Journal of Environmental Science International (한국환경과학회지)

The Korean Environmental Sciences Society (한국환경과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Soil Contamination by Heavy Metals in Playgrounds of Kindergartens in Vilnius

  • Received : 2015.11.09
  • Accepted : 2015.11.16
  • Published : 2016.01.29
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The soil contamination by heavy metals in playgrounds of kindergartens in Vilnius city is analysed in this article. The aim of this research is to investigate and evaluate soil contamination by heavy metals in playgrounds of kindergartens in different territories of Vilnius city. Concentrations of heavy metals were measured using Thermo Fisher Scientific Niton$^{(R)}$ XL2 X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Maximum allowable and background concentrations that are given in Lithuanian hygiene standard and Lithuania geochemical atlas are used to compare and evaluate concentrations of heavy metals. Concentrations of heavy metals and their spatial distribution were analysed in order to exclude the most contaminated areas relating with different functional areas of the city. Geo-statistical analysis and maps of spatial distribution were developed using IDW interpolator in ArcMap software. Detail soil surveys helps to assess the extent of anthropogenic impact in different parts of the city which can be harmful to the soil ecosystem and human health. Such researches can help to change or select different function for city areas in territorial planning process.

Keywords

References

  1. Baubinas R.; Burneika D.; Daugirdas V.; Kriauciunas E.; Ribokas G. 2003. Urban environmental impact physical components of quality of some public events (Lithuanian cities as an example). Yearbook of geography 36 (2) t. 148 p.
  2. Davidson C. M.; Urquhart J.; Graham A.; Marsan F.; Biasioli M. C.; Duarte A. C.; Diaz-Barrientos E. 2006. Fractionation of potentially toxic elements in urban soils from five European cities by means of a harmonised sequential extraction procedure. Analytica Chemica Acta. 565(1): 3-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(06)00757-4
  3. Taraskevicius R.; Zinkute R. 2003. Diffused pollution in urban areas formed pedo-geochemical anomalies change forecasting capabilities. Geography Yearbook 36, 2: 163-168.
  4. Taraskevicius R.; Zinkute R. 2011. Lithuanian cities geochemical anomalies and their dissemination. Baltica. 24: 163-168.
  5. Siu C.; Lee L.; Li X;, Shi W.; Cheung S.C.N.; Thornton I. 2006. Metal contamination in urban, suburban, and country park soils of Hong Kong: a study based on GIS and multivariate statistics. Science of The Total Environment. 356, 1-3, 1: 45-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.03.024
  6. Morais S.; Costa F. G.; Pereira M.L. 2012. Heavy Metals and Human Health. In Environmental Health, 1st ed. Oosthuizen, J: InTech Open Sci. 227-246.
  7. Jarup L. 2003. Hazards of heavy metal contamination. British Medical Bulletin. 68: 167-182. https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldg032
  8. Dulskiene V. 2003. Ambient air pollution leads to Myocardial Infarction. Medicine. 39, 9: 884-888.
  9. Juozulynas A.; Jurgelenas B.; Butkiene K.; Greiciute R.; Saviciute K. 2008. Implications of soil pollution with heavy metals for public health. Geologija. 50, 2(62): 75-79. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10056-008-0010-9
  10. De Miguel E.; Llamas J. F.; Chacon E.; Mazadiego L. F. 1999. Sources and pathways of trace elements in urban environments: a multi-elemental qualitative approach. The Science of the Total Environment. 235: 355-357. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00234-X
  11. Lithuanian hygiene standard HN 60:2004. Dangerous substances maximum allowable concentration in the soil. Approved by the Lithuanian Minister of Health 2004 m. kovo 8 d. in order Nr. V-114.
  12. Ottesen R.T.; Alexander J.; Langedal M.; Haugland T.; Hoygaard E. 2008. Soil pollution in day-care centers and playgrounds in Norway: national action plan for mapping and remediation. Environmental Geochemistry and Health. 30, 6: 623-637. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-008-9181-x
  13. Miko S.; Miko M. S; Bukovec D.; Hasan O.; Mesic S.; Hruskova M. 2009. Pollution evaluation of child-care centers and playgrounds of Zagreb: geochemical mapping and GIS modelling. Proceedings of the 6th Euregeo Bayerisches Landesamt fur Umwelt (ed).-Minhen : Bayerisches Landesamt fur Umwelt. 95-100.
  14. Bordajandi L.R.; Goamez G;, Abad E.; Rivera J.; Fernaandez-Bastoa M.D.M.; Blasco J.N.; Gonzaalez M.J. 2004. Survey of Persistent Organochlorine Contaminants (PCBs, PCDD/Fs, and PAHs), Heavy Metals (Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb, and Hg), and Arsenic in Food Samples From Huelva (Spain): Levels and Health Implications. J. Agric. Food Chem. 52: 992-1001. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf030453y
  15. Hemond F.; Solo-Gabriele H.M. 2004. Children's Exposure to Arsenic from CCA-Treated Wooden Decks and Playground Structures. Risk Analysis. 24, 1: 51-64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0272-4332.2004.00411.x
  16. Zagury J.; Pouschat P. 2005. Arsenic on Children's Hands after Playing in Playgrounds. Environ Health Perspect. 112, 14: 1375-1380. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7197
  17. Taraskevicius R. 2008. Urban public spaces of the soil and ground pollution sky research (monitoring program by the municipality) and data integration into GIS Vilnius. Works, done in 2008-11-07 Contract Nr. 50410, output.
  18. Tarskevicius R. 2010. Urban public spaces of the soil and ground pollution sky research (monitoring program by the municipality) and data integration into GIS Vilnius. These works of art produced in 2009-12-11 contract Nr. 50405, output.
  19. Lithuanian Geological Survey under the Ministry of the Environment Director of the Law on the eco-geological studies Approval of the Regulation. 2008-06-17 Nr. 1-104 Vilnius.
  20. Kadunas, V.; Budavicius, R.; Gregorauskiene, V.; Katinas, V.; Kliaugiene, E.; Radzevicius, A.; Taraskevicius, R. Lithuania geochemical atlas (geochemical Atlas of Lithuania). Vilnius: Institute of Geology, Geological Survey of Lithuania, 1999.

Cited by

  1. Health risk assessment related to an effect of sample size fractions: methodological remarks pp.1436-3259, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-017-1496-7