Geomechanics and Engineering

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Experimental investigation on the variation of thermal conductivity of soils with effective stress, porosity, and water saturation

  • Lee, So-Jung (Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT)) ;
  • Kim, Kyoung-Yul (Structural and Seismic Technology Group, Power Transmission Laboratory, Korea Electric Power Research Institute (KEPRI)) ;
  • Choi, Jung-Chan (Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI)) ;
  • Kwon, Tae-Hyuk (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST))
  • Received : 2015.08.21
  • Accepted : 2016.07.26
  • Published : 2016.12.12
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The thermal conductivity of soils is an important property in energy-related geotechnical structures, such as underground heat pumps and underground electric power cable tunnels. This study explores the effects of geotechnical engineering properties on the thermal conductivity of soils. The thermal conductivities of quartz sands and Korean weathered silty sands were documented via a series of laboratory experiments, and its variations with effective stress, porosity, and water saturation were examined. While thermal conductivity was found to increase with an increase in the effective stress and water saturation and with a decrease in porosity, replacing air by water in pores the most predominantly enhanced the thermal conductivity by almost one order of magnitude. In addition, we have suggested an improved model for thermal conductivity prediction, based on water saturation, dry thermal conductivity, saturated thermal conductivity, and a fitting parameter that represents the curvature of the thermal conductivity-water saturation relation.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport (MOLIT)

