Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy (한국수소및신에너지학회논문집)

The Korean Hydrogen and New Energy Society (한국수소및신에너지학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparative Evaluation of Steam Gasification Reactivity of Indonesian Low Rank Coals

인도네시아 저등급 석탄의 스팀 가스화 반응성 비교 평가

  • KIM, SOOHYUN (Clean Fuel Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research) ;
  • VICTOR, PAUL (Clean Fuel Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research) ;
  • YOO, JIHO (Clean Fuel Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research) ;
  • LEE, SIHYUN (Clean Fuel Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research) ;
  • RHIM, YOUNGJOON (Clean Fuel Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research) ;
  • LIM, JEONGHWAN (Clean Fuel Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research) ;
  • KIM, SANGDO (Clean Fuel Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research) ;
  • CHUN, DONGHYUK (Clean Fuel Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research) ;
  • CHOI, HOKYUNG (Clean Fuel Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research)
  • 김수현 (한국에너지기술연구원 청정연료연구실) ;
  • ;
  • 유지호 (한국에너지기술연구원 청정연료연구실) ;
  • 이시훈 (한국에너지기술연구원 청정연료연구실) ;
  • 임영준 (한국에너지기술연구원 청정연료연구실) ;
  • 임정환 (한국에너지기술연구원 청정연료연구실) ;
  • 김상도 (한국에너지기술연구원 청정연료연구실) ;
  • 전동혁 (한국에너지기술연구원 청정연료연구실) ;
  • 최호경 (한국에너지기술연구원 청정연료연구실)
  • Received : 2016.11.25
  • Accepted : 2016.12.30
  • Published : 2016.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Steam gasification of low rank coals is possible at relatively low temperature and low pressure, and thus shows higher efficiency compared to high rank coals. In this study, the gasification reactivity of four different Indonesian low rank coals (Samhwa, Eco, Roto, Kideco-L) was evaluated in $T=700-800^{\circ}C$. The low rank coals containing $53.8{\pm}3.4$ wt% volatile matter in proximate analysis and $71.6{\pm}1.2$ wt% carbon in ultimate analysis showed comparable gasification reactivity. In addition, $K_2CO_3$ catalyst rapidly accelerated the reaction rate at $700^{\circ}C$, and all of the coals were converted over 90% within 1 hour. The XRD analysis showed no significant difference in carbonization between the coals, and the FT-IR spectrum showed similar functional groups except for differences due to moisture and minerals. TGA results in pyrolysis ($N_2$) and $CO_2$ gasification atmosphere showed very similar behavior up to $800^{\circ}C$ regardless of the coal species, which is consistent with the steam gasification results. This confirms that the indirect evaluation of the reactivity can be made by the above instrumental analyses.

