Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases

The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases (대한결핵및호흡기학회)
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Tuberculosis in Mexico and the USA, Comparison of Trends Over Time 1990-2010

  • Hernandez-Garduno, Eduardo (Unidad de Ensenanza e Investigacion, Hospital Monica Pretelini Saenz, Instituto de Salud del Estado de Mexico) ;
  • Mendoza-Damian, Fabiola (Laboratorio de Micobacterias, Laboratorio Estatal de Salud Publica, Instituto de Salud del Estado de Mexico) ;
  • Garduno-Alanis, Adriana (Unidad de Ensenanza e Investigacion, Hospital Monica Pretelini Saenz, Instituto de Salud del Estado de Mexico) ;
  • Ayon-Garibaldo, Salvador (Programa de la salud del adulto y Micobacteriosis, Region Sanitaria VIII Costa Norte, Instituto de Salud del Estado de Jalisco)
  • Received : 2014.11.06
  • Accepted : 2015.04.07
  • Published : 2015.04.30
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Abstract

Background: The aim was to compare tuberculosis trends in Mexico and United States and to evaluate Mexican diagnostic methods and contact investigation. Methods: Retrospective comparative study of tuberculosis cases and incidence rates between both countries (1990-2010). Diagnostic methods and contact investigations were also evaluated for Mexico. Estimates were obtained from official websites. Results: In Mexico, no clear trend was found over time for cases. Pulmonary (PTB) and all forms of tuberculosis (AFTB) incidence decreased 2.0% annually. There was a negative correlation between the mean contacts examined per case and AFTB incidence ($r^2=-0.44$, p=0.01) with a 33% reduction in AFTB incidence. In United States, PTB and AFTB cases have been decreasing 6.0% and 5.6% annually, respectively. The incidence decreased 7.3% and 6.8%, respectively. Conclusion: The incidence of tuberculosis in Mexico is decreasing slightly over time at 2% annually. In the United States, cases and incidence rates have been decreasing at a higher rate (5% to 7% annually). The inverse association between number of contacts examined per state and incidence rates in Mexico underscore the importance of reinforcing and improving contact investigations with the likely translation of a decrease of TB incidence at a higher rate.

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