Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design (대한건축학회논문집:계획계)

Architectural Institute of Korea (대한건축학회)
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A Study on Change of Residential Space Based on Maslow's Theory of Human Motivation - Focused on Korean Public Apartment from 1955 to 1990 -

매슬로의 인간 동기론을 통한 주거공간 변화 연구 - 1955년부터 1990년까지 한국 공영 공동주택을 중심으로 -

  • Received : 2015.06.04
  • Accepted : 2015.11.17
  • Published : 2015.11.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to draw residential space elements based on hierarchy of needs from Maslow's motivation theory, and to analyze residential space changes of Korean public apartment. This research selected 25 public apartment housings by data(Plan, Area and Price) availability and PIR value(3~6). PIR value is used to select similar level of housings. This research used literature review to draw residential space elements and used descriptive analysis to analyze residential space changes. Residential space elements based on hierarchy of needs are as follows. At least 1 room, form of kitchen and relationship between kitchen & bath room are related with physiological needs. Second, structural safety, heating system, material and fire extinguishing facilities are related with needs of safety. Third, proportion & independency of living room, relationship between kitchen & living room and total area of house are related with needs of belongings. Fourth, number of rooms & bays, hierarchy of main room and openness of rooms are related with needs of self-esteem. Fifth, connectivity of private space with other spaces is related with needs of self-actualization. The results of analysis of residential space changes can be summarized as follows. First, Until '60s, needs of safety came before physiological needs in residential space. Second, rain-proof roof for needs of safety was introduced in 1955. Third, role of living room was uncertain in the early stage of introducing apartment in Korea. After then, proportion of living room increased till '90s, and decreased after '90s. Fourth, room to living room ratio steadily increased till '90s. Fifth, individual storage and balcony for self-actualization were planned only '50s.

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References

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