Keywords

References

  1. http://www.worldcoal.org/coal/uses-coal/coal-electricity
  2. A. Bridges, F.A. Felder, K. Mckelvey, and I. Niyogi, "Uncertainty in energy planning: Estimating the health impacts of air pollution from fossil fuel electricity generation," Energy Res. Social Sci., Vol. 6, 2015, pp. 74-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2014.12.002
  3. B. Atilgan, and A. Azapagic, "Life cycle environmental impacts of electricity from fossil fuels in Turkey," J. Clean Prod., Vol. 106, 2015, pp. 555-564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.07.046
  4. International Energy Agency (IEA), Energy and Air Pollution 2016-World Energy Outlook Special Report, IEA, France, 2016.
  5. United Nations (UN), Framework Convention on Climate Change, Adoption of the Paris Agreement, Conference of the Parties, UN, Paris, 2015.
  6. J. Ma, J. P. Eason, A. W. Dowling, L. T. Biegler, and D. C. Miller, "Development of a first-principles hybrid boiler model for oxy-combustion power generation system," Int. J. Greenhouse Gas Control, Vol. 46, 2016, pp. 136-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.12.036
  7. A. Collot, "Matching gasification technologies to coal properties," Int. J. Coal Geol., Vol. 65, 2006, pp. 191-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2005.05.003
  8. A. C. Rady, S. Giddey, A. Kulkarni, S. P. S. Badwal and S. Bhattacharya, "Catalytic gasification of carbon in a direct carbon fuel cell," Fuel, Vol. 180, 2016, pp. 270-277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.04.047
  9. S. Fan, X. Yuan, L. Zhao, L, X. T. Kang, and H. Kim, "Experimental and kinetic study of catalytic steam gasification of low rank coal with an envrironmentally friendly, inexpensive composite $K_2CO_3$-eggshell derived CaO catalyst," Fuel, Vol. 165, 2016, pp. 397-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.10.084
  10. G. J. Stiegel, and M. Remezan, "Hydrogen from coal gasification: An economical pathway to a sustainable energy future," Int. J. Coal Geol., Vol. 65, 2006, pp. 173-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2005.05.002
  11. J. Wang, M. Jiang, Y. Yao, Y. Zhang, and J. Cao, "Steam gasification of coal char catalyzed by $K_2CO_3$ for enhanced production of hydrogen without formation of methane," Fuel, Vol. 88, 2009, pp. 1572-1579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2008.12.017
  12. Energy times, http://www.energytimes.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=36853
  13. H. Haykiri-Acma, S. Yaman, and S. Kucukbayrak, "Co-combustion of low rank coal/waste biomass blends using dry air or oxygen," Appl. Therm. Eng., Vol. 50, 2013, pp. 251-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2012.06.028
  14. J. Yu, A. Tahmasebi, Y. Han, F. Yin, and X. Li, "A review on water in low rank coals: The existence, interaction with coal structure and effects on coal utilization," Fuel Process. Technol., Vol. 106, 2013, pp. 9-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2012.09.051
  15. E. Mostafavi, N. Mahinpey, M. Rahman, M.H. Sedghkerdar, and R. Gupta, "High-purity hydrogen production from ash-free coal by catalytic steam gasification integrated with dry-sorption $CO_2$ capture," Fuel, Vol. 178, 2016, pp. 272-282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.03.026
  16. D. F. Umar, H. Usui, and B. Daulay, "Change of combustion characteristics of Indonesian low rank coal due to upgraded brown coal process," Fuel Process. Technol., Vol. 87, 2006, pp. 1007-1011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2006.07.010
  17. A. Sharma, A. Matsumura, and T. Takanohashi, "Effect of $CO_2$ addition on gas composition of synthesis gas from catalytic gasification of low rank coals," Fuel, Vol. 152, 2015, pp. 13-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.02.106
  18. X. Wu, J. Tang, and J. Wang, "A new active site/intermediate kinetic model for $K_2CO_3$-catalyzed steam gasification of ash-free coal char," Fuel, Vol. 165, 2016, pp. 59-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.10.034
  19. J. Kopyscinski, J. Lam, C. A. Mims, and J. M. Hill, "$K_2CO_3$ catalyzed steam gasification of ash-free coal. Studying the effect of temperature on carbon conversion and gas production rate using a drop-down reactor," Fuel, Vol. 128, 2014, pp. 210-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.03.014
  20. S. Kim, J. Yoo, D. Chun, S. Lee, and Y. Rhee, "Characterization of $CO_2$ Gasification of 17 coals with regard to coal rank," Clean Technol., Vol. 19, 2016, pp. 333-341.
  21. Y. Kong, J. Lim, Y, Rhim, D. Chun, S. Lee, J. Yoo, and Y. Rhee, "Comparative studies on $K_2CO_3$-based Catalytic Gasification of Samhwa Raw Coal and Its Ash-free Coal," Clean Technol., Vol. 20, 2014, pp. 218-225. https://doi.org/10.7464/ksct.2014.20.3.218
  22. Y. Kong, J. Kim, D. Chun, S. Lee, Y. Rhim, J. Lim, H. Choi, S. Kim, and J. Yoo, "Comparative studies on steam gasification of ash-free coals and their original raw coals," Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, Vol. 39, 2014, pp. 9212-9220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.04.054
  23. T. Takarada, Y. Tamai, and A. Tomita, "Reactivities of 34 coals under steam gasification," Fuel, Vol. 64, 1985, pp. 1438-1442. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(85)90347-3
  24. W. Cho, S. Kim, H. Choi, Y. Rhim, J. Lim, S. Lee, and J. Yoo, "Characterization of chars made of solvent extracted coals," Korean J. Chem. Eng., Vol. 29, No. 2, 2011, pp. 190-195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-011-0160-z
  25. X. Li, Z. Zhua, R. De Marcob, J. Bradleya, and A. Dicksa, "Evaluation of raw coals as fuels for direct carbon fuel cells," J. Power Sources, Vol. 195, 2010, pp. 4051-4058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.01.048
  26. S. Supaluknari, F. Larkins, P. Redlich, and W. Jackson, "Determination of aromaticities and other structural features of Australian coals using solid state 13C-NMR and FTIR spectroscopies," Fuel Process. Technol., Vol. 23, 1989, pp. 47-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3820(89)90043-X

Cited by

  1. Steam Gasification of Thermally Extracted Ash-Free Coals: Reactivity Effects Due to Parent Raw Coals and Extraction Solvents vol.31, pp.10, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b01502