DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Influenced on Analysis of Characteristics of Forest Environmental Factors on Debris Flow Occurrence

토석류 위험지역에 영향하는 산림환경 특성 분석

  • Park, Jae-hyeon (Department of Forest Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kang, Min-Jeong (Department of Forest Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Ki-Dae (Department of Forest Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
  • 박재현 (경남과학기술대학교 산림자원학과) ;
  • 강민정 (경남과학기술대학교 산림자원학과) ;
  • 김기대 (경남과학기술대학교 산림자원학과)
  • Received : 2015.01.26
  • Accepted : 2015.04.29
  • Published : 2015.09.30

Abstract

This study was conducted to analyze the forest environmental characteristics on a total of 20 forest environmental factors affecting the debris flow against 272 sites of risk areas. In the case of environmental factors, it showed the high risk of debris flow under the following conditions such as soil depth of less than 30cm, west slope, altitude of 200~300 m, mountain average slope of $25{\sim}30^{\circ}$, sandy loam, igneous rocks, and composite slope. Among the rainfall factors, 50~100 mm of maximum hourly rain fall and 300 mm of maximum rain fall per day have been shown the high risk of debris flow. Furthermore, the high risk of debris flow was related to the river-bed average slope of $10{\sim}20^{\circ}$, the river-bed average width of >10 m, the small amount of debris in river-bed (less than 20% of river-bed structure), the drainage density of >$1km/km^2$, the 40~60% of area with more than $20^{\circ}$ slope, and the 40~60% of areas with risk grade 2 of landslide. In addition, forest environmental factors including the driftwood, soil erosion control structures, age-class 3, crown density (density), and mixed forest were important factors causing the high risk of debris flow.

