Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Replacement of Concentrate Mixture by Broccoli Byproducts on Lactating Performance in Dairy Cows

  • Yi, X.W. (Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University) ;
  • Yang, F. (Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University) ;
  • Liu, J.X. (Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University) ;
  • Wang, J.K. (Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University)
  • Received : 2015.01.06
  • Accepted : 2015.04.15
  • Published : 2015.10.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of feeding pelletized broccoli byproducts (PBB) on milk yield and milk composition in dairy cows. In Trial 1, an in vitro gas test determined the optimal replacement level of PBB in a concentrate mixture in a mixed substrate with Chinese wild ryegrass hay (50:50, w/w) at levels of 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, or 40% (dry matter basis). When the concentrate was replaced by PBB at a level of 20%, no adverse effects were found on the gas volume or its rate constant during ruminal fermentation. In trial 2, 24 lactating cows (days in milk = $170.4{\pm}35$; milk yield = $30{\pm}3kg/d$; body weight = $580{\pm}13kg$) were divided into 12 blocks based on day in milk and milk yield and randomly allocated to two dietary treatments: a basic diet with or without PBB replacing 20% of the concentrate mixture. The feeding trial lasted for 56 days; the first week allowed for adaptation to the diet. The milk composition was analyzed once a week. No significant difference in milk yield was observed between the two groups (23.5 vs 24.2 kg). A significant increase was found in milk fat content in the PBB group (p<0.05). Inclusion of PBB did not affect milk protein, lactose, total solids or solids-not-fat (p>0.05). These results indicated that PBB could be included in dairy cattle diets at a suitable level to replace concentrate mixture without any adverse effects on dairy performance.

