Molecules and Cells

Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology (한국분자세포생물학회)
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Epigenetic Changes in Neurodegenerative Diseases

  • Kwon, Min Jee (Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, DGIST) ;
  • Kim, Sunhong (Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)) ;
  • Han, Myeong Hoon (Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, DGIST) ;
  • Lee, Sung Bae (Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, DGIST)
  • Received : 2016.10.05
  • Accepted : 2016.11.04
  • Published : 2016.11.30
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Abstract

Afflicted neurons in various neurodegenerative diseases generally display diverse and complex pathological features before catastrophic occurrence of massive neuronal loss at the late stages of the diseases. This complex nature of neuronal pathophysiology inevitably implicates systemwide changes in basic cellular activities such as transcriptional controls and signal cascades, and so on, as a cause. Recently, as one of these systemwide cellular changes associated with neurodegenerative diseases, epigenetic changes caused by protein toxicity have begun to be highlighted. Notably, recent advances in related techniques including next-generation sequencing (NGS) and mass spectrometry enable us to monitor changes in the post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histone proteins and to link these changes in histone PTMs to the specific transcriptional changes. Indeed, epigenetic alterations and consequent changes in neuronal transcriptome are now begun to be extensively studied in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this review, we will discuss details of our current understandings on epigenetic changes associated with two representative neurodegenerative diseases [AD and polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases] and further discuss possible future development of pharmaceutical treatment of the diseases through modulating these epigenetic changes.

Keywords

References

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  3. Mechanisms of protein toxicity in neurodegenerative diseases vol.75, pp.17, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-018-2854-4
  4. Ageing as a risk factor for neurodegenerative disease vol.15, pp.10, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-019-0244-7
  5. Cellular Senescence in Neurodegenerative Diseases vol.14, pp.None, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2020.00016
  6. BAHD1 haploinsufficiency results in anxiety-like phenotypes in male mice vol.15, pp.5, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0232789
  7. The Impact of Environmental Factors on 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in the Brain vol.7, pp.2, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40572-020-00268-3
  8. Epigenetic Therapies in the Precision Medicine Era vol.3, pp.8, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1002/adtp.201900184
  9. Positive Association of Ascorbate and Inverse Association of Urate with Cognitive Function in People with Parkinson’s Disease vol.9, pp.10, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9100906
  10. Extracellular Vesicles: Novel Roles in Neurological Disorders vol.2021, pp.None, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6640836
  11. Modeling Neurological Disorders in 3D Organoids Using Human-Derived Pluripotent Stem Cells vol.9, pp.None, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.640212