Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure

Korean Society of Ecology and Infrastructure Engineering (응용생태공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Eco-physiological Responses of Roadside Tree Species to Contamination of Soil with Lead

토양 납 오염에 대한 가로수 식물종의 생리생태적 반응

  • Kim, Han Eol (Department of Biology, Jeju National University) ;
  • Song, Uhram (Department of Biology, Jeju National University)
  • Received : 2015.08.04
  • Accepted : 2015.08.31
  • Published : 2015.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Heavy metal pollution in soil, such as lead contamination, has become an area of interest in Korea because of urbanization and atmospheric deposition from neighboring countries. Therefore, in this research, eco-physiological responses such as chlorophyll contents, antioxidant enzyme activity, photosynthetic rate, biomass and phytoaccumulation abilities were investigated for 4 commonly used native roadside tree species to suggest suitable tree species to cope with lead contamination. The target species, Ginkgo biloba, Prunus yedoensis, Zelkova serrata and Chionanthus retusus showed lead toxicity by significant changes of chlorophyll contents and antioxidant enzyme activities on treatments over 200 mg Pb/kg. However, biomass and photosynthetic rates only showed significant responses of plants in the highest level (5,000 mg/kg) treatment. Especially, G. biloba did not show any significant changes of antioxidant enzyme activity, photosynthetic rate, and biomass even in the highest level treatment. In low level - environmentally realistic treatments, G. biloba and P. yedoensis showed the highest phytoaccumulation rate of lead from soil. Selecting and planting species like G. biloba which have good phytoaccumulation abilities and resistance to lead contamination by further research will be required to deal with emerging lead contamination.

