한국산학기술학회논문지 (Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society)

  • 제17권10호
  • /
  • Pages.490-498
  • /
  • 2016
  • /
  • 1975-4701(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2288-4688(eISSN)
한국산학기술학회 (The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

운동 참여자의 자아존중감이 기본 심리욕구 만족에 미치는 영향

The Effect of Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction on Self-esteem of the Exercise Participants

  • Lee, Gun Chur (Department of Physical Education, Wonkwang University)
  • 투고 : 2016.07.04
  • 심사 : 2016.10.07
  • 발행 : 2016.10.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 연구는 운동 참여자의 자아 존중감이 기본 심리욕구 만족과의 관계를 규명하는데 목적이 있으며, 2014년 J도의 시지역에서 운동 참여자들을 모집단으로 선정한 후 편의표본추출법을 이용하여 총 278부를 최종 분석 자료로 사용하였다. 본 연구의 회수된 설문지는 Windows용 SPSS version 21 통계 프로그램을 사용하였으며, 빈도분석, 탐색적 요인분석과 신뢰도 분석을 실시하였고, 측정변인 간의 상호관련성을 파악하기 위해 상관관계 분석과 영향력 검증을 위하여 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 운동 참여자의 긍정적 자아존중감은 기본 심리욕구 만족의 하위요인인 유능성, 관계성, 자율성에서 정적(+)인 상관관계가 나타났고, 부정적 자아존중감은 유능성, 관계성, 자율성에서 부적(-)인 상관관계를 나타났다. 둘째, 운동참여자의 유능성, 자율성은 긍정적 자아존중감에서 정적(+)인 영향을, 부정적 자아존중감에서는 부적(-)인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 관계성은 긍정적 자아존중감에서 정적(+)인 영향을, 부정적 자아존중감에서는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 운동 참여자들이 운동을 지속적으로 참여하기 위해서는 긍정적인 자아존중감을 높여주고 참여자들의 기본적 심리욕구 충족에 대한 다양한 운동프로그램과 전략적인 지도활동이 전개될 필요가 있다.