이 연구는 토석류 위험지역 총 272개소에서 토석류 유출에 영향을 미치는 20개의 산림환경인자에 대하여 산림환경 특성을 분석하였다. 입지환경인자 중 토심은 하(30 미만), 방위는 서쪽사면, 표고는 200~300 m, 산지평균경사는 $25{\sim}30^{\circ}$, 토질은 사양토, 모암은 화성암, 사면형은 복합사면이 토석류 위험이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 강우환경인자 중 최대시우량은 50~100 mm, 1일최대강우량은 300 m 이상이 토석류 위험이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 유역환경인자 중 계상평균경사는 $10{\sim}20^{\circ}$, 계상평균폭은 10 m 미만, 계상에 있는 토석의 양은 적음(계상구성물 중 20% 미만), 수계밀도는 $1km/km^2$이내, 산사태 발생 가능성이 있는 경사 $20^{\circ}$ 이상의 분포비율은 40~60%, 산사태 위험도 2등급 이상 비율은 40~60%, 유목이 있는 상태, 사방공작물 시설이 있는 경우, 임상환경인자 중 영급은 3영급, 소밀도는 밀, 임상은 혼효림 등의 인자가 토석류 위험이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. Choi, J.W., Lee, S.L., Min, K.D., and Woo, I. 2004. Landslide Susceptibility Mapping and Verification Using the GIS and Bayesian Probability Model in Boun. Economic and Environmental Geology 37(2): 207-223.
  2. Choi, Y.J. 2010. A Study on Downstream Process of Debris Flow Mobilized from Landslides. Department of Civil Engineering Graduate School, Kang won National University dissertation. pp. 932.
  3. Jung, G.W., Pack, S.J., and Lee, C.W. 2008. Development of the Score Table for Prediction of Landslide Hazard -A Case Study of Gyeongsangbuk-do Province-. Journal of Korean Forestry Society 97(3): 332-339.
  4. Kim, G.H. and Lee, H.G. 2012. GIS Based Analysis of Landslide Factor Effect in Inje Area Using the Theory of QuantificationII. Journal of Korea Spatial Information Society 20(3): 57-66.
  5. Kim, K.S. 2008. Characteristics of Basin Topography and Rainfall Triggering Debris Flow. Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers 28(5): 263-271.
  6. Kim, K.S., Kim, Y.W., Chae, B.G., Cho, Y.C., Lee, C.O., and Song, Y.S. 2006. Geometry of Debris Flow Occurrence on Natural Slopes. KSEG Conference 2006: 51-59.
  7. Kim, W.Y., Kim, K.S., Lee, S.R., and Chae, B.G. 1998. Landslide Types and Susceptibilities Related to Geomorphic Characteristics - Yeonchon-Chulwon Area -. The Journal of Engineering Geology 8(2): 115-130.
  8. Ko, S.M., Lee, S.W., Yune, C.Y., and Kim, G.H. 2013. GISbased Analysis of Debris-flow Characteristics in Gangwondo. Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography 31(1): 57-67. https://doi.org/10.7848/ksgpc.2013.31.1.57
  9. Korea Forest Service. 2014. Statistical Yearbook of Forestry. 44. pp. 496.
  10. Korea Forest Service. 2013. Nation Landslide prevention measure. http://www.forest.go.kr(2015. 01. 14).
  11. Lee, S.G., Shin, H.W., Lee, K.S., and Jung, S.H. 2008. The study on the predict and characteristics of debris landslides. KGS Spring National Confenence 2008: 427-434.
  12. Lee, S.K., Lee, B.D., and Chung, J.D. 2005. Development of a Landslide Hazard Prediction Model using GIS. Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies 8(4): 81-90.
  13. Ma, H.S. 1994. Studies on Development of Prediction Model of Landslide Hazard and Its Utilization. Journal of Korean Forestry Society 83(2): 175-192.
  14. Ma, H.S., Kang, W.S., and Lee, S.J. 2014. Effects of Forest Environmental Factors on the Sediment Disaster Occurrence. Journal of Agricultural & Life Sciences 48(4): 73-80.
  15. Pack, D.G. 2004. Reduction of the occurrence and damage of the pomegranate sat study. Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs National institute for disaster prevention. pp. 317.
  16. Park, J.M., Ma, H.S., Kang, W.S., Oh, K.W., Pack, S.H., and Lee, S.J. 2010. Analysis of Landslide Characteristics in Jeonlabuk-do, Korea. Journal of Agricultural & Life Sciences 44(4): 9-20.
  17. Park, S.J., Lee, H.H., Joo, S.H., Heo, T. ., Lee, C.W., Jung, G.W., Kim, B.K., and Kim, H.C. 2006. Analysis on the characteristics of the Landslide in Gyeongsangbuk-Do(1). Journal of Korean Forestry Society of the Annual Conference 2006: 397-399.
  18. Ryu, G.J. and Youn, I.J. 2008. Japan's measures to prevent the damage, and the pomegranate (debris) on sat practice. Korean Geotechnical Society Proceedings 24(11): 30-36.
  19. Tanaka, Yuki, Matsukura, Yukinori, and Kim, T.H. 2003. The central region of the Korean peninsula, granite and gneiss basin rainfall flux characteristic. The Geological Society Of Korea Fall Conference 2003: 1-157.
  20. Statistics Korea. 2014. e-Nation index. http://www.index.go.kr (2015. 01. 14).
  21. The National Weather Service. 2013. Annual Climatological Report. http://www.kma.go.kr(2015. 01 .14).
  22. Woo, B.M. 1997. Erosion Control Engineering. Hyang-moon Corp. Seoul. pp. 310.
  23. Youn, H.J., Lee, C.W., and Woo, C.S. 2011. Effects of forest tending on Landslide. Journal of Korean Forestry Society 100(3): 417-422.

Cited by

  1. 드론영상을 활용한 토석류 발생구간의 피해규모 추적기법 vol.35, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7848/ksgpc.2017.35.6.517
  2. Analysis of Characteristics of Forest Environmental Factors of Debris flow in Jeollabuk-do, korea vol.53, pp.5, 2019, https://doi.org/10.14397/jals.2019.53.5.63
  3. Analysis of Characteristics of Debris Flow Susceptibility in Rugged Mountain Range in the Seoraksan National Park, Korea vol.54, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.14397/jals.2020.54.6.39