PNF and Movement

Korea Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association (대한고유수용성신경근촉진법학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of Walking Using Smartphone Application

스마트폰 어플리케이션을 이용한 보행 평가

  • Jung, Sangcheol (Deparment of Physical therapy, Seoul Rehabilitation Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Inyoung (Department of Physical Therapy, Samnam Rehabilitation Hospital) ;
  • Yoon, Soobin (Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Graduate School of Jeonju University) ;
  • Kim, Suyeon (Deparment of Physical Therapy, Hansol Orthopedics) ;
  • Woo, Youngkeun (Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical Sciences, Jeonju University)
  • 정상철 (서울재활병원 물리치료실) ;
  • 이인영 (삼남재활병원 물리치료실) ;
  • 윤수빈 (전주대학교 대학원 재활과학과) ;
  • 김수연 (한솔정형외과 물리치료실) ;
  • 우영근 (전주대학교 의과학대학 물리치료학과)
  • Received : 2014.02.15
  • Accepted : 2015.03.15
  • Published : 2015.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: The accelerometer is a tool for evaluating walking by the displacement of the center of mass (COM) in the body. Recently, smartphones have added an accelerometer app, and it can be used to evaluate outcomemanures in rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the COM in the bodies of normal persons and stroke patients using this smartphone application while walking. Methods: Twenty normal persons and twenty-two stroke patients were recruited and had their COM measured using G-walk and the smartphone application, SMAP, during 10 m walking. Subjects repeated the 10 m of walking 3 times, and we used the SMAP, Accelerometer Monitor ver. 1.5.0, to evaluate COM during the walk. To measure the displacement of COM, we used the difference in value between the maximal angle and the minimum anterior-posterior (AP), mediolateral (ML), and rotational angles during the walk. Results: For the normal persons, there was significant correlation between the AP and AP of SMAP, and was also a significant correlation between rotational angle and the ML of SMAP. In the stroke patients, there was significant correlation between AP and ML, and the rotational angle of SMAP. Conclusion: Our research results suggest that if the SMAP system is reinforced in the case of patients who have a greater displacement of COM, it may be used as an evaluation tool during walking.

Keywords

References

  1. Ayu MA, Ismail SA, Matin AFA, et al. A Comparison Study of Classifier Algorithms for Mobile-phone's Accelerometer Based Activity Recognition. Procedia Engineering. 2012;41:224-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.07.166
  2. Chung SG, Van Rey E, Bai Z, et al. Biomechanic changes in passive properties of hemiplegic ankles with spastic hypertonia. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2004;85(10):1638-1646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2003.11.041
  3. Dean CM, Richards CL, Malouin F. Walking speed over 10 metres overestimates locomotor capacity after stroke. Clinical Rehabilitation. 2001;15(4):415-442. https://doi.org/10.1191/026921501678310216
  4. Dong-won Yook, Byung-in Yoo, Yoon-shick Park. Benefits and Problems of Electromyographical Techniques in the Analysis of Human. Journal of Physical Education, Sport & Leisure Studies. 1999;6(1):39-50.
  5. Evans AL, Duncan G, Gilchrist W. Recording accelerations in body movements. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing. 1991;29(1):102-104. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02446305
  6. Hidler JM, Carroll M, Federovich EH. Strength and Coordination in the Paretic Leg of Individuals Following Acute Stroke. IEEE Transactions on Neural systems and Rehabilitation Engineering. 2007;15(4):526-534. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSRE.2007.907689
  7. Il-woo Park, One-bin Lim, Kyue-nam Park, et al. Intra - and inter - rater reliability of measuring passive range of shoulder motion with smartphone and goniometer in patients with stroke. Physical Therapy Korea. 2014;21(1):1-12. https://doi.org/10.12674/ptk.2014.21.1.001
  8. Ishigaki N, Kimura T, Usui Y, et al. Analysis of pelvic movement in the elderly during walking using a posture monitoring system equipped with a triaxial accelerometer and a gyroscope. Journal of Biomechanics. 2011;44(9):1788-1792. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.04.016
  9. Jin-bock Yi, Sung-jae Kang, Young-ho Kim. Characteristics of vertical acceleration at center of mass of the body in normal gait. Physical Therapy Korea. 2002;9(3):39-46.
  10. Jin-bock Yi. Gait analysis of the normal and the hemiplegic walking using the acceleration of the CoM. Yonsei University. Dissertation of Master's Degree. 2002.
  11. Mizuike C, Ohgi S, Morita S. Analysis of stroke patient walking dynamics using a tri-axial accelerometer. Gait &Posture. 2009;30(1):60-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.02.017
  12. Moe-Nilssen R. Test-retest reliability of trunk accelerometry during standing and walking. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 1998;79(11):1377-1385. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90231-3
  13. Neckel N, Pelliccio M, Nichols D, et al. Quantification of functional weakness and abnormal synergy patterns in the lower limb of individuals with chronic stroke. Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation. 2006;3:17. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-3-17
  14. Ng MF, Tong RK, Li SA. A pilot study of randomized clinical controlled trial of gait training in subacute stroke patients with partial body-weight support electromechanical gait trainer and functional electrical stimulation: six-month follow-up. Stroke. 2008;39(1):154-160. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.495705
  15. Olney SJ, Griffin MP, Monga TN, et al. Work and power in gait of stroke patients. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 1991;72(5):309-314.
  16. Patterson SL, Forrester LW, Rodgers MM, et al. Determinants of walking function after stroke: differences by deficit severity. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2007;88(1):115-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2006.10.025
  17. Perry J, Burnfield JM. Gait analysis: Normal and pathological function, 2nd ed. California. SLACK Incorporated.2010.
  18. Si-woon Park, You-nam Choi, Soon-ja Jang, et al. Evaluation of hemiplegic asymmetric gait by trunk accelerometry. Korean Journal of Stroke. 2004;6(1):73-78.
  19. Sung-hyun Park, Un-hyo Baek. Analysis of walking speed of pelvic limb muscle activity and balance index of stroke patients. The Korean Journal of Growth and Development. 2012;20(4):239-246.
  20. Titianova EB, Tarkka IM. Asymmetry in walking performance and postural sway in patients with chronic unilateral cerebral infarction. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development. 1995;32(3):236-244.
  21. von Schroeder HP, Coutts RD, Lyden PD, et al. Gait parameters following stroke: a practical assessment. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development. 1995;32(1):25-31.
  22. Windolf M, Gottzen N, Morlock M. Systematic accuracy and precision analysis of video motion capturing systems exemplified on the Vicon-460 system. Journal of Biomechanics. 2008;41(12):2776-2780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.06.024
  23. Zijlstra W, Hof AL. Assessment of spatio-temporal gait parameters from trunk accelerations during human walking. Gait & Posture. 2003;18(2):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-6362(03)00104-8