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The Efficacy of Lowering Blood Glucose Levels Using the Extracts of Fermented Bitter Melon in the Diabetic Mice

당뇨 마우스에서 여주발효추출물의 혈당 강하 효능

  • Received : 2015.06.04
  • Accepted : 2015.07.16
  • Published : 2015.09.30

Abstract

Momordica charantia, commonly known as bitter melon, has interesting pharmacological activities such as anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant. As supported by recent scientific reports on the beneficial effects of M. charantia, it is one of the most promising functional plants for diabetes today. In this study, we fermented the bitter melon with lactic acid bacteria and investigated the capability of controlling diabetic conditions by decreasing the blood glucose levels. After extracting the fermented bitter melon with hot water or ethanol, we tested several biological activities using mouse models. When we tested the efficacy of the glycemic control, the extracts of fermented bitter melon significantly lowered the blood glucose levels of the alloxan-induced diabetic mice. We also found that the lactic acid bacteria-fermented bitter melon protected liver damages from the treatment of alloxan monohydrates and maintained low levels of triglycerides and high levels of HDL cholesterol in these mouse models. These results suggest that our approach on fermenting bitter melon and the extracts of fermented bitter melon could lead to the possibility of the development of functional foods that contain the effectiveness of controlling blood glucose and lipid levels as well as preventing liver damages.

비터멜론으로 알려진 여주(Momordica charantia)는 항암, 항바이러스, 항균, 항염증, 진통 및 산화방지제를 포함한 흥미로운 약리활성이 있다고 알려져 있다. 민간에서 전통적으로 사용된 여주의 효능은 최근에 과학적인 보고에 의해 증명이 되고 있으며, 현재 당뇨병 예방과 치료를 위해 연구되어야 할 가장 기대되는 기능성 식물 중 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 여주를 유산균으로 발효하여 추출하고 이것이 혈당을 감소시켜 당뇨병을 조절할 수 있는 지를 조사하였다. 발효한 여주를 열수 또는 에탄올로 추출한 후, 마우스 모델을 사용하여 고혈당 조절 등 여러가지 생물학적 활성을 테스트를 하였다. 여주발효추출물은 알록산으로 유도한 당뇨 마우스모델의 혈당을 유의적 수준에서 저하시켰고, 또한 알록산 처리에 의한 간 손상을 보호하였으며 중성지방은 낮게 그리고 HDL 콜레스테롤은 높은 수준으로 유지하고 있는 것을 발견하였다. 따라서 이러한 결과들은 여주와 유산균을 결합한 새로운 방법이 여주의 효능을 극대화시킴으로써 혈당 강하와 간 손상 억제 및 혈중 지질 조절 등 건강기능식품으로서의 개발 가능성이 충분히 있다고 사료된다.

Keywords

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