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Relationship between Food Behavior and Level of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Elementary School Students in Suwon-si, Korea

수원시내 일부 초등학생의 식행동과 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 수준과의 관계 연구

  • Lee, Hye-Ryun (Major in Nutrition Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Suwon) ;
  • Kim, Hyung-Sook (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, School of Human Ecology, The University of Suwon)
  • 이혜련 (수원대학교 교육대학원 영양교육전공) ;
  • 김형숙 (수원대학교 생활과학대학 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2015.01.08
  • Accepted : 2015.04.10
  • Published : 2015.05.02

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between food behavior and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) score in elementary students in Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do. Two hundreds and thirty two students (113 male and 119 female) in grades 4~6 participated. We assessed food behavior by using Nutrition Quotient (NQ). NQ was examined by an NQ questionnaire, which consisted of 19 food behavior checklist items. Their items were grouped into five categories: balance, diversity, moderation, regularity, and practice. All data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 18.0. Among the five factors, NQ for food behavior and balance factor showed the lowest score, whereas that of diversity factor showed the highest score. The final Nutrition Quotient (NQ) score weighted on such five factors was 62.59 points. The average level of ADHD by Conners-Wells Adolescent Self-Report Scale (Short Form) [CASS(S)] was 17.02 points out of a total of 81 points. Six students (2.2%) who scored more than 41 points were classified as ADHD risk. By gender, male students (19.76 points) showed a higher CASS(S) score than female students (14.41 points) did. There was a significant negative correlation between NQ and CASS(S) score (r=-0.445, P<0.001). Multiple regression determined the effects of moderation ($Exp({\beta})=-0.193$, P<0.01) and practice ($Exp({\beta})=-0.345$, P<0.001) on CASS(S) score. In conclusion, distinctive nutritional education is needed for students with a high level of ADHD to help their understanding considering their different levels of attention.

Keywords

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