Anti-oxidant, Astringent, and Anti-aging Effects from Fractions of Black Chokeberries Cultivated in Korea

국내산 블랙초크베리 분획물로부터의 항산화, 수렴 및 항노화 효과

The aim of this study was to assess the anti-oxidant, astringent, and anti-aging effects of black chokeberries, which have been widely cultivated on many farms in Korea. Using a 500 ㎍/mL concentration of a 70% ethanol extract from black chokeberries, we observed approximately 77% electron donating ability, approximately 88% 2,2'-azinobis (3-eth- ylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammounium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, approximately 71% hydrogen peroxide scavenging ability, and 0.45 reducing power. Using 200 ㎍/mL from the ethylacetate fraction, we observed approximately 90% ABTS radical scavenging ability, approximately 95% electron donating ability, 95% superoxide dis- mutase-like activity, and approximately 98% hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity. Furthermore, the 0.831 reducing power was a particularly meaningful result as compared with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (positive control). The results of a total phenolic content experiment showed a relatively high value of 45 mg tannic acid equivalents/g, and the result of an astringent effect experiment also showed a relatively high effect at 5000 ㎍/mL, with about 85% of the astringent effect in the ethylacetate fraction and 76% in the water fraction. The result of an elastase inhibition ability experiment showed a relatively high inhibition ability at 500 ㎍/mL; 76% of inhibition ability in the 70% ethanol extract and 74% of inhibi- tion ability in the water fraction. Based on the study results, we determined that extracts and fractions from Korean black chokeberries have excellent anti-oxidant and anti-aging effects. Additionally, these results suggested that Korean black chokeberries may be used as a natural material in the cosmetic and functional food industries.

생체 내 ROS의 형성이 증가된 상태인 산화적 스트레스에 의 해 세포 내 구성성분이 단백질, 지질 및 DNA 성분이 기능적으 로 손상되어 생체기능을 저하시키며, 다양한 질환의 원인으로  보고되고 있다 (Steinberg, 1997). 산화적 스트레스에 의한 세포  구성성분의 산화적 손상을 지연시키거나 억제하는 물질인 항산 화물질을 국내산 블랙초크베리 추출물을 이용하여 항산화, 수 렴 및 항노화 실험을 통하여 탐색하였다. 전자공여능 실험에서는 70% 에탄올 추출물이 500 ㎍/mL에서 약 77%, 에틸아세테이 트 분획물은 250 ㎍/mL에서 약 94%의 우수한 소거능력을 보였 다. ABTS radical 소거활성능 실험에서는 70% 에탄올 추출물은  500 ㎍/mL에서 약 88%, 에틸아세테이트 분획물은 200 ㎍/mL 에서는 약 90%의 우수한 소거능을 나타내었으며 이는 양성대 조군인 BHT와 비교해서도 유의할 만한 결과였다. SOD 유사활 성능 측정 결과는 에틸아세테이트 분획물에서 250 ㎍/mL에서  95%의 효능을 나타내었고, 양성대조군인 vitamin C가 250 ㎍/mL에서 98%의 소거능을 보인 것과 비교해서 유의할 만한 결 과였다. Hydrogen peroxide 소거능 결과는 70% 에탄올 추출물이 500 ㎍/mL에서 약 71%, 에틸아세테이트 분획물은 250 ㎍/mL에서 약 97%의 우수한 소거능을 보였으며, reducing power 또한 500 ㎍/mL에서 1.2176으로 양성대조군인 EGCG가 같 은 농도에서 1.22인 것과 비교해서 매우 우수한 환원력을 보였 다. Astringent 효과 실험에서는 에틸아세테이트 fraction과 물 층의 fraction이 각각 5000 ㎍/mL에서 약 85%와 약 76%의 비 교적 우수한 수렴효과를 보였다. 항노화 활성을 알아보기 위한  elastase 저해 효과 실험에서는 70% 에탄올 추출물이 500 ㎍/ mL의 농도에서 약 76%, 물 분획물의 500 ㎍/mL의 농도에서 약  74.2%의 저해효능을 나타내었다. 이상의 실험결과에서는 가장 뛰어난 항산화 활성을 보인 것 으로는 에틸아세테이트 fraction이었으며, 이어서 에탄올 추출 물, 부탄올 fraction의 순이었으며, 수렴 및 항노화 활성은 부탄 올 fraction과 물 fraction에서 우수한 활성을 나타내었다. 블랙초 크베리에 페놀화합물 및 안토시아닌이 풍부하게 함유되어 있다 는 것이 이미 많은 연구 결과에서 보고되고 있다. 그러나 분획 물 상태에서의 안토시아닌의 함량 비교는 아직 알려진 바가 적 다. 따라서 앞으로 분획물에서의 유효성분을 분석하고 이러한  결과를 바탕으로 국내산 블랙초크베리 추출물 및 분획물을 활용하여 기능성 화장품 및 식품산업에서 향후 기능성 원료로서 의 가능성을 기대할 수 있다.