DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Treatment of Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture

급성 아킬레스건 파열의 치료

  • Lee, Tae Hoon (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Hak Jun (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jeon, Young Sik (Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine)
  • 이태훈 (고려대학교 의과대학 구로병원 정형외과학교실) ;
  • 김학준 (고려대학교 의과대학 구로병원 정형외과학교실) ;
  • 전영식 (고려대학교 의과대학 구로병원 정형외과학교실)
  • Received : 2015.07.05
  • Accepted : 2015.07.24
  • Published : 2015.09.15

Abstract

Acute Achilles tendon rupture is a frequent injury during sports and recreational activities. Treatments for Achilles tendon rupture have been controversial in recent decades. Traditionally the surgical treatment had benefit over nonsurgical treatment in terms of low rerupture rate and early functional restoration. Recently, nonsurgical treatment was found to show no statistically significant inferiority in re-rupture rate, functional outcome, and calf strength. Whereas, surgical treatment had some complications including adhesion, nerve injury, and infection. Nonsurgical treatment has been increasing due to functional rehabilitation with early weight bearing and restricted early motion. It focuses more attention on the course of caring for patients with deep discussion. There are open repair and minimally invasive repair in terms of surgical treatment. There are various techniques for minimally invasive repair of Achilles tendon, which has some advantages over the open repair. However, the optimal technique for minimally invasive repair has not been established. The number of suture strands is important regardless of suture technique.