대한민국은 도시화 과정과 인접 국가에서부터 대기를 통한 유입 등으로 납과 같은 중금속의 토양 오염 문제가 관심을 받고 있다. 이에 가로수 수종으로 많이 쓰이고 있는 자생종 4종을 대상으로 토양 내 납 오염에 대한 엽록소 함량, 항산화 효소, 광합성량, 생물량과 같은 생리-생태적인 반응과 흡수능력을 연구하여 납 오염에 대응하는 가로수로 적합한 수종을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구 대상종인 은행나무, 왕벚나무, 느티나무, 이팝나무는 200 mg Pb/kg 이상의 처리구에서 엽록소 함량, 항산화 효소에서 납 독성에 대한 반응을 보였다. 반면에 생물량이나 광합성량의 경우 고농도 (5,000 mg/kg)를 제외하고는 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 특히 은행나무는 항산화 효소, 광합성 및 생물량에서 고농도에서도 납의 부정적인 영향이 나타내지 않았다. 실제 환경에서 나타날 수 있는 저농도 처리구에서 은행나무와 벚나무의 경우 연구 대상종 중 높은 납 흡수율을 보였다. 이처럼 은행나무와 같이 납에 대한 저항력과 흡수능력을 가진 수종을 선발하여 가로수로 식재하여 도로 주변 납 오염에 대응하는 방안이 필요할 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ali, M.B., Vajpayee, P., Tripathi, R.D., Rai, U.N., Singh, S.N. and Singh, S.P. 2003. Phytoremediation of lead, nickel, and copper by Salix acmophylla Boiss.: Role of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant substances. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 70: 0462-0469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-003-0009-1
  2. Choi, Y.R. 2015. Government monitors Pb, Cd level in fine dust. http://www.onkweather.com/bbs/board.php?bo_table=eco1&wr_id=2865. Accessed 15 June 2015. (In Korean)
  3. Deng, H., Ye, Z.H. and Wong, M.H. 2006. Lead and zinc accumulation and tolerance in populations of six wetland plants. Environmental Pollution 141: 69-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.08.015
  4. Duan, J. and Tan, J. 2013. Atmospheric heavy metals and arsenic in China: Situation, sources and control policies. Atmospheric Environment 74: 93-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.03.031
  5. Ewais, E.A. 1997. Effects of cadmium, nickel and lead on growth, chlorophyll content and proteins of weeds. Biologia Plantarum 39: 403-410. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1001084327343
  6. Hall, J.L. 2002. Cellular mechanisms for heavy metal detoxification and tolerance. Journal of Experimental Botany 53: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/53.366.1
  7. Han, Y.-J., Holsen, T.M., Hopke, P.K., Cheong, J.-P., Kim, H. and Yi, S.-M. 2004. Identification of source locations for atmospheric dry deposition of heavy metals during yellow-sand events in Seoul, Korea in 1998 using hybrid receptor models. Atmospheric Environment 38: 5353-5361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.02.069
  8. KFS. 2002. Heavy metal remediation using woody plants. Korea Forest Service. http://www.forest.go.kr/newkfsweb/cop/bbs/selectBoardArticle.do?bbsId=BBSMSTR_1036&mn=KFS_03_02&nttId=2777278. Accessed 12 June 2010. (In Korean)
  9. KOSIS. 2011. Heavy metal concentration of soil. Korean Statistical Information Service. http://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=106&tblId=DT_106N_20_0100004&vw_cd=&list_id=&scrId=&seqNo=&lang_mode=ko&obj_var_id=&itm_id=&conn_path=K1&path=. Accessed 10 June 2015. (In Korean)
  10. KSEC. 2009. Soil screening level for lead. Korean Soil Environmental Center. http://www.sec.re.kr/pollutants.do?method=arsenic_05. Accessed 11 August 2009. (In Korean)
  11. Lee, Y.G. 2014. Lead and benzene pollution in Gyunggi province. http://www.asiae.co.kr/news/view.htm?idxno=2014121009431245027. Accessed 10 May 2015. (In Korean)
  12. Ma, H.-C., Fung, L., Wang, S.-S., Altman, A. and Huttermann, A. 1997. Photosynthetic response of Populus euphratica to salt stress. Forest Ecology and Management 93: 55-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(96)03943-6
  13. Ouellet, M. and Jones, H.G. 1983. Historical changes in acid precipitation and heavy metals deposition originating from fossil fuel combustion in eastern North America as revealed by lake sediment geochemistry. Water Science & Technology 15: 115-130.
  14. Park, G.H. 1992. Pb, Cu, Zn contaminants and their correlation of soil, leave and bark of Ginkgo.B and ambient air adjacent to a heavy traffic road side. Journal of Environmental Health 18: 19-25. (In Korean)
  15. Park, J.Y., Joo, J.H. and Yun, Y.H. 2010. Mitigation of carbon dioxide and heavy metals by urban greenspace. Environmental Policy Research 9: 137-154. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.17330/joep.9.1.201003.137
  16. Park, S.-J., Joung, Y.-M., Choi, M.-K., Kim, Y.-K., Kim, J.-G., Kim, K.-H. and Kang, M.-H. 2008. Chemical properties of barley leaf using different drying methods. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 37: 60-65. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2008.37.1.60
  17. Pourrut, B., Shahid, M., Dumat, C., Winterton, P. and Pinelli, E. 2011. Lead uptake, toxicity, and detoxification in plants. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 213: 113-136.
  18. Prasad, D.D.K. and Prasad, A.R.K. 1987. Effect of lead and mercury on chlorophyll synthesis in mung bean seedlings. Phytochemistry 26: 881-883. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82310-9
  19. Seoul City. 2009. Management and planting plansof Seoul city roadside trees. http://env.seoul.go.kr/files/2011/04/4f5d45b4b181f5.82922083.pdf. Accessed 10 December 2009. (In Korean)
  20. Sharma, P. and Dubey, R.S. 2005. Lead toxicity in plants. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 17: 35-52. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202005000100004
  21. Song, U. and Lee, E. 2010a. Ecophysiological responses of plants after sewage sludge compost applications. Journal of Plant Biology 53: 259-267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12374-010-9112-0
  22. Song, U. and Lee, E.J. 2010b. Environmental and economical assessment of sewage sludge compost application on soil and plants in a landfill. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 54: 1109-1116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2010.03.005
  23. USEPA. 2005. Ecological soil screening level for lead. United States Environmental Protection Agency. http://www.epa.gov/ecotox/ecossl/pdf/ecossl_lead.pdf. Accessed 11 August 2009.
  24. Verma, S. and Dubey, R.S. 2003. Lead toxicity induces lipid peroxidation and alters the activities of antioxidant enzymes in growing rice plants. Plant Science 164: 645-655. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9452(03)00022-0
  25. Yoo, J.Y. and Son, Y.W. 2003. Heavy metal concentrations in tree ring layer and soil and tree ring growth of roadside trees in Seoul. Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture 22: 118-123. (In Korean) https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2003.22.2.118
  26. Yoon, J., Cao, X., Zhou, Q. and Ma, L.Q. 2006. Accumulation of Pb, Cu, and Zn in native plants growing on a contaminated Florida site. Science of the Total Environment 368: 456-464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.01.016