This study aimed to investigate the relation between self-esteem and satisfaction. After gathering study subjects (exercise participants) and deciding the population in 2014 in Jeonbuk city area, convenience sampling method was used to analyze the date from 278 subjects. The retrieved questionnaire in the research was analyzed in Window SPSS version 21 statistical program. Frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and correlation analysis were used to find correlations between test values. Multiple regression analysis was used to find the effects of the test values. The study results are as follows. First, the exercise participants' positive self-esteem exhibited a positive relationship with competence, relatedness, and autonomy, which are sub factors of basic psychological needs satisfaction. Also, negative self-esteem had a negative relationship with competence, relatedness, and autonomy. Second, exercise participants' self-esteem had a positive effect on competence and autonomy in positive self-esteem and a negative effect on negative self-esteem. Relatedness had a positive effect in positive self-esteem but not in negative self-esteem. Thus it is necessary to increase positive self-esteem and make various exercise programs about basic psychological needs satisfaction of the exercise participants and strategic activity guide for exercise participants participating in exercise consistently.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Y.J., Lee, H.I., Cho, & B.M., Yoon, "Relationship among Exercise Commitment, Psychological Satisfaction, Adherence and Addiction of Marathon Enthusiast.", The Korea Journal of Sports Science 23(3), pp. 209-223, 2014.
  2. S.M., Kim, & S.M., Yoon, "The relationship among the basic psychological needs, exercise emotion &vitality for the participants of marine/water leisure sports.", Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies, 43, pp. 67-76, 2011.
  3. W.I., Song, "The Influence of Participation and Constraints on Urban Workers' Leisure and Life Satisfaction.", Unpublished Sports and Leisure of Graduate School, Yonsei University, 2004.
  4. S.H., Hwang, "An International Comparative Study on the Typology of Leisure Sport Activity.", Journal Society of Leisure, Recreation & Park, 38(4), pp. 113-123, 2014.
  5. B., Kim, & Y.J., Lee, "Relationship among Achievement Goal Orientation, Outcome Expectations and Exercise Adherence of Participants in Masters Swimming", Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies, 60, pp. 327-339, 2015.
  6. A.Y., No & Y.S., Gang, "Personality Psychology", Seoul:Hakisa, 2003.
  7. R.J., Sonstroem, & W.P., Morgan, "Exercise and esteem: rationale and model", Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 21, pp. 329-337, 1989. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-198906000-00018
  8. R.G., Simmons, & D.A., Blyth, "Moving into adolscence: the impact of pubertal change and school context", Hawthorne, New York: Aldine & de Gruyter, 1987.
  9. R., Reasoner, "Building self-esteem in secondary schools", Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc, 1982.
  10. E.L., Deci, & R.M, Ryan, The 'What' and 'Why' of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behaviour. Psychological Inquiry, 11, pp. 227-268, 2000. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
  11. E.L., Deci, & R.M., Ryan, "Facilitating optimal motivation and psychological well-being across life′s domains", Canadian Psychology, 49, pp. 14-23, 2008. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0708-5591.49.1.14
  12. R.M,. Ryan, & E.L., Deci, "Self-Determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being", American Psychologist, 55, pp. 68-78, 2000. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
  13. E.L., Deci, & R.M., Ryan, "Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior", New York: Plenum Press, 1985.
  14. J.H., Kim., E.J., Kim, & S.H., Hong, "Effects of Self-Determination on the Achievement on Korean Middle School Students", Korean Education Psychology, vol. 20 no. 1, pp. 243-264, 2006.
  15. H.T., Reis, K.M., Sheldon, S.L., Glables, J., Roscoe, & R.M., Ryan, "Daily well-being: The role of autonomy, competence, and relatedness", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, pp. 419-435, 2002.
  16. H.J., Eum, & M.S., Ko, "The Relationshiops among Persived Psychological Needs, Sports Character and Sportpersonship by Elementary School Students", The Korean Journal of Elementary Physical Education, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 65-76, 2014.
  17. P.M., Wilson, W.M., Rodgers, & S.N., Fraser, "Examining the psychometric properties of the behavioral regulation in exercise questionnaire", Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 6(1), pp. 1-21, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327841MPEE0601_1
  18. K.H., Kim & J.G., Park, "Examining the Structural Model of Perceived Autonomy Support, Basic Needs, and Motivational Orientations among Collegiate Athletes", Korean Society of Sport Psychology, vol. 20 no. 3, pp. 33-48, 2009.
  19. D.J., Kim, & M.H., Yang(2006). "The Relationships among Basic Needs, Motivational Types and Psychological Well-Being in Context of Physical Education Class", Korean Society of Sport Psychology, vol. 17 no. 1, pp. 25-45, 2006.
  20. K.M., Cheon, & N.S., Pyo, "Predicting Stage of Change in Exercise Behavior through Basic Psychological Needs and Behavior Regulation to Exercise of Adolescence", Korean Society of Sport Psychology, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 33-44, 2008.
  21. E.J., Kwak, "The Relationship Between Basic Psychological Needs, Exercise motivation and Leisure Exercise Level in adult exercise participant", Unpublished Graduate School of Physical Education, Seoul National University, 2009.
  22. M., Rosenberg, "Society and The adolescent self-image", Princeton, N. J.:Princeton University Press, 1965.
  23. J.H., Noh, "The Effect of Athletic Performance on Exercise Immersion and Self-Esteem of High School Golf Athletes'", Unpublished Graduate School of Physical Education, Korea University, 2011.
  24. M., Philip, W.T., Rogers, W.M., Rodgers, & T. Camerron Wild, "The Psychological Need satisfaction on Exercise scale", Journal of sport & Exercise Psychology, 28, pp. 231-251, 2006. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.28.3.231
  25. C.H., Jeong, "The Effect of exercise Flow and Self-Esteem on the satisfaction of a sport participant's psychological needs." Unpublished Graduate School of Physical Education, Kyonggi University, 2009.
  26. N.M., LaVoi, "Dimensions of closeness and conflict in the coach-athlete relationship", Paper Presented at the Meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Applied Sport Psychology, Minneapolis, MN, 2004.
  27. C., Lonsdale, K., Hodge, & E.A., Rose, "Athlete burnout in elite sport: A self-determination perspective", Journal of Sport Sciences, 27(8), pp. 785-795, 2009. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640410902929366
  28. B.L., Fredrickson, M.A., Cohn, K.A., Coffey, J., Pek, & S.M, Finkel, "Open hearts build lives: Positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(5), pp. 1045-1062, 2008. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0013262
  29. J.H., Nam & I.W., Lee, "Relationship among Sensation Seeking, Basic Psychological Need and Sport Motivation in Sport Climbing Club Members" Korean Society of Sport Psychology, vol. 22 no. 2, pp. 93-110, 2011.
  30. Y.G., Jung, "Verification of the Relationship Model between Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction, Affects and Participation Persistence Intention among Participants in Exercise", Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 1325-1337, 2009.
  31. J.G., Park, "Perceived Coach-Athlete Relationships, Needs Satisfaction, and Physical and Psychological Well-Being: An Intra-Individual Analysis", Korean Society of Sport Psychology, vol. 20 no. 4, pp. 177-191, 2009.
  32. R.M., Ryan, & E.L., Deci, "Overview of Self-determination theory", In E.L. Deci & R.M., Ryan, Handbook of Self-determination research(3-33), Rechester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 2002.
  33. E.J., Cha, & Y.J., Kim, "Analysis of the Differences in Personalities of Adolescent Participating in School Sports Clubs", The Korean Journal of Physical Education, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 25-34, 2014.
  34. J.I., Yoo, M.S., Choi, & Y.T., Rhim, "Effects of Psychological Needs and Exercise Behavior on Coach-athlete Relationships of Adolescent Athlete", Journal of Korean Society for the Study of Physical Education, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 79-93, 2012.
  35. Y.G., Cho, "The Relationship of Basic psychological Needs Satisfaction, Affects, and Continuous Participation Intentionin Ice Skating Clubber", Unpublished Leisure and Sports of Graduate School, Pusan University, 2010.
  36. M., Reinboth, & J.L., Duda, "Perceived motivational climate, need satisfaction and indices of well-being in term sports: A longitudinal perspective", Psychology off Sport and Exercise, 7, pp. 269-286, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2005.06.002