Horticultural Science & Technology (원예과학기술지)

Korean Society of Horticultural Science (한국원예학회)
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Determination of Shelf-life of Black Mini Tomato Based on Maturity and Storage Temperature

흑색 방울토마토의 숙기 및 저장온도에 따른 상품성 유지기간 구명

  • Park, Mehea (Postharvest Research Team, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal science) ;
  • Seo, Jeongmin (Postharvest Research Team, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal science) ;
  • Won, Heeyeon (Postharvest Research Team, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal science) ;
  • Seo, Jongbun (Jeonnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service) ;
  • Moon, Doogyung (Protected Horticulture Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Kim, Wooil (Gyongsangnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service) ;
  • Shim, Sangyoun (Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service)
  • 박미희 (국립원예특작과학원 저장유통연구팀) ;
  • 서정민 (국립원예특작과학원 저장유통연구팀) ;
  • 원희연 (국립원예특작과학원 저장유통연구팀) ;
  • 서종분 (전라남도 농업기술원) ;
  • 문두경 (국립원예특작과학원 시설원예연구소) ;
  • 김우일 (경상남도 농업기술원) ;
  • 심상연 (경기도 농업기술원)
  • Received : 2015.02.13
  • Accepted : 2015.05.22
  • Published : 2015.10.31
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Abstract

Black mini tomato 'Hei-G' fruits were harvested at different stages of maturity (immature-mature green and mature-black red) and stored at different temperatures (8, 12, and $20^{\circ}C$) to investigate the quality and lycopene content during storage. Weight loss increased dramatically at higher temperature for both harvesting stages without significant differences. Firmness of immature fruits decreased below the initial level of mature fruit (8.1N) after 5, 8, and 19 days storage, when they were stored at 20, 12, and $8^{\circ}C$, respectively. Soluble solid contents of mature fruit increased at initial storage, and were higher as compared to immature fruits before deterioration at each storage temperature. Decrease in titratable acid of mature fruits depended on storage time and temperature. However, titratable acid of immature fruits showed little change during storage, and so it did not affect flavor. Hunter a value changed greatly in immature fruit stored at high temperature. Unlike ripe tomatoes, there was no significant difference in black tomato Hunter b values of immature and mature fruit at initial and 12 days storage. However, immature fruits stored at $8^{\circ}C$ did not reach full maturity and color development and ripening. High storage temperature increased lycopene production while low storage temperature blocked lycopene development. Shelf life of the immature fruits, which was evaluated by elapsed days to conventional mature stage, was 12 and 15 days when they were stored at 20 and $12^{\circ}C$, respectively. The optimum storage temperature to maintain the quality and lycopene content of mature fruits was $12^{\circ}C$. Moreover, the shelf life of mature fruits stored at $20^{\circ}C$ could reach up to 5 days.

흑색 방울토마토 '헤이-G'의 저장력을 구명하기 위해 숙도별(짙은 녹색단계의 미숙, 검붉은 단계의 적숙)로 수확하여 저장온도별(8, 12, $20^{\circ}C$)로 3주간 저장하면서 품질과 라이코펜 함량을 조사하였다. 흑색 방울토마토의 중량감소율은 미숙과와 적숙과에 따른 유의적인 차이는 없었고, 저장 온도가 높을수록 높게 나타났다. 경도는 미숙과를 $20^{\circ}C$에서 5일 이후, $12^{\circ}C$에서 8일 이후, $8^{\circ}C$에서 19일 이후에 적숙과의 초기치(8.1 N) 이하로 낮아졌다. 적숙과의 가용성고형물 함량은 저장초기 증가한 후 부패가 일어나기 전까지 각각의 저장온도에서 미숙과보다 높았다. 적정산도는 적숙과의 경우 저장기간과 저장온도에 따라 낮아지는 경향을 보인 반면에 미숙과의 경우는 후숙이 진행되어도 적정산도가 거의 변화하지 않아 풍미에 영향을 미칠 것으로 보인다. Hunter a값은 저장온도가 높을수록 특히 미숙과의 경우 급격히 변화하였으나, $8^{\circ}C$에 저장한 미숙과는 착색불량 및 장해로 인해 후숙되지 못했다. 완숙토마토와 달리 흑색 방울토마토의 Hunter b 값은 저장 12일까지 미숙과와 적숙과 간의 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 라이코펜의 함량은 저장온도가 높을수록 높게 나타나며 저온에서 저장한 경우 라이코펜 합성이 저해되었다. 이상의 결과로부터 흑색 방울토마토의 저장기간을 적숙과로 설정할 경우 미숙과의 저장온도는 $12^{\circ}C$에서 15일, $20^{\circ}C$에서 12일간 저장할 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 흑색 방울 토마토를 적숙과로 수확할 경우 라이코펜 함량과 외관 품질을 고려하여 $12^{\circ}C$ 내외가 적절하며, $20^{\circ}C$ 저장은 약 5일 이내로 판단된다.

Keywords

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