Keywords

References

  1. Cetti R, Christensen SE, Ejsted R, Jensen NM, Jorgensen U. Operative versus nonoperative treatment of Achilles tendon rupture. A prospective randomized study and review of the literature. Am J Sports Med. 1993;21:791-9. https://doi.org/10.1177/036354659302100606
  2. Schepsis AA, Jones H, Haas AL. Achilles tendon disorders in athletes. Am J Sports Med. 2002;30:287-305. https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465020300022501
  3. Leppilahti J, Orava S. Total Achilles tendon rupture. A review. Sports Med. 1998;25:79-100. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199825020-00002
  4. Kongsgaard M, Aagaard P, Kjaer M, Magnusson SP. Structural Achilles tendon properties in athletes subjected to different exercise modes and in Achilles tendon rupture patients. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2005;99:1965-71. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00384.2005
  5. Rettig AC, Liotta FJ, Klootwyk TE, Porter DA, Mieling P. Potential risk of rerupture in primary achilles tendon repair in athletes younger than 30 years of age. Am J Sports Med. 2005;33:119-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546504268720
  6. Jacobs D, Martens M, Van Audekercke R, Mulier JC, Mulier F. Comparison of conservative and operative treatment of Achilles tendon rupture. Am J Sports Med. 1978;6:107-11. https://doi.org/10.1177/036354657800600302
  7. Kocher MS, Bishop J, Marshall R, Briggs KK, Hawkins RJ. Operative versus nonoperative management of acute Achilles tendon rupture: expected-value decision analysis. Am J Sports Med. 2002;30:783-90. https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465020300060501
  8. Soroceanu A, Sidhwa F, Aarabi S, Kaufman A, Glazebrook M. Surgical versus nonsurgical treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2012;94:2136-43. https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.K.00917
  9. Gigante A, Moschini A, Verdenelli A, Del Torto M, Ulisse S, de Palma L. Open versus percutaneous repair in the treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture: a randomized prospective study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2008;16:204-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-007-0448-z
  10. McComis GP, Nawoczenski DA, DeHaven KE. Functional bracing for rupture of the Achilles tendon. Clinical results and analysis of ground-reaction forces and temporal data. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1997;79:1799-808. https://doi.org/10.2106/00004623-199712000-00005
  11. Ingvar J, Tägil M, Eneroth M. Nonoperative treatment of Achilles tendon rupture: 196 consecutive patients with a 7% re-rupture rate. Acta Orthop. 2005;76:597-601. https://doi.org/10.1080/17453670510041619
  12. Sorrenti SJ. Achilles tendon rupture: effect of early mobilization in rehabilitation after surgical repair. Foot Ankle Int. 2006;27:407-10. https://doi.org/10.1177/107110070602700603
  13. Ding WG, Li H, Zhu YP, Liu ZW. Comparison between tenocutaneous suture and Kessler suture techniques in treating acute closed Achilles tendon rupture. Foot Ankle Surg. 2014;20:105-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fas.2013.12.007
  14. McMahon SE, Smith TO, Hing CB. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials comparing conventional to minimally invasive approaches for repair of an Achilles tendon rupture. Foot Ankle Surg. 2011;17:211-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fas.2010.11.001
  15. Kolodziej L, Bohatyrewicz A, Kromuszczynska J, Jezierski J, Biedron M. Efficacy and complications of open and minimally invasive surgery in acute Achilles tendon rupture: a prospective randomised clinical study--preliminary report. Int Orthop. 2013;37:625-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-012-1737-9
  16. Nistor L. Surgical and non-surgical treatment of Achilles tendon rupture. A prospective randomized study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1981;63:394-9. https://doi.org/10.2106/00004623-198163030-00012
  17. Nilsson-Helander K, Silbernagel KG, Thomee R, Faxen E, Olsson N, Eriksson BI, et al. Acute achilles tendon rupture: a randomized, controlled study comparing surgical and nonsurgical treatments using validated outcome measures. Am J Sports Med. 2010;38:2186-93. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546510376052
  18. Jiang N, Wang B, Chen A, Dong F, Yu B. Operative versus nonoperative treatment for acute Achilles tendon rupture: a metaanalysis based on current evidence. Int Orthop. 2012;36:765-73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-011-1431-3
  19. Holm C, Kjaer M, Eliasson P. Achilles tendon rupture--treatment and complications: a systematic review. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2015;25:e1-10. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12209
  20. Ma GW, Griffith TG. Percutaneous repair of acute closed ruptured achilles tendon: a new technique. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1977;(128):247-55.
  21. Webb JM, Bannister GC. Percutaneous repair of the ruptured tendo Achillis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1999;81:877-80. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620X.81B5.9784
  22. Carmont MR, Maffulli N. Modified percutaneous repair of ruptured Achilles tendon. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2008;16:199-203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-007-0411-z
  23. Ozsoy MH, Cengiz B, Ozsoy A, Aksekili MA, Yucel M, Fakioglu O, et al. Minimally invasive Achilles tendon repair: a modification of the Achillon technique. Foot Ankle Int. 2013;34:1683-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/1071100713505754
  24. Wang CC, Chen PY, Wang TM, Wang CL. Ultrasound-guided minimally invasive surgery for achilles tendon rupture: preliminary results. Foot Ankle Int. 2012;33:582-90. https://doi.org/10.3113/FAI.2012.0582
  25. Kong GM, Gwak HC, Kim JG. A comparative study of surgical treatment in the ruptured achilles tendon: minimal incision and open repair. J Korean Foot Ankle Soc. 2012;16:181-9.
  26. Kim DY, Kim SB, Heo YM, Lee JB, Lim JW, Oh HT. Surgical treatment of the ruptured achilles tendon: a comparative study between percutaneous and open repair. J Korean Foot Ankle Soc. 2011;15:79-85.
  27. Del Buono A, Volpin A, Maffulli N. Minimally invasive versus open surgery for acute Achilles tendon rupture: a systematic review. Br Med Bull. 2014;109:45-54. https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldt029
  28. Watson TW, Jurist KA, Yang KH, Shen KL. The strength of Achilles tendon repair: an in vitro study of the biomechanical behavior in human cadaver tendons. Foot Ankle Int. 1995;16:191-5. https://doi.org/10.1177/107110079501600404
  29. Kim HN, Park KH, Park YW. Treatment of acute achilles tendon rupture using krackow suture technique. J Korean Foot Ankle Soc. 2009;13:34-9.
  30. McCoy BW, Haddad SL. The strength of achilles tendon repair: a comparison of three suture techniques in human cadaver tendons. Foot Ankle Int. 2010;31:701-5. https://doi.org/10.3113/FAI.2010.0701