References

  1. Andersland, O.B. and Ladanyi, B. (2004), Frozen Ground Engineering, (2nd Edition), John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 363 p.
  2. ASTM D4253-14 (2014), Standard Test Methods for Maximum Index Density and Unit Weight of Soils Using Vibratory Table, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  3. ASTM D4254-14 (2014), Standard Test Methods for Minimum Index Density and Unit Weight of Soils and Calculation of Relative Density, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  4. ASTM D5334-14 (2014), Standard Test Method for Determination of Thermal Conductivity by Thermal Needle Probe Procedure, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
  5. Batchelor, G.K. and O'Brien, R.W. (1977), "Thermal or electrical conduction through a granular material", Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 355(1682), 313-333.
  6. Brandl, H. (2006), "Energy foundations and other thermos-active ground structures", Geotechnique, 56(2), 81-122. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.2006.56.2.81
  7. Brigaud, F. and Vasseur, G. (1989), "Mineralogy, porosity and fluid control on thermal conductivity of sedimentary rocks", Geophys. J. Int., 98(3), 525-542. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1989.tb02287.x
  8. Carslaw, H.S. and Jaeger, J.C. (1959), Conduction of Heat in Solids, (2nd Edition), Oxford University Press, London, 510 p.
  9. Cortes, D.D., Martin, A.I., Yun, T.S., Francisca, F.M., Santamarina, J.C. and Ruppel, C. (2009), "Thermal conductivity of hydrate-bearing sediments", J. Geophys. Res., 114, B11103. DOI: 10.1029/2008JB006235
  10. Cote, J. and Konrad, J. (2005), "A generalized thermal conductivity model for soils and costruction materials", Can. Geotech. J., 42, 443-458. https://doi.org/10.1139/t04-106
  11. Esch, D.C. (2004), Thermal Analysis, Construction and Monitoring Methods for Frozen Ground, American Society of Civil Engineers, 492, Reston, VA, USA.
  12. Gangadhara Rao, M.V.B.B. and Singh, D.N. (1999), "A generalized relationship to estimate thermal resistivity of soils", Can. Geotech. J., 36, 767-773. https://doi.org/10.1139/t99-037
  13. Go, G.H., Lee, S.R., Kim, Y.S., Park, H.K. and Yoon, S. (2014), "A new thermal conductivity estimation model for weathered granite soils in Korea", Geomech. Eng., Int. J., 6(4), 359-376. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2014.6.4.359
  14. Gori, F. and Corasaniti, S. (2004), "Theoretical prediction of the thermal conductivity and temperature variation inside Mars soil analogues", Planet. Space Sci., 52, 91-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2003.08.009
  15. Hashin, Z. and Shtrikman, S. (1963), "A variational approach to the theory of the elastic behavior of multiphase materials", J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 11(2), 127-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5096(63)90060-7
  16. Horai, K.I. and Simmons, G. (1969), "Thermal conductivity of rock forming minerals", Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 6(5), 359-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(69)90186-1
  17. Johansen, O. (1977), Thermal Conductivity of Soils, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab Hanover NH, No. CRREL-TL-637.
  18. Johnston, I.W., Narsilio, G.A. and Colls, S. (2011), "Emerging geothermal energy technologies", KSCE J. Civ. Engrs., 15(4), 643-653. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-011-0005-7
  19. Kersten, M.S. (1949), "Laboratory research for the determination of the thermal properties of soils", ACFEL Tech. Rep. 23; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MI, USA.
  20. Kumai, W., Hashimoto, I., Ohsawa, S., Mitani, M. and Matsuda, Y. (1994), "Completion of high-efficiency water pipe cooling system for underground transmission line", IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, 9(1), 585-590.
  21. Kumlutas, D., Tavman, I.H. and Coban, M.T. (2003), "Thermal conductivity of particle filled polyethylene composite materials", Compos. Sci. Technol., 63, 113-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(02)00194-X
  22. Lu, S., Ren, T., Gong, Y. and Horton, R. (2007), "An improved model for predicting soil thermal conductivity from water content at room temperature", Soil. Sci. Soc. Am. J., 71(1), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2006.0041
  23. Manohar, K., Yarbrough, D.W. and Booth, J.R. (2000), "Measurement of apparent thermal conductivity by the thermal probe method", J. Test. Eval., 28(5), 345-351. https://doi.org/10.1520/JTE12123J
  24. Murashov, V.V. and White, M.A. (2000), "Thermal conductivity of crystalline particulate materials", J. Mater. Sci., 35, 649-653. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004784613181
  25. Nasirian, A., Cortes, D.D. and Dai, S. (2015), "The physical nature of thermal conduction in dry granular media", Geotech. Lett., 5, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1680/geolett.14.00073
  26. Roshankhah, S. and Santamarina, J.C. (2014), "Engineered granular materials for heat conduction and load transfer in energy geotechnology", Geotech. Lett., 4(2), 145-150. https://doi.org/10.1680/geolett.14.00001
  27. Singh, D.N. and Devid, K. (2000), "Generalized relationships for estimating soil thermal resistivity", Experim. Therm. Fluid Sci., 22, 133-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0894-1777(00)00020-0
  28. Sridhar, M.R. and Yovanovich, M.M. (1996), "Elastoplastic contact conductance model for isotropic conforming rough surfaces and comparison with experiments", J. Heat Transfer, 118(1), 3-9. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2824065
  29. Tarnawski, V.R., Leong, W.H., Gori, F., Buchan, G.D. and Sundberg, J. (2002), "Inter- particle contact heat transfer in soil systems at moderate temperatures", Int. J. Energy Res., 26, 1345-1358. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.853
  30. Van der Held, E.F.M. and Van Drunnen, F.G. (1949), "A method of measuring thermal conductivity of liquids", Physica, 15(10), 865-881. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-8914(49)90129-9
  31. Vargas, W.L. and McCarthy, J.J. (2001), "Heat conduction in granular materials", AIChE Journal, 47(5), 1052-1059. https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690470511
  32. Von Herzen, R. and Maxwell, A.E. (1959), "The measurement of thermal conductivity of deep-sea sediments by a needle-probe method", J. Geophys. Res., 64(10), 1557-1563. https://doi.org/10.1029/JZ064i010p01557
  33. Woodside, W.M.J.H. and Messmer, J.H. (1961), "Thermal conductivity of porous media. I. Unconsolidated sands", J. Appl. Phys., 32(9), 1688-1699. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1728419
  34. Yun, T.S. and Santamarina, J.C. (2008), "Fundamental study of thermal conduction in dry soils", Granul. Matter, 10(3), 197-207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10035-007-0051-5

Cited by

  1. Effects of Fine Particles on Thermal Conductivity of Mixed Silica Sands vol.7, pp.7, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3390/app7070650
  2. Thermal Properties of Fly Ashes and Biomass Ashes Including Wood Bagasse Ashes and Sugarcane Bagasse Ashes vol.29, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0001733
  3. Group Pile Effect on Temperature Distributions inside Energy Storage Pile Foundations vol.10, pp.18, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3390/app10186597
  4. Thermographic analysis of failure for different rock types under uniaxial loading vol.23, pp.6, 2020, https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2020.23.6.503