성을 변화시키고 있다. 본 연구는 계절별(하절기, 동절기, 봄 가을) 육묘에 적합한 상토를 선발하기 위해 수행되었다. 실험을 위해 다양한 국가에서 수입된 8종류의 피트모스와 입경이 다른 4종류의 펄라이트를 수집한 후 비율을 피트모스 7: 펄라이트3(v/v)으로 고정시킨 32종류의 상토를 만들었다. 이 후 공극률, 기상률 및 액상률의 삼상분포, 그리고 pH, EC 및 무기물 함량 등 화학성을 분석한 후 6종류 상토를 선발하였다. 선발 된 상토를 대상을 추가로 쉽게 이용할 수 있는 수분량(EAW)과 완충수분(BW), cation exchange capacity(CEC) 그리고 각종 화학성을 분석하여 기비 혼합을 위한 판단기준으로 삼았다. 피트모스와 펄라이트를 혼합한 상토는 공극률 64.7-96.0%, 용기용 수량 42.9-90.1%, 그리고 기상률이 1.3-27.8%의 범위로 측정되었고, 혼합되는 피트모스와 펄라이트 종류에 따라 물리성의 차이가 컸다. 피트모스의 pH와 EC가 각각 2.96-3.81 및 $0.08-0.47dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$로 분석되었지만 펄라이트를 혼합한 후 pH가 상승하고 EC가 낮아졌다. 하절기용으로 선발한 Blonde Golden peatmoss(BG) + 펄라이트(입경 1mm 이하) 1호(PE1)와 Latagro 10mm 이하(L1) + 펄라이트(1-2mm) 2호(PE2) 상토는 공극률, 용기용수량 및 기상률이 각각 89.8-90.9, 80.8-81.3 및 9.0-9.7%였다. 동절기용으로 선발한 Sfagnumi Turvas(ST) + PE2와 Laragro 20-40mm(L3) + PE2 상토는 이들 세 종류 항목이 각각 79.9-86.7, 60.4-74.9 및 11.8-19.6% 그리고 봄 가을용인 BG + 펄라이트 2-5mm(PE3)와 Orange peatmoss(O) + PE3이 각각 85.2-87.3, 77.9 및 7.4-9.4%이었다. EAW는 봄 가을과 하절기용이 각각 24.2-24.9%, 22.0-28.6%의 범위였지만 동절기용은 각각 18.0-21.8%로 측정되었으며, BW는 계절별로 선발한 상토에 따른 차이가 뚜렷하지 않았다. 선발된 6종류 혼합상토의 pH는 3.11-3.97, EC는 $0.06-0.26dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, 그리고 양이온치환용량은 $97-119meq{\cdot}100g^{-1}$ 범위에 포함되었다.

Keywords

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