Keywords

References

  1. Arieli, A., D. Sklan, and G. Kissil. 1993. A note on the nutritive value of Ulva lactuca for ruminants. Anim. Sci. 57:329-331. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003356100006978
  2. AOAC. 1997. Official Methods of Analysis, 16th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA, USA.
  3. Assad, T., R. A. Khan, and Z. Feroz. 2014. Evaluation of hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity of methanol extract of Brassica oleracea. Chin. J. Nat. Med. 12:648-653.
  4. Eastridge, M. L., P. B. Bucci, and C. V. D. M. Ribeiro. 2009. Feeding equivalent concentrations of forage neutral detergent fiber from alfalfa hay, grass hay, wheat straw, and whole cottonseed in corn silage based diets to lactating cows. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 150:86-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.08.008
  5. Hu, W. L., J. X. Liu, J. A. Ye, Y. M. Wu, and Y. Q. Guo. 2005. Effect of tea saponin on rumen fermentation in vitro. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 120: 333-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.02.029
  6. Kennedy, P. M., A. N. Boniface, Z. J. Liang, D. Muller, and R. M. Murray. 1992. Intake and digestion in swamp buffaloes and cattle. 2. The comparative response to urea supplements in animals fed tropical grasses. J. Agric. Sci. 119:243-254. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600014179
  7. Laporte, M. F. and P. Paquin. 1999. Near-infrared analysis of fat, protein, and casein in cow's milk. J. Agric. Food Chem. 47:2600-2605. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf980929r
  8. Lodge-Ivey, S. L., L. N. Tracey, and A. Salazar. 2014. Ruminant Nutrition Symposium: The utility of lipid extracted algae as a protein source in forage or starch-based ruminant diets. J. Anim. Sci. 92:1331-1342. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2013-7027
  9. Mahn, A., A. Angulo, and F. Cabanas. 2014. Purification and Characterization of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) Myrosinase ($\beta$-Thioglucosidase Glucohydrolase). J. Agric. Food Chem. 62: 11666-11671. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf504957c
  10. Martinez-Villaluenga, C., J. Frias, P. Gulewicz, K. Gulewicz, and C. Vidal-Valverde. 2008. Food safety evaluation of broccoli and radish sprouts. Food Chem. Toxicol. 46:1635-1644. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2008.01.004
  11. Menke, K. H. and H. Steingass. 1988. Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and gas production using rumen fluid. Anim. Res. Dev. 28:7-55.
  12. Menke, K. H., L. Raab, A. Salewski, H. Steingass, D. Fritz, and W. Schneider. 1979. The estimation of the digestibility and metabolizable energy content of ruminant feedingstuffs from the gas production when they are incubated with rumen liquor in vitro. J. Agric. Sci. (Camb.) 93:217-222. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600086305
  13. MoA (Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China). 2004. Feeding Standard of Fattening Sheep. (NY/T816-2004). Ministry of Agriculture of P. R. China, Beijing, China.
  14. Orskov, E. R., F. D. D. Hovell, and F. Mould. 1980. The use of the nylon bag technique for the evaluation of feedstuffs. Trop. Anim. Prod. 5:195-213.
  15. Peng, J., D. Yao, F. Xu, H. Q. Wang, and Y. H. Zheng. 2015. Effect of light on quality and bioactive compounds in postharvest broccoli florets. Food Chem. 172:705-709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.134
  16. SAS Institute Inc. 2000. SAS User's Guide: Statistics. Version 8.01. SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
  17. Satter, L. D. and L. L. Slyter. 1974. Effect of ammonia concentration on rumen microbial protein production in vitro. Br. J. Nutr. 32:199-208. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19740073
  18. Srinivas, B. and B. N. Gupta. 1997. Rumen fermentation, bacterial and total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) production rates in cattle fed on urea-molasses-mineral-block licks supplement. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 65:275-286. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(96)01062-0
  19. Su, Y. J., X. Y. Wang, and W. L. Li. 2005. Broccoli in Linghai. China Agro-technology Extension, Linhai, China. 5:1-3.
  20. Sutton, J. D., W. H. Broster, E. Schuller, D. J. Napper, V. J. Broster, and J. A. Bines. 1988. Influence of plane of nutrition and diet composition on rumen fermentation and energy utilization by dairy cows. J. Agric. Sci. (Camb.) 110:261-270. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600081284
  21. Sutton, J. D., S. V. Morant, J. A. Bines, D. J. Napper, and D. I. Givens. 1993. Effect of altering the starch: fibre ration in the concentrates on hay intake and milk production by Friesian cows. J. agric. Sci., Camb. 120:379-390. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600076541
  22. Van, Houtert, M. F. J. 1993. The production and metabolism of volatile fatty acids by ruminants fed roughages: A review. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 43:189-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(93)90078-X
  23. Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson, and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74: 3583-3598. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
  24. Wang, J. K., H. L. Mao, Y. W. Zhou, J. X. Liu, and X. J. Yan. 2007. Feasibility of Porphyra haitanensis as protein source for ruminants. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 16:278-283. https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/74507/2007
  25. Yi, X. W., F. Yang, Y. Chen, J. K. Wang, and J. X. Liu. 2008. Feasibility of Broccoli residues as protein source for ruminants. Proceedings of the 13th AAAP Animal Science Congress, September 22-26, 2008, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Cited by

  1. Comparative Phytonutrient Analysis of Broccoli By-Products: The Potentials for Broccoli By-Product Utilization vol.23, pp.4, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23040900
  2. Ensilability, in vitro and in vivo values of the agro-industrial by-products of artichoke and broccoli vol.27, pp.3, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07142-2
  3. Preference study of four alternative silage fodders from the Mediterranean region in Murciano-Granadina goats vol.192, pp.None, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2020.106204
  4. In Vitro and In Situ Evaluation of Broccoli Wastes as Potential Feed for Ruminants vol.10, pp.11, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10111989
  5. Protein fractionation of broccoli (Brassica oleracea, var. Italica) and kale (Brassica oleracea, var. Sabellica) residual leaves - A pre-feasibility assessment and evaluation of fraction phenol and fi vol.130, pp.None, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2021.10.004