Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회논문지)

Korean Institute of Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Measurement and Prediction of Flash Point for Binary Mixtures of Methanol, Ethanol, 2-Propanol and 1-Butanol at 101.3 kPa

Methanol, Ethanol, 2-Propanol 그리고 1-Butanol 이성분 혼합계에 대한 101.3 kPa에서의 인화점 측정 및 예측

  • Oh, In Seok (Dept. of Fire Safety Engineering, Chungnam State Univ.) ;
  • In, Se Jin (Dept. of Fire and Disaster Protection Engineering, Woosong Univ.)
  • 오인석 (충남도립대학교 소방안전관리과) ;
  • 인세진 (우송대학교 소방방재학과)
  • Received : 2015.08.03
  • Accepted : 2015.09.23
  • Published : 2015.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Flash point is one of the most important variables used to characterize fire and explosion hazard of liquids. The lower flash point data were measured for the binary systems {methanol + 1-butanol}, {ethanol + 1-butanol} and {2-propanol + 1-butanol} at 101.3 kPa. Experiments were performed according to the standard test method (ASTM D 3278) using a SETA closed cup flash point tester. The measured flash points were compared with the predicted values calculated using the following activity coefficient models: Wilson, Non-Random Two Liquid (NRTL), and UNIversal QUAsiChemical (UNIQUAC). The measured FP data agreed well with the predicted values of Raoult's law, Wilson, NRTL and UNIQUAC models. The average absolute deviation between the predicted and measured lower FP was less than 1.14 K.

인화점은 화재 및 액체의 폭발 위험의 가능성을 결정하는 데 사용되는 가장 중요한 물리적 특성이고, 산업공정에서 안정성 평가시 중요한 연소특성 가운데 하나이다. 따라서 본 연구는 4류 위험물 중 알코올계 혼합물인 {methanol + 1-butanol}, {ethanol + 1-butanol} 그리고 {2-propanol + 1-butanol} 이성분계 101.3 kPa에서 최소인화점을 SETA closed cup flash point tester를 이용하여 측정하였다. 각 이성분계에 대하여 Wilson, NRTL 및 UNIQUAC 파라미터를 이용하여 혼합물에 대한 인화점 예측하고 실험 결과와 비교하였다. 비교결과 모든 예측값과 실험값은 유사한 값을 보였고 편차가 1.14 K 이내의 결과를 보였다.

Keywords

References

  1. D. A. Crowl and J. F. Louvar, "Chemical Process Safety: Fundamentals with Applications", Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.Y. (1990).
  2. F. P. Lees, "Loss Prevention in the Process Industries", 2nd edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, U.K. (1996).
  3. H. J. Liaw, C. L. Tang and J. S. Lai, "A Model for Predicting the Flash Point of Ternary Flammable Solution of Liquid", Combust. Flame, Vol. 138, pp. 308-319 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2004.06.002
  4. M. Vidal, W. J. Rogers and M. S. Mannan, "Prediction of Minimum Flash Point Behavious for Binary Mixtures", Process Safety and Environment Protection, Vol. 84, pp. 1-9 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1205/psep.05041
  5. D. M Ha and S. J. Lee, "The Measurement and Estimation of the Lower Flash Points for 2-Propanol + Acid Systems Using Cleveland Open Cup Apparatus", J. of Korean Institute Fire & Eng., Vol. 21, pp. 32-37 (2007).
  6. G. M. Wilson and C. H. Deal, "Activity Coefficients and Molecular Structure", Ind. Chem. Fundam., Vol. 1, pp. 20-23 (1962). https://doi.org/10.1021/i160001a003
  7. H. Renon and J. M. Prausnitz, "Local Compositions in Thermodynamic Excess Functions for Liquid Mixtures", AIChE J., Vol. 14, pp. 135-144 (1968). https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690140124
  8. D. S. Abrams and J. M. Prausnitz, "A New Expression for the Excess Gibbs Energy of Partly or Completely Miscible Systems", AIChE J., Vol. 21, pp. 116-128 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690210115
  9. Dortmund Data Bank Software Package (DDBSP), version 2006 professional, Software and Separation Technology GmbH. (http://www.ddbst.de).
  10. National Fire Protection Association, Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA. National Fire Codes, Vol. 7 (1985).
  11. American Society for Testing Materials, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 6 (1999).
  12. H. Le Chatelier, "Estimation of Firedamp by Flammability Limits", Ann. Mines, Vol. 19, pp. 388-395 (1891).
  13. B. E. Poling, J. M. Prausnitz and J. P. O'connell, "The Properties of Gases and Liquids", 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill, N.Y. (2001).
  14. D. M. Gao, H. Zhang, D. H. Zhu, H. Sun, H. Chen, J. J. Shi, L. Peter, B. Winter and Y. M. Zhan, "Correlation and Prediction for Isobaric Vapor-Liquid Equilibria of the Diethyl Ether + Methanol + 1-Butanol Ternary System and the Constituent Binary Systems at 101.325 kPa", Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Vol. 51, pp. 567-575 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1021/ie201805m
  15. A. S. Brunjes and M. J. P. Bogart, "Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for Commercially Important Systems of Organic Solvents", Ind. Eng. Chem., Vol. 35, pp. 255-260 (1943). https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50398a032
  16. A. V. Morozov, A. G. Sarkisov, V. B. Turovskii and V. I. Ilyaskin, Dep. Doc. VINITI 102-78, Vol. 1 (1978).

Cited by

  1. The Measurement and Prediction of Flash Point for Binary Mixtures {C<sub>1</sub> ~ C<sub>3</sub> Alcohols + <i>p</i>-Xylene} at 101.3 kPa vol.07, pp.01, 2017, https://doi.org/10.4236/ojsst.2017.71001