DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Architectural Meaning and Characteristics of L'Art Sacré Movement advocated by Marie Alain Couturie

마리 알랭 쿠튀리에가 주창한 성미술(L'Art Sacré) 운동의 건축적 의미와 특성 고찰

  • 반상철 (서원대학교 건축학과) ;
  • 김홍기 (동양미래대학교 실내환경디자인학과)
  • Received : 2016.10.12
  • Accepted : 2016.12.08
  • Published : 2016.12.31

Abstract

This study aimed to find the architectural meaning and characteristics of L'Art Sacr? Movement advocated by Dominican Father Marie Alain Couturie. From 1936 till 1954 Father Couturier was the chief editor of the review L'Art Sacr? that became very influential among art critics no longer satisfied with what was considered outdated 19th century church interior decoration. Marie Alain Couturie was a French Dominican friar and Catholic priest who gained fame as a designer of stained glass windows. He was noted for his modern inspiration in the field of Sacred Art. Couturier's greatest ambition was to revive Christian art by appealing to the independent masters of his time. From these viewpoint, we investigated the background and process of the movement and analyzed the architectural meaning and characteristics which represented the Art Sacr? movement. The analyzed chapel buildings were as follows: 1) The Church of Notre-Dame de Toute Gr?ce du Plateau d'Assy, bringing together Braque, Matisse, Rouault, L?ger and Chagall, 2) The Chapel of Saint-Marie Rosaire by Henri Matisse, 3) The Chapel of Notre Dame du Haut and The Couvent de La Tourette by Le Corbusier, and 4) The Rothko Chapel by Mark Rothko and Philip Johnson. These L'Art Sacr? projects inscribedthemselveswithin what was the century's most serious attempt at the reintegration of Art and religious space. Courturier's interactions with artists and architects are traced and shown to have played a major role in the evolution of the priest's thinking and Church interior decoration. At the same time, Courturier's clear and vigorous L'Art Sacr? articles were both defining the theoretical basis of new vision and anticipating the renewal of the religious space.

본 연구는 현대교회 건축 디자인에 많은 영향을 끼친 도미니크 수도회 신부 마리 알랭 쿠튀리에(Marie Alain Couturie)가 주창한 성미술(L'Art Sacre) 운동의 추진과정과 건축적 특성을 고찰하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 성미술 운동의 전개과정을 분석한 후, 이를 토대로 성미술 운동 속에 내재해 있는 건축적 담론, 특히 쿠튀리에가 주창한 건축개념의 특성이 무엇인가를 분석하고자 하였다. 1차적으로 1936년부터 1954년 사이에 성미술 운동의 기관지 라르 사크레지에 기고 된 쿠튀리에의 글 속에 나타난 언설을 분석하고, 2차적으로 성미술 건축 프로젝트의 현지답사를 통해 성미술 운동의 실체를 파악하였다. 성미술 운동의 대표적인 건축물인 아시성당과 로사리오성당, 롱샹교회, 라투렛수도원, 로스코채플 등 5개의 프로젝트를 분석대상으로 하였다. 본 연구의 결과 쿠튀리에의 건축개념의 특성은 '시적'(Poetic) 분위기의 창출에 기초하고 있음을 파악할 수 있었으며, 재료의 즉물성과 순수함은 모더니즘기의 추상적 사유와 연결되어 있음을 규명할 수 있었다. 쿠튀리에 신부는 르 코르뷔지에를 성미술 운동을 구현할 수 있는 가장 적합한 건축가로 인식하였으며, 이러한 사유는 롱샹 성당과 라투렛 수도원을 탄생시키는 직접적 동인이 되었음을 파악할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 20세기 중반 교회건축의 혁신을 일으켰던 성미술 운동의 전개과정과 쿠튀리에 신부가 펼친 건축개념의 분석을 통해 현대교회건축의 공간이미지 구성과 디자인에 지침과 교훈이 될 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. William J R Curtis, ,Le Corbusier: Ideas and Forms, p. 178, Phaidon Press, 2003
  2. Charles Jencks, Le Corbusier and the Continual Revolution in Architecture, p.276, The Monacelli Press, 2000.
  3. M. A. Couturier, Sacerd Art, University of Texas Press, 1989.
  4. Father Marie-Alain Couturier a 9nd the Sacred Art Movement, p.9, City University of New York, 2002.
  5. Denis McNamara, Almost Religious: Couturier, Le Corbusier and the Monastery of La Tourette, Sacred Architecture 2, p.22, 1999.
  6. Charlene Spretnak, The Spiritual Dynamic in Modern Art: Art History Reconsidered, 1800 to the Present, p.174, Palgrave Macmillan, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137342577
  7. William S. Rubin. Modern Sacerd Art and the Church of Assy, p.7, Columbia University, 1960.
  8. Charlene Spretnak, The Spiritual Dynamic in Modern Art: Art History Reconsidered, 1800 to the Present, p.174, Palgrave Macmillan, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137342577
  9. Nicholas Pan, Youyoung Huh, Le Corbusier's Last Vision, p.73, The covent on the hil, Culturebooks. 2009.
  10. 501 Great Artists, Maronie Books, 2009.
  11. William S. Rubin. Modern Sacred Art and the Church of Assy, p.30, Columbia University, 1980.
  12. J. L. Perie, Adventure 2 of 20th Century Art, p.484, AP International, 1993.
  13. M.A. Couturie, Sacred Art, Univ. of Texas Press, 1989.
  14. Marie-Alain Couturier, op. cit, p.11
  15. Marie-Alain Couturier, op. cit, p.56
  16. Marie-Alain Couturier, op. cit., pp.14-17
  17. Marie-Alain Couturier, op. cit, p.111
  18. J. L. Perie, Adventure 2 of 20th Century Art, p.484,, AP International, 1993.
  19. Nicholas Pan, Youyoung Huh, op.cit. p.73
  20. Hilary Spurling, Matisse the Master-A Life of Henri Matisse: p.450, The Conquest of Color, 1909-1954
  21. William S. Rubin. Modern Sacred Art and the Church of Assy, p.71. Columbia University, 1960.
  22. Nicholas Fox Weber, Le Corbusier, p.63, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 2008.
  23. Charles Jencks, Le Corbusier and the Continual Revolution in Architecture, p.263, The Monacelli Press, 2000.
  24. Nicholas Fox Weber, Le Corbusier, Alfred A. Knopf, pp.664-665, New York, 2008.
  25. Dosik Kim, Reading for Le Corburier Works, p.237, Kimoondang, 2002.
  26. Marie-Alain Couturier, op. cit. p.154
  27. Nicholas Pan, Youyoung Huh, Le Corbusier's Last Vision, p. 135, The covent on the hil, Culturebooks, 2013.
  28. Charles Jencks, Le Corbusier and the Continual Revolution in Architecture, p.327, The Monacelli Press, 2000.
  29. Nicholas Pan, op. cit. p.19
  30. Peter Marzio, Marti Mayo, Image of the Not-Seen: Search for Understanding, p.22, The Rothko Chapel Art Series, 2005.
  31. Susan J Barnes, The Rothko Chapel, An act of Faith, pp.51-52, The Rothko Chapel, 1996.
  32. David E. Brauer, Space as Spirit (Image of the Not-Seen: Search for Understanding, pp.52-53, The Rothko Chapel Art Series